XZ Tauri

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XZ Tauri
XZTauLightCurve.png
A visual band light curve for XZ Tauri. The main plot shows the long-term variability, and the inset shows the year 2000 superflare on the north star. Adapted from Dodin et al. (2016) [1] and Coffey et al. (2004). [2]
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Taurus
Right ascension 04h 31m 40.08690s [3]
Declination +18° 13′ 56.6424″ [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.40 [4]
Characteristics
Spectral type M2.0 + M3.5 [5]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)RA: 9.1 [6] mas/yr
Dec.: −17.8 [6] mas/yr
Distance 460  ly
(140 [7]   pc)
Orbit [8]
PrimaryA [a]
CompanionB
Period (P)155  yr
Semi-major axis (a)0.172+0.002
−0.003″
Eccentricity (e)0.742+0.025
−0.034
Inclination (i)0.0°
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		−42.2+2.0
−4.7°
Details [5]
A [a]
Mass 0.37  M☉
Radius 1.1  R☉
Luminosity 0.17  L☉
B
Mass 0.29  M☉
Radius 1.7  R☉
Luminosity0.31  L☉
Temperature 3,550 [7]   K
Age 4.6 [7]   Myr
Other designations
XZ Tau, GSC 01269-00171 [9]
Database references
SIMBAD data

XZ Tauri is a binary system approximately 460 light-years away in the constellation Taurus. The system consists of two T Tauri stars orbiting each other about 6 billion kilometers apart (roughly the same distance as Pluto is from the Sun). The system made news in 2000 when a superflare was observed in the system.

Contents

A third star, component C, has been observed at a separation of 0.09″ , but subsequent observations failed to find it. [10] [8] The T Tauri star HL Tauri, 23″ away, is also sometimes listed as a companion. [9]

The discovery by Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn, that XZ Tauri is a variable star, was announced in 1928. [11]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Sources vary on their definitions of the primary and secondary components. A is defined here as the more massive component, with a lower temperature but higher luminosity. Other sources refer to the components as north and south, [2] or Aa and Ab. [9] The southerly star Ab is generally brighter at optical wavelengths and more massive, but is less luminous.

References

  1. ↑ Dodin, A. V.; Emelyanov, N. V.; Zharova, A. V.; Lamzin, S. A.; Malogolovets, E. V.; Roe, J. M. (January 2016). "Orbital motions and light curves of young binaries XZ Tau and VY Tau". Astronomy Letters. 42 (1): 29–40. arXiv: 1509.04966 . Bibcode:2016AstL...42...29D. doi:10.1134/S1063773716010035. S2CID   118495210.
  2. 1 2 Coffey, D.; Downes, T. P.; Ray, T. P. (May 2004). "The evolution and simulation of the outburst from XZ Tauri – A possible EXor?". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 419 (2): 593–598. arXiv: astro-ph/0402635 . Bibcode:2004A&A...419..593C. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20034316 . S2CID   17421498.
  3. 1 2 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. ↑ Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
  5. 1 2 Hartigan, Patrick; Kenyon, Scott J. (January 2003). "A Spectroscopic Survey of Subarcsecond Binaries in the Taurus-Auriga Dark Cloud with the Hubble Space Telescope". The Astrophysical Journal. 583 (1): 334–357. arXiv: astro-ph/0209608 . Bibcode:2003ApJ...583..334H. doi:10.1086/345293. S2CID   10433035.
  6. 1 2 Zacharias, N.; Urban, S. E.; Zacharias, M. I.; Wycoff, G. L.; Hall, D. M.; Germain, M. E.; Holdenried, E. R.; Winter, L. (2003). "UCAC2 Catalogue (Zacharias+ 2004)". Vizier Online Data Catalog. Bibcode:2003yCat.1289....0Z.
  7. 1 2 3 Osorio, Mayra; et al. (July 2016). "A Dwarf Transitional Protoplanetary Disk around XZ Tau B". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 825 (1): 6. arXiv: 1606.03118 . Bibcode:2016ApJ...825L..10O. doi: 10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L10 . S2CID   59585588. L10.
  8. 1 2 Ichikawa, Takanori; Kido, Miyu; Takaishi, Daisuke; Shimajiri, Yoshito; Tsukamoto, Yusuke; Takakuwa, Shigehisa (2021). "Misaligned Circumstellar Disks and Orbital Motion of the Young Binary XZ Tau". The Astrophysical Journal. 919 (1): 55. arXiv: 2106.11924 . Bibcode:2021ApJ...919...55I. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0dc3 . S2CID   235593373.
  9. 1 2 3 "XZ Tau". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2020-12-09.
  10. ↑ Osorio, Mayra; MacÍas, Enrique; Anglada, Guillem; Carrasco-González, Carlos; Galván-Madrid, Roberto; Zapata, Luis; Calvet, Nuria; Gómez, José F.; Nagel, Erick; Rodríguez, Luis F.; Torrelles, José M.; Zhu, Zhaohuan (2016). "A Dwarf Transitional Protoplanetary Disk Around Xz Tau B". The Astrophysical Journal. 825 (1): L10. arXiv: 1606.03118 . Bibcode:2016ApJ...825L..10O. doi: 10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L10 . S2CID   59585588.
  11. ↑ Beljawsky, S. (October 1928). "23 neue veränderliche Sterne. (Dritte Reihe) (in German)". Astronomische Nachrichten. 234: 41–45. Bibcode:1928AN....234...41B. doi:10.1002/asna.19282340305 . Retrieved 31 August 2025.
  12. ↑ "Jets, bubbles, and bursts of light in Taurus". www.spacetelescope.org. ESA/Hubble. Retrieved 6 November 2014.
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