Typhoon Nanmadol (2022)

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Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Typhoon Nanmadol can be traced back to an area of disturbed weather on September 9. [5] The disturbance favorable for development, being offset by warm sea surface temperatures of around 29–30 °C (84–86 °F). [5] A tropical depression developed, according to the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). [6] Satellite imagery revealed an obscure low-level circulation center. [5] Microwave imaging indicated a low-level circulation with a deep convection. [7] Formative banding blossomed around the disturbance and a LLC appeared on Himawari 8. [8] At 02:00 UTC on September 12, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert to the disturbance. [9] Later around the same day, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Depression 16W. [10] A broad low-level circulation with a disorganized over its convective. [11]

Typhoon Nanmadol as seen from the International Space Station Photo of typhoon nanmadol from international space station.jpg
Typhoon Nanmadol as seen from the International Space Station

Six hours later, the JMA and the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm, with the JMA assigning the name Nanmadol(2214) for the system. [12] [13] The low-level banding wrapped in the deepening LLC. [14] Nanmadol quickly intensified, and was upgraded to a severe tropical storm by the JMA on September 14. [15] Microwave imaging revealed a well-defined banding feeder from the north and south on the storm's quadrants. [16] Early the next day, the JTWC upgraded Nanmadol to a Category 1-equivalent typhoon, approximately 578 nautical miles (1,070 km; 665 mi) east-southeast of Kadena Air Base. [17] Convective banding and a ragged eye formed. [17] Similarly, the JMA further upgraded Nanmadol to a typhoon. [18] A central convection had dense, along with having colder convective tops. [19]

Nanmadol strengthened to a Category 2-equivalent typhoon after the inner core became more organized. [20] On September 16, the storm became a Category 3-equivalent typhoon and an eye that was trying to clear out. [21] Then, it rapidly strengthened into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon as it maintained a 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) sharply-outlined eye around the eyewall. [22] At around 15:00 UTC, the JTWC classified Nanmadol as a super typhoon. [23]

The JMA estimating a minimum central pressure of 910 hPa (26.87 inHg). [24] Nanmadol entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility, and was named Josie before eventually exiting 5 hours later. [25] Multispectral animated satellite imagery revealed a 21 nautical miles (39 km; 24 mi) surrounded eye around a deep convection. [26] The next day, Nanmadol weakened back to a Category 4-equivalent typhoon. [27] Satellite imagery revealed a rapid weakening on the system. [28] At 03:00 UTC on September 18, the JTWC further downgraded it to a Category 3-equivalent typhoon. [29] Nanmadol weakened further into a Category 2-equivalent typhoon as its structural strength began to rapidly deteriorate. [30] Nanmadol's were estimated at just 150 km/h (90 mph), which made it a Category 1-equivalent typhoon and made landfall over Southern Kyushu and a second landfall just south of Kagoshima around 18:00 UTC. [31] [32] At 00:00 UTC on September 19, the JMA downgraded Nanmadol to a severe tropical storm. [33] The JTWC followed suit later that day, and declaring it tropical storm. [34] Satellite imagery revealed a swallowing convection shearing in the northeastwards. [35] At 21:00 UTC that day, the JTWC issued their final warning on the system. [36] The JMA issued its last advisory on Nanmadol, and declared it an extratropical low on September 20. [37]

Preparations and Impact

Japan

Typhoon Nanmadol approaching Japan on September 17 Ling He 4Nian Tai Feng Di 14Hao noWei Xing Hua Xiang (9Yue 17Ri 9Shi ).jpg
Typhoon Nanmadol approaching Japan on September 17

Nanmadol was forecasted to be among the top five strongest typhoons to hit Japan. [38] It was also predicted to interact with a jet stream, enhancing the risk of already concerning flooding. [39] A rare special warning was issued for Kagoshima by the JMA; before Nanmadol, these warnings were never issued outside of Okinawa. Japan Airlines and All Nippon Airways cancelled 700 flights, [40] and train services experienced severe delays. [2] Areas affected by Typhoon Hinnamnor two weeks prior were also anticipated to be under Nanmadol's influence. [41] Overall, nearly 7 million people were ordered to evacuate as the storm approached. [42] Of those 7 million, at least 965,000 were in Miyazaki, Kagoshima, and Amakusa. The highest alert on Japan's warning scale, level five, was issued for the city of Nishinoomote. [43]

Nanmadol passing by Yakushima Island on September 18 Nanmadol 2022-09-18 0445Z.jpg
Nanmadol passing by Yakushima Island on September 18

