Union for Europe of the Nations | |
---|---|
European Parliament group | |
Formal name | Union for Europe of the Nations Group [1] |
Ideology | |
Political position | Right-wing [8] [9] [10] |
European parties | Alliance for Europe of the Nations |
From | 20 July 1999 [11] [12] |
To | 1 July 2009 |
Preceded by | Union for Europe |
Chaired by | Charles Pasqua, [1] (99-04) Brian Crowley, [13] (04-09) Cristiana Muscardini, [14] (04-09) |
MEP(s) | 31 [15] (20 July 1999) 30 [16] (22 July 1999) 23 [17] (30 April 2004) 30 [18] (5 May 2004) 27 [19] [20] (4 June 2004) 27 [15] [21] (20 July 2004) 44 [22] [23] (10 February 2008) 35 [24] [25] (11 June 2009) |
Website | uengroup.org |
Union for Europe of the Nations (UEN) [26] [27] was a national-conservative, Eurosceptic political group that operated in the European Parliament between 1999 and 2009. At its height in February 2008, it had 44 MEPs. UEN was affiliated with the Alliance for Europe of the Nations political party.
UEN was formed as the successor of the Union for Europe group. Its members were parties such as the Rally for France, Italian National Alliance and Lega Nord, Irish Fianna Fáil, and Polish Law and Justice. After the 2009 European Parliament election, UEN was dissolved due to its member parties opting to switch to other groups.
UEN was formed on 20 July 1999 [11] for the 5th European Parliament, supplanting the earlier Union for Europe. [5] Its member parties Fianna Fáil (FF) and the National Alliance (AN) were the driving forces behind the group, despite their being alone in the group in their support for the proposed European Constitution. Gianfranco Fini, leader of AN, was a member of the Convention which drafted the Constitution, while Bertie Ahern, leader of FF, negotiated the treaty as President of the European Council in 2004.
UEN was a heterogeneous group: broadly Eurosceptic and national-conservative, it included some parties which were either uncomfortable with this characterisation or eventually evolved into something different. More specifically, FF was a "catch all" centre-right party and later joined the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, AN was a conservative party which eventually joined the European People's Party through The People of Freedom, and Lega Nord was supportive of a "Europe of Regions". [28]
After the 2009 European elections the group officially had 35 members but this figure included parties such as AN and FF, which had already committed to leave. [29] UEN members migrated to other groups after the elections in June 2009 and before the Seventh European Parliament term started on 14 July 2009. FF had already left for the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) Group, For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK and Law and Justice MEPs went to the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) Group, and Lega Nord, the Danish People's Party and Order and Justice MEPs went to Europe of Freedom and Democracy (EFD) Group. With this loss of members, the UEN group was dissolved by default.
Country | Name | Ideology | MEPs | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
France | Rally for France | RPF | Gaullism National conservatism | 12 / 87 | |
Italy | National Alliance | AN | National conservatism Post-fascism | 8 / 87 | |
Segni Pact | PS | Christian democracy Economic liberalism | 1 / 87 | ||
Ireland | Fianna Fáil | FF | Irish republicanism Conservatism | 6 / 15 | |
Portugal | CDS – People's Party | CDS–PP | Conservatism Christian democracy | 2 / 25 | |
Denmark | Danish People's Party | DF | Danish nationalism Right-wing populism | 1 / 16 |
Country | Name | Ideology | MEPs [22] [23] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Denmark | Danish People's Party | DF | Danish nationalism Right-wing populism | 1 / 14 | |
Ireland | Fianna Fáil | FF | Irish republicanism Conservatism | 4 / 13 | |
Italy | National Alliance | AN | National conservatism Post-fascism | 8 / 78 | |
Lega Nord | LN | Regionalism Right-wing populism | 4 / 78 | ||
The Right | LD | Neo-fascism National conservatism | 1 / 78 | ||
Latvia | For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK | TB/LNNK | National conservatism Economic liberalism | 4 / 9 | |
Lithuania | Lithuanian Peasant Popular Union | LVLS | Social conservatism Agrarianism | 1 / 13 | |
Order and Justice | TT | National conservatism Right-wing populism | 1 / 13 | ||
Poland | Law and Justice | PiS | National conservatism Right-wing populism | 8 / 54 | |
League of Polish Families | LPR | National conservatism Political Catholicism | 5 / 54 | ||
Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland | SRP | Agrarian socialism Left-wing populism | 3 / 54 | ||
Polish People's Party "Piast" | PSL Piast | Christian democracy Agrarianism | 3 / 54 |
Country | Name | Ideology | MEPs [24] [25] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Denmark | Danish People's Party | DF | Danish nationalism Right-wing populism | 2 / 13 | |
Poland | Law and Justice | PiS | National conservatism Right-wing populism | 15 / 50 | |
Italy | Lega Nord | LN | Regionalism Right-wing populism | 9 / 72 | |
Ireland | Fianna Fáil | FF | Conservatism Populism | 3 / 12 | |
Latvia | For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK | TB/LNNK | National conservatism Economic liberalism | 1 / 9 | |
Lithuania | Order and Justice | TT | National conservatism Right-wing populism | 2 / 12 | |
Slovakia | Slovak National Party | SNS | Ultranationalism Right-wing populism | 1 / 13 |
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union, it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 705 members (MEPs), due to rise to 720 after the June 2024 European elections. It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world, with an electorate of around 375 million eligible voters in 2024; India's electorate is 968 million.
