Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 | |
---|---|
Constellation | Taurus |
Right ascension | 03h 45m 12.49578s [1] |
Declination | 24° 28′ 02.2097″ [1] |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 4.30 [2] |
Characteristics | |
Spectral type | B6IV + ? [3] |
U−B color index | -0.48 [4] |
B−V color index | -0.12 [4] |
Astrometry | |
Radial velocity (Rv) | 10.1 [2] km/s |
Proper motion (μ) | RA: 21.24 ± 0.38 [1] mas/yr Dec.: -40.56 ± 0.35 [1] mas/yr |
Parallax (π) | 7.97 ± 0.33 mas [1] |
Distance | 440 ly (135 pc) |
Details | |
Taygeta | |
Mass | 4.5 [5] M☉ |
Luminosity | 600 [5] L☉ |
19 Tauri Ab | |
Mass | 3.2 [5] M☉ |
Luminosity | 150 [5] L☉ |
Other designations | |
Database references | |
SIMBAD | data |
Taygeta is a double star in the constellation of Taurus and a member of the Pleiades open star cluster (M45).
It consists of a binary pair designated 19 Tauri A together with a single star visual companion, 19 Tauri B. 'A's' two components are themselves designated 19 Tauri Aa (officially named Taygeta /teɪˈɪdʒətə/ , [6] the traditional name for the entire system) [7] and Ab.
Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, 19 Tauri A is approximately 440 light-years from the Sun.
19 Tauri is the system's Flamsteed designation. It also bears the little-used Bayer designation q Tauri. The designations of the two constituents as 19 Tauri A and B, and those of A's components - 19 Tauri Aa and Ab - derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). [8]
The system bore the traditional name Taygeta (or Taygete). [9] Taygete was one of the Pleiades sisters in Greek mythology. In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) [10] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Taygeta for the component 19 Tauri Aa on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names. [7]
Taygeta presents as a blue-white B-type subgiant with an apparent magnitude of +4.30. It is a spectroscopic binary, whose component stars have magnitudes of +4.6 and +6.1. They are separated by 0.012 arcseconds and complete one orbit every 1313 days.
The 8th magnitude visual companion, 19 Tauri B, is 69 arcseconds away. It is thought to be a yellow star somewhat more massive and larger than the Sun, and further away than the Pleiades cluster. [11]
Taygeta was once reported to be variable, [12] but has since been measured to be one of the least variable of stars. [13] [14]
Beta Centauri is a triple star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. It is officially called Hadar. The Bayer designation of Beta Centauri is Latinised from β Centauri, and abbreviated Beta Cen or β Cen. The system's combined apparent visual magnitude of 0.61 makes it the second-brightest object in Centaurus and the eleventh brightest star in the night sky. According to parallax measurements from the astrometric Hipparcos satellite, the distance to this system is about 390 light-years.
Castor is the second-brightest object in the zodiac constellation of Gemini. It has the Bayer designation α Geminorum, which is Latinised to Alpha Geminorum and abbreviated Alpha Gem or α Gem. With an apparent visual magnitude of 1.58, it is one of the brightest stars in the night sky. Castor appears singular to the naked eye, but it is actually a sextuple star system organized into three binary pairs. Although it is the 'α' (alpha) member of the constellation, it is half a magnitude fainter than 'β' (beta) Geminorum, Pollux.
Atlas, designation 27 Tauri, is a triple star system in the constellation of Taurus. It is a member of the Pleiades, an open star cluster (M45). It is 431 light-years away, and is 3.92 degrees north of the ecliptic.
Epsilon Scorpii, formally named Larawag, is a star in the southern zodiac constellation of Scorpius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +2.3, making it the fifth-brightest member of the constellation. Parallax measurements made during the Hipparcos mission provide an estimated distance to this star of around 63.7 light-years from the Sun.
Alpha Piscium (α Piscium) is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Pisces. Based upon parallax measurements made by the Hipparcos spacecraft, it is about 151 light-years from the Solar System.
Alpha Vulpeculae, officially named Anser, is the brightest star in the constellation of Vulpecula. It is approximately 291 light-years from Earth. It forms a wide optical binary with 8 Vulpeculae.
Beta Cancri, also named Tarf, is the brightest star in the zodiacal constellation of Cancer. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +3.5 and an absolute magnitude of −1.2. Based on parallax measurements obtained by the Gaia spacecraft, it is approximately 323 light-years distant from the Sun. An exoplanet, designated Beta Cancri b, is believed to be orbiting the star.
Omicron Persei is a triple star system in the constellation of Perseus. From parallax measurements taken during the Hipparcos mission it is approximately 1,100 light-years from the Sun.
Alcyone, designated η Tauri, is a star in the constellation of Taurus. Approximately 440 light-years from the Sun, it is the brightest star in the Pleiades open cluster, which is a young cluster, around 100 million years old. There are a number of fainter stars very close to Alcyone, some of which are members of the same cluster.
Zeta Tauri is a binary star in the zodiac constellation of Taurus, the Bull. It has an apparent visual magnitude of about 3.0, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Parallax measurements place it at a distance of roughly 440 light-years from the Sun.
Theta Tauri is a wide double star in the constellation of Taurus and a member of the Hyades open cluster.
Merope, designated 23 Tauri, is a star in the constellation of Taurus and a member of the Pleiades star cluster. It is approximately 440 light-years (135 pc) away.
Pleione is a binary star and the seventh-brightest star in the Pleiades star cluster. It has the variable star designation BU Tauri and the Flamsteed designation 28 Tauri. The star is located approximately 138 parsecs from the Sun, appearing in the constellation of Taurus. Pleione is located close on the sky to the brighter star Atlas, so is difficult for stargazers to distinguish with the naked eye despite being a fifth magnitude star.
46 Leonis Minoris, also named Praecipua, is the brightest star in the constellation of Leo Minor. It is of spectral class K0+III-IV and of magnitude 3.83. It is a red clump giant. Based upon parallax measurements, its distance from the Sun is approximately 99.1 light-years. It is a suspected variable with an amplitude of about 0.05 magnitudes.
Theta Aurigae is a binary star in the constellation of Auriga. Based upon parallax measurements, the distance to this system is about 166 light-years.
Sigma Librae is a binary star in the constellation of Libra. The apparent visual magnitude is +3.29, making it visible to the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, this system is at a distance of roughly 260 light-years from the Sun, with a 2% margin of error. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by 0.20 ± 0.17 from extinction caused by intervening gas and dust.
Beta Piscium or β Piscium, formally named Fumalsamakah, is a blue-white hued star in the zodiac constellation of Pisces. Its apparent magnitude is 4.40, meaning it can be faintly seen with the naked eye. Based on parallax measurements taken during the Hipparcos mission, it is about 410 light-years distant from the Sun.
Beta Cephei is a triple star system of the third magnitude in the constellation of Cepheus. Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 690 light-years distant from the Sun. It is the prototype of the Beta Cephei variable stars.
Tau Pegasi, formally named Salm, is a magnitude 4.6 star 162 light years away in the constellation of Pegasus. With about twice the mass of the Sun and thirty times as luminous, it is a δ Scuti variable star with its brightness changing by a few hundredths of a magnitude over about an hour.
Delta Cygni is a binary star of a combined third-magnitude in the constellation of Cygnus. It is also part of the Northern Cross asterism whose brightest star is Deneb. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, Delta Cygni is located roughly 165 light-years distant from the Sun.