Throughout the afternoon of September 18, Miyazaki saw over 15 inches of rain (381 mm) fall, where the JMA noted it was "raining like never before". Power lines were downed across affected areas, and at least 190,000 had experienced power outages [44] as Nanmadol passed. In Kagoshima, over 8,000 fled their homes with another 12,000 in evacuation shelters. Prime Minister Fumio Kishida mobilized police, firefighters, self-defense forces and another authorities in affected regions. [45] Several rivers in four prefectures, Kagoshima, Oita, Miyazaki and Kumamoto, went above flood risk levels. 100 dams were pre-discharged to prevent flooding, a higher number than the 76 discharged for Typhoon Haishen. [46] From September 15 to 19, 935 mm (36.8 in) of rainfall fell in Minamigo, and 784 mm (30.9 in) in Morozuka Village, and 669 mm (26.3 in) in Tojo City. [47]

At least 114 people were injured as Nanmadol passed. [48] At least most injuries were minor. [4] A crane from a construction site in Koryo-ocho had broken and nearly fell. Trees were fallen in affected areas, and many houses were damaged, injuring many residents in cities. Cars were trapped in roads due to flooding, and some people had to climb to the roof of their vehicles. A landslide in Tojo city left a road impassable. A nursing home was flooded in Nobeoka city, and temporary shelter buildings were blown away in Miyazaki city. In the latter city's prefecture, a month's worth of rain was dumped in a day. [49] [48] The highest rainfall total reached more than 39 inches of rainfall in Misato Town. [50] Higher-risk reinsurance arrangements were affected by Nanmadol. [51] At least four people were reported as killed in the country. [52]