The European Free Alliance (EFA) is a European political party that consists of various regionalist, separatist and minority political parties in Europe. Member parties advocate either for full political independence and sovereignty, or some form of devolution or self-governance for their country or region. The party has generally limited its membership to centre-left and left-wing parties; therefore, only a fraction of European regionalist parties are members of the EFA.
The 1999 European Parliament election was a European election for all 626 members of the European Parliament held across the 15 European Union member states on 10, 11 and 13 June 1999. The voter turn-out was generally low, except in Belgium and Luxembourg, where voting is compulsory and where national elections were held that same day. This was the first election where Austria, Finland and Sweden voted alongside the other member states, having joined in 1995 and voted separately. The next election was held in 2004.
Independence/Democracy (IND/DEM) was a Eurosceptic political group that operated in the European Parliament between 2004 and 2009. At its height in 2004, it had 37 MEPs and it only existed during the European Parliament's 6th term. It was affiliated with the Eurosceptic Europeans United for Democracy party.
The political groups of the European Parliament are the officially recognised parliamentary groups consisting of legislators of aligned ideologies in the European Parliament.
In the European Parliament, the quaestors are elected to oversee administrative and financial matters directly affecting members (MEPs) as well as other duties assigned to them by the Parliament's Rules of Procedure or the Bureau of the European Parliament. Five quaestors are elected among the MEPs for two and a half year-terms, i.e. half a parliamentary term.
The Alliance for Europe of the Nations was a pan-European political party that gathered conservative and national-conservative political parties from across the continent.
The Alliance of Independent Democrats in Europe (AIDE) was a Eurosceptic, nationalist political party at the European level.
The 2009 European Parliament election was held in the 27 member states of the European Union (EU) between 4 and 7 June 2009. A total of 736 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were elected to represent some 500 million Europeans, making these the biggest trans-national elections in history. An additional 18 observers were pre-elected.
Connacht–Ulster was a constituency of the European Parliament in Ireland between 1979 and 2004. Throughout its history, it elected 3 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) using the single transferable vote (STV) system.
Tonino Picula is a Croatian politician currently serving his third term as a Member of the European Parliament for Croatia, having successfully run in 2013, 2014, and 2019 European elections. He got involved in politics in the early 1990s and had served four consecutive terms as a member of the Croatian Parliament, having been elected in 2000, 2003, 2007, and 2011 parliamentary elections as a member of the center-left Social Democratic Party (SDP). He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2000 to 2003 under prime minister Ivica Račan, and as mayor of Velika Gorica from 2005 to 2009.
The Group of the European Radical Alliance (ERA) was a heterogeneous political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1994 and 1999. It was formed by regionalist parties from the former Rainbow Group, although its largest and dominant member party was the French Energie Radicale.
The European Democratic Alliance was a heterogeneous political group in the European Parliament between 1984 and 1995. It consisted mainly of deputies from the French Gaullist Rally for the Republic (RPR) and the Irish Fianna Fáil. The grouping had a generally centre-right outlook, and strongly defended the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy.
The Group of European Progressive Democrats was a heterogeneous political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1973 and 1984. It was mostly composed of French Gaullists and Irish Fianna Fáil.
The Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe was the liberal–centrist political group of the European Parliament from 2004 until 2019. It was made up of MEPs from two European political parties, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party and the European Democratic Party, which collectively form the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.
Europe of Freedom and Democracy (EFD) was a far-right, Eurosceptic political group that operated in the European Parliament from 2009 to 2014. It was composed of 34 MEPs and it existed during the European Parliament's 7th and 8th terms. After 2011, EFD had a loose relationship with the Movement for a Europe of Liberties and Democracy political party.
The European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) is a soft Eurosceptic, anti-federalist political group of the European Parliament. The ECR is the parliamentary group of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party European political party (formerly known as the Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe or Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, but also includes MEPs from four other European parties and thirteen MEPs without European party affiliation.
The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) is the political group in the European Parliament of the Party of European Socialists (PES). The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats was officially founded as a Socialist Group on 29 June 1953, which makes it the second oldest political group in the European Parliament after the European People's Party Group. It adopted its present-day name on 23 June 2009. Centre-left in orientation, the group mostly comprises social-democratic parties and is affiliated with the Progressive Alliance and Socialist International.
The Alliance for Direct Democracy in Europe, abbreviated to ADDE, was a European political party founded in 2014. It was composed of parties belonging to the Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD) group in the European Parliament (EP). The dominant national party in the ADDE was the UK Independence Party (UKIP), providing 21 of the party's 27 members of the European Parliament (MEPs) elected in 2014. A further three UKIP MEPs chose not to participate in the ADDE. In 2015, the ADDE was recognised by the European Parliament and its grant maximum from the EP was set at €1,241,725, with an additional €730,053 for its affiliated political foundation, the Initiative for Direct Democracy. ADDE was closed down in 2016 after an auditors' inquiry found misspending of EU funds. The party was legally dissolved on 24 May 2017.
Europe of Nations and Freedom was a far-right political group that operated in the European Parliament between 2015 and 2019. It was composed of 37 MEPs and only existed during the European Parliament's 8th term. Most of its MPs were members of the Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom political party.