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The Pomo are a Native American people of California. Historical Pomo territory in Northern California was large, bordered by the Pacific Coast to the west, extending inland to Clear Lake, and mainly between Cleone and Duncans Point. One small group, the Tceefoka, lived in the vicinity of present-day Stonyford in Colusa County, separated from the core Pomo area by lands inhabited by Yuki and Wintuan speakers.
The Pomoan, or Pomo, languages are a small family of seven languages indigenous to northern California spoken by the Pomo people, whose ancestors lived in the valley of the Russian River and the Clear Lake basin. Four languages are extinct, and all surviving languages except Kashaya have fewer than ten speakers.
Gualala is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County in the U.S. state of California. It is located north of The Sea Ranch and south of Point Arena, California. Gualala shares its southern border with the southern border of Mendocino County. It is located on the Pacific coast at the mouth of the Gualala River, on State Route 1. It serves as a commercial center for the surrounding area. Gualala was once a logging town, but tourism is now its central economic activity.
Hopland is a census-designated place in Mendocino County, California, United States. It is located on the west bank of the Russian River 13 miles (21 km) south-southeast of Ukiah, in the Sanel Valley, at an elevation of 502 feet (153 m). The population was 661 at the 2020 census, down from 756 at the 2010 census.
Ukiah Valley is a valley located in Mendocino County, California, United States. It contains the Mendocino County seat of Ukiah. It also is home to the unincorporated towns of Redwood Valley, Calpella, Potter Valley and Talmage. Lake Mendocino and the headwaters of the Russian River are located in the greater Ukiah valley. The river flows southeast through the valley, passing through a rocky constriction into the Sanel Valley to the south.
The Hopland Band of Pomo Indians of the Hopland Rancheria is a federally recognized tribe of Pomo people in Mendocino County, California, south of Ukiah. The Hopland Band Pomos traditionally lived in the Sanel Valley.
Bokea is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California, one of a number of Pomo settlements catalogued by Stephen Powers. It was located in Rancheria Valley; its precise location is unknown.
Buldam is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California. It was located on the north bank of Big River, near the mouth of the river and east of the present town of Mendocino; its precise location is unknown. Following the standard conventions of the Pomo people, in which a community of the Pomo was named by adding "-pomo" to the name of their principal site, the community at Buldam was called Buldam-pomo.
Chomchadila is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California. It was located southwest of Calpella, and Calpella was named after a chief of Chomdadila. Its precise location is unknown.
Dapishul is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California, one of a number of Pomo settlements catalogued by Stephen Powers. It was located in Redwood Valley; its precise location was near Mariposa creek and the Russian River on the eastern bank above the flood plain. In the language of the Pomo, "dapishul" means "high sun", referring a location that is cool and shaded by canyon walls, with the sun only visible when it is high in the sky.
Flumeville, now more commonly known as Rollerville or Rollerville Junction, is an archaic placename in Mendocino County, California. It is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north-northwest of Point Arena, at an elevation of 190 feet.
Lema is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California, one of a number of Pomo settlements catalogued by Stephen Powers. It was 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of Hopland. One of the mines of red clay from which the Pomo people took their name was located there.
Masut was a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California, It was located 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of Calpella. The same name was also given to a band of the Pomo people associated with the settlement.
Moiya is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California. It was located near Hopland; its precise location is unknown.
Noyo is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the center of Fort Bragg, at an elevation of 108 feet. It is named after the Noyo River, on which it lies; the Noyo River in turn was misnamed by white settlers to the Mendocino area after a village of the Pomo people named Noyo several miles north, on Pudding Creek. The Pomo named the creek after their village, and the settlers transferred the name to the larger river to the south.
Pomo is an archaic place name in Mendocino County, California. It was located 1.25 miles (2 km) southeast of Potter Valley, at an elevation of 942 feet.
Shiegho is a former Pomo settlement in Mendocino County, California. It was located near Hopland; its precise location is unknown.
Cahto is a former settlement in Mendocino County, California. It was located 3 miles (4.8 km) southwest of Laytonville.
Rancho Sanel was a 17,754-acre (71.85 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Mendocino County, California, given in 1844 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to Fernando Feliz. The grant extended along the Russian River and encompassed present-day Hopland. It is named after a village of the Pomo people near Hopland; the name means sweat-house in the Pomo language. Neither Spanish nor Mexican influence extended into Mendocino County beyond establishing two ranchos in southern Mendocino County: Rancho Sanel in the Sanel Valley in 1844 and Rancho Yokaya in the Ukiah Valley in 1845.
The Sanel Valley in Mendocino County, California, is a valley along the Russian River containing the town of Hopland. The river flows through the valley for approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) from the northeast to the southwest, and it is met near Hopland by two tributaries, Feliz Creek on the west side of the river and McDowell Creek on the east. The valley is approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) wide, and covers an area of 8.4 square miles (22 km2).
References
- ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Ubakhea, California
- ↑ Hodge, Frederick Webb, ed. (1910), Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, Part 2, Bulletin of the Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology, vol. 30, Washington, Govt. print. off, p. 861
- ↑ Barrett, Samuel Alfred (1908), The Ethno-geography of the Pomo and Neighboring Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, vol. 1, University of California Press, p. 178
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