V762 Cassiopeiae

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V762 Cassiopeiae
V762 Cassiopeiae.png
The location of V762 Cassiopeiae
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cassiopeia
Right ascension 01h 16m 11.902s [1]
Declination +71° 44′ 37.83″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)5.86 [2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Red supergiant [3]
Spectral type K5 I [3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−21.37±0.91 [1]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: -1.658  mas/yr [1]
Dec.: 1.791  mas/yr [1]
Parallax (π)1.3148 ± 0.0693  mas [1]
Distance 2,500 ± 100  ly
(760 ± 40  pc)
Details
Mass 16.9±2.2 [4]   M☉
Radius 192.76+26.3
−29 [5] – 239 [3]   R☉
Luminosity 12,470 [lower-alpha 1] [3]   L☉
Temperature 3869±145 [3]   K
Age 10.0±1.6 [4]   Myr
Other designations
V762 Cas, BD+70 90, HD  7389, HIP  5926, HR  365, SAO  4358, TYC  4305-2038-1 [2]
Database references
SIMBAD data

V762 Cassiopeiae is a K-type red supergiant [3] located about 2,500 light-years away in the Cassiopeia constellation. [2] Its apparent magnitude is 5.86, which makes it visible to the naked eye. [2] It is a relatively cool star with an average surface temperature of 3,869 K. [3]

Contents

Characteristics

A light curve for V762 Cassiopeiae, plotted from Hipparcos data V762CasLightCurve.png
A light curve for V762 Cassiopeiae, plotted from