South Korea

Although South Korea was not directly hit by the typhoon, [53] the winds and rain caused by Nanmadol also caused inconvenience. Two people were injured, fallen trees were reported, and some locations in the southeast of the country were left without electricity. [3] [54] Nanmadol brought heavy rains in the Southeastern Gyeongsang. [55] 7,000 households also experienced a power outages. [3] Over 50 vessels in 43 routes were suspended. [55] President Yoon Suk-yeol instructed his officials to maintain readiness on the storm. [56] In Busan, 155 people and 103 households were evacuated from their homes. [3] Schools in Busan and Ulsan transitioned to distance learning due to safety concerns. [57] Some 101 passenger vessels, and over 79 routes in southern coast were suspended. [57]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Q3 Global Catastrophe Recap" (PDF). Aon Benfield . Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  2. 1 2 Traylor, Daniel (2022-09-17). "Japan issues rare special warning as 'violent' Typhoon Nanmadol approaches Kyushu". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 2022-09-16. Retrieved 2022-09-17.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Typhoon Nanmadol brushes past nation's southern region". koreatimes. 2022-09-19. Archived from the original on 2022-09-23. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  4. 1 2 "Typhoon Nanmadol: Storm damages space centre in Japan, 130,000 still lack power". The Indian Express. 2022-09-20. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
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  7. ↑ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 06Z 10 September 2022 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 10 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2017-12-21. Retrieved 10 September 2022. Alt URL
  8. ↑ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 06Z 11 September 2022 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 11 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2017-12-21. Retrieved 11 September 2022. Alt URL
  9. ↑ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 92W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 12 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-09-12. Retrieved 12 September 2022. Alt URL
  10. ↑ Tropical Depression 16W (Sixteen) Warning No. 01 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 12 September 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
  11. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 16W (Sixteen) Warning No. 02 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 13 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 13, 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  12. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 05 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 13 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  13. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name TS 2214 Nanmadol (2214) Upgraded from TD". Japan Meteorological Agency . September 13, 2022. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved September 13, 2022.
  14. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 06 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 14 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  15. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name STS 2214 Nanmadol (2214) Upgraded from TS". Japan Meteorological Agency . September 13, 2022. Archived from the original on September 15, 2022. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
  16. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 09 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 14 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 15, 2022. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  17. 1 2 Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 11 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 15, 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  18. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name TY 2214 Nanmadol (2214) Upgraded from STS". Japan Meteorological Agency . September 15, 2022. Archived from the original on September 15, 2022. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
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  20. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 13 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 16, 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  21. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 14 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 16 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 16, 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  22. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 15 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 16 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 16, 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  23. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 16 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 16 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 16, 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  24. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name TY 2214 Nanmadol (2214)". Japan Meteorological Agency . September 16, 2022. Archived from the original on September 17, 2022. Retrieved September 17, 2022.
  25. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #1F for Super Typhoon 'Josie' (Nanmadol)" (PDF). PAGASA . 16 September 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 September 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022. Alt URL
  26. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 17 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 16 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 17, 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  27. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 20 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 17 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 17, 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  28. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 21 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 17 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 18, 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  29. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 22 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 18 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 18, 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  30. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 23 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 18 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 18, 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  31. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 24 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 18 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 18, 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  32. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 25 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 18 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  33. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name STS 2214 Nanmadol (2214) Downgraded from TY". Japan Meteorological Agency . September 16, 2022. Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
  34. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 26 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 19 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  35. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 27 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 19 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  36. ↑ Tropical Storm 16W (Nanmadol) Warning No. 29 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 19 September 2022. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  37. ↑ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name Developed Low Former STS 2214 Nanmadol (2214)". Japan Meteorological Agency . September 20, 2022. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
  38. ↑ Duff, Renee (September 16, 2022). "Japan braces for flooding, destructive winds from Super Typhoon Nanmadol". Archived from the original on September 16, 2022. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
  39. ↑ Wulfeck, Andrew (2022-09-16). "Super typhoon takes aim at Japan with life-threatening flooding, damaging winds". FOX Weather. Archived from the original on 2022-09-16. Retrieved 2022-09-17.
  40. ↑ 日本放送協会. "台風14号【交通】新幹線 運転取りやめ拡大へ 空の欠航700便超 | NHK". NHKニュース. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
  41. ↑ Yoon, John (2022-09-17). "Japan Warns 'Violent Typhoon' Could Hit on Sunday". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-09-17. Retrieved 2022-09-17.
  42. ↑ AFP (2022-09-18). "Rare 'special warning' issued as violent typhoon makes landfall in Japan". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
  43. ↑ Hauser, Jessie Yeung,Sahar Akbarzai,Jennifer (2022-09-18). "Millions told to evacuate as Typhoon Nanmadol heads for Japan". CNN. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ↑ Hida, Hikari; Yoon, John (2022-09-18). "Powerful Typhoon Thrashes Japan, With Millions Told to Evacuate". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
  45. ↑ Bacon, John. "'Raining like never before': Thousands flee as Typhoon Nanmadol slams Japanese coast". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
  46. ↑ 日本放送協会. "台風14号【氾濫危険水位超の河川】(19日0:30) | NHK". NHKニュース. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
  47. ↑ 日本放送協会. "台風14号 九州ほぼ全域が暴風域 中国 四国地方も雨風強まる | NHK". NHKニュース. Archived from the original on 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
  48. 1 2 "Four feared dead after typhoon hits Japan". www.dhakatribune.com. 2022-09-20. Archived from the original on 2022-09-20. Retrieved 2022-09-20.
  49. ↑ 日本放送協会. "台風14号【各地の被害】全国で43人けが 突風による被害も | NHK". NHKニュース. Archived from the original on 2022-09-19. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
  50. ↑ Zach, Rosenthal (September 19, 2022). "Typhoon Nanmadol slams into Japan, killing at least two". The Washington Post .
  51. ↑ Artemis.bm, Steven Evans- (2022-09-20). "Typhoon Nanmadol loss likely to attach some reinsurance layers: Twelve - Artemis.bm". Artemis.bm - The Catastrophe Bond, Insurance Linked Securities & Investment, Reinsurance Capital, Alternative Risk Transfer and Weather Risk Management site. Archived from the original on 2022-09-20. Retrieved 2022-09-20.
  52. ↑ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Japan cleans up after Typhoon Nanmadol leaves 4 dead | DW | 20.09.2022". DW.COM. Archived from the original on 2022-09-24. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  53. ↑ Woo-hyun, Shim (2022-09-19). "Typhoon Nanmadol hits southern coastal areas of S. Korea". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  54. ↑ "1 person injured, hundreds evacuated as Typhoon Nanmadol nears". Korea Herald. September 19, 2022. Archived from the original on 19 September 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  55. 1 2 "One injured, hundreds evacuated in Korea as Typhoon Nanmadol approaches". koreajoongangdaily.joins.com. 2022-09-19. Archived from the original on 2022-09-25. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  56. ↑ 박보람 (2022-09-18). "(LEAD) Yoon calls for thorough readiness for Typhoon Nanmadol". Yonhap News Agency. Archived from the original on 2022-09-19. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  57. 1 2 장동우 (2022-09-19). "(2nd LD) 2 people injured, hundreds evacuated as Typhoon Nanmadol brushes past S. Korea". Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
Typhoon Nanmadol (Josie)
Nanmadol 2022-09-16 1700Z (Black Marble Nighttime).jpg
Nanmadol at peak intensity on September 16
Tropical cyclones of the 2022 Pacific typhoon season
2022 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
TD
TD
TD
01W
VSTY
Malakas
TS
Megi
TD
TD
TY
Chaba
TS
Aere
TD
TD
TS
Songda
TS
Trases
TD
08W
TS
Mulan
TS
Meari
TD
TD
STS
Ma-on
TY
Tokage
TD
TD
VITY
Hinnamnor
TD
Gardo
VSTY
Muifa
TY
Merbok
VITY
Nanmadol
TS
Talas
VSTY
Noru
STS
Kulap
TD
TD
TY
Roke
TD
Maymay
TD
21W
TS
Sonca
TY
Nesat
TS
Haitang
TD
Obet
STS
Nalgae
TS
Banyan
TS
Yamaneko
TS
Pakhar
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