UX Tauri

Last updated
UX Tauri
UX Tauri A.jpg
An artist's conception of a circumstellar disk around UX Tauri A, along with several hypothetical protoplanets.
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Taurus
Right ascension 04h 30m 03.99626s [1]
Declination +18° 13 49.4355 [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)+10.80 [2]
Characteristics
Spectral type K2Ve + M1Ve [3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)22.90 [4]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 17.18 [1]   mas/yr
Dec.: -21.91 [1]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)-3.70 [1]  ± 5.73  mas
Distance 450  ly
(138  pc)
Details [5]
UX Tauri A
Mass 1.25  M
Luminosity 1.3  L
Surface gravity (log g)4.0  cgs
Temperature 4460  K
Age 3  Myr
UX Tauri B
Mass 0.4  M
Luminosity0.5  L
Surface gravity (log g)3.5  cgs
Temperature 3500  K
Age 1  Myr
Other designations
UX Tau, HD 285846, HIP 20990, WDS J04301+1814AB, CCDM J04301+1814AB, 1RXS J043004.5+181342
Database references
SIMBAD data
A visual band light curve for UX Tauri, plotted from ASAS-SN data UXTauLightCurve.png
A visual band light curve for UX Tauri, plotted from ASAS-SN data

UX Tauri, abbreviated as UX Tau, is a binary star system approximately 450 light-years away in the constellation of Taurus (the Bull). It is notable for the fact that, despite its recent (in stellar terms) creation, the Spitzer Space Telescope discovered that its protoplanetary disk contains a gap. The dust, which normally accumulates in an expanding ring starting right next to the star at such a young age, is either very thin or nonexistent at a range of 0.2 to 56 AU from the star. Typically, this means that the early ancestors of planets may be forming from the disk, though the star only ignited about 1 million years ago. [7] In contrast, Earth was formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago, placing its formation about sixty million years after the Sun's ignition around 4.6 billion years ago.

Contents

See also

Related Research Articles

Alpha Sextantis is the brightest star in the equatorial constellation of Sextans. It is visible to the naked eye on a dark night with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.49. The distance to this star, as determined from parallax measurements, is around 280 light years. This is considered an informal "equator star", as it lies less than a quarter of a degree south of the celestial equator. In 1900, it was 7 minutes of arc north of the equator. As a result of a shift in the Earth's axial tilt, it crossed over to the Southern Hemisphere in December 1923.

Alcyone (star) Star system in the constellation Taurus

Alcyone, designated η Tauri, is a multiple star system in the constellation of Taurus. Approximately 440 light-years from the Sun, it is the brightest star in the Pleiades open cluster, which is a young cluster, around 100 million years old. There are a number of fainter stars very close to Alcyone, all likely members of the same cluster.

Zeta Tauri Binary star in the constellation Taurus

Zeta Tauri is a binary star in the zodiac constellation of Taurus, the Bull. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.0, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Parallax measurements place it at a distance of roughly 440 light-years from the Sun.

Kappa Tauri is a double star in the constellation Taurus, the two components κ1 Tauri and κ2 Tauri both members of the Hyades open cluster. The pair are approximately 150 light years from Earth and are separated from each other by about six light years.

Iota Tauri Star in the constellation Taurus

Iota Tauri, Latinized from ι Tauri, is a white-hued star in the zodiac constellation Taurus and an outlying member of the Hyades star cluster. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.62, and is located at an estimated distance of about 173 light years based upon parallax measurements. The star is moving away from the Sun with a radial velocity of +38 km/s.

Rho Tauri Star in the constellation Taurus

Rho Tauri is a star in the constellation Taurus and a member of the Hyades star cluster.

Tau Virginis Star in the constellation Virgo

Tau Virginis is a single star in the zodiac constellation Virgo. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.28, it is faintly visible to the naked eye. The distance to Tau Virginis, based upon parallax measurements, is approximately 225 light years with a margin of error of ±3 light years.

Psi Centauri Binary star system in the constellation Centaurus

Psi Centauri, which is Latinized from ψ Centauri, is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. It is visible to the naked eye with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of +4.05. The distance to this system is approximately 259 light years based on parallax. The radial velocity is poorly constrained, but it appears to be slowly drifting away from the Sun at the rate of +2 km/s.

HD 113703, also known by the Bayer designation f Centauri, is a multiple star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. The combined apparent visual magnitude of this system is +4.71, which is sufficient to make it faintly visible to the naked eye. The distance to this system is approximately 390 light years based on parallax measurements. It is a member of the Lower Centaurus Crux subgroup of the Scorpius–Centaurus Association.

HD 126271 is a suspected variable star in the northern constellation of Boötes.

SU Aurigae Star in the constellation Auriga

SU Aurigae is a T Tauri-type variable star in the constellation Auriga. It is located about 500 light-years away in the Taurus-Auriga Star Forming Region. Its apparent magnitude is 9.30, which is dim enough that it cannot be seen with the unaided eye.

ε Gruis, Latinised as Epsilon Gruis, is a blue-white hued star in the southern constellation of Grus. It is visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 3.5. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 25.30 mas as measured from Earth, it is located around 129 light years from the Sun. The system may be moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of about −0.4 km/s.

90 Tauri is a star in the zodiac constellation of Taurus, located 144 light-years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.27. 90 Tauri is a member of the Hyades cluster and is listed as a double star.

11 Puppis Star in the constellation Puppis

11 Puppis is a single star in the southern constellation of Puppis, located approximately 522 light years away based on parallax. It has the Bayer designation j Puppis; 11 Puppis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-white star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.20. It is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +13.3 km/s.

HD 50235 Star in the constellation Puppis

HD 50235 is a class K5III star located approximately 811 light years away, in the constellation Puppis. Its apparent magnitude is 4.99. HD 50235 made its closest approach to the Sun 7.8 million years ago, at the distance of 137 light years, during which it had an apparent magnitude of 1.13.

114 Tauri, or o Tauri, is a single, blue-white hued star in the zodiac constellation of Taurus. It is a faint star but visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.88. The distance to this star, as determined from its annual parallax shift of 5.22±0.21 mas, is roughly 620 light years. It is moving further from the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of 16.5 km/s, having come as close as 240 ly (75 pc) some 9.6 million years ago. It is a member of the Cas-Tau OB association of co-moving stars, and has a peculiar velocity of 8.3 km/s.

132 Tauri is a binary star system in the constellation Taurus. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.89. Based upon a poorly-constrained annual parallax shift of 8.97±1.98 mas, it is located roughly 360 light years from the Sun. The system is moving further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of +16 km/s. It lies near the ecliptic and thus is subject to occultation by the Moon. One such event was observed September 3, 1991.

134 Tauri is a single star in the zodiac constellation of Taurus. Its apparent magnitude is 4.89, which is bright enough to be faintly visible to the naked eye. The distance to this star, based upon an annual parallax shift of 13.11±0.33 mas, is around 249 light years. The star is moving further from the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of +20.5 km/s, having made its closest approach some three million years ago at a distance of 107 ly (32.7 pc).

5 Serpentis is a wide binary star system in Serpens Caput, the western section of the equatorial constellation of Serpens. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.10. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 39.40±0.29 mas as viewed from Earth's orbit, it is located 83 light years away. The brighter member is an IAU radial velocity standard star, and it is moving away from the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of +54.3 km/s. The system made its closest approach to the Sun about 153,000 years ago at a separation of 68 ly (20.7 pc).

AC Herculis Star in the constellation Hercules

AC Herculis, is an RV Tauri variable and spectroscopic binary star in the constellation of Hercules. It varies in brightness between apparent magnitudes 6.85 and 9.0.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID   18759600. Vizier catalog entry
  2. "UX Tau". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  3. Herbig, G. H. (1977). "Radial velocities and spectral types of T Tauri stars". Astrophysical Journal. 214: 747–758. Bibcode:1977ApJ...214..747H. doi:10.1086/155304.
  4. Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv: 1606.08053 . Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065. S2CID   119231169.
  5. Magazzu, A. (1991). "Lithium in the pre-main sequence triple system UX Tauri". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 249 (1): 149–155. Bibcode:1991A&A...249..149M.
  6. "ASAS-SN Variable Stars Database". ASAS-SN Variable Stars Database. ASAS-SN. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  7. NASA - Youthful Star Sprouts Planets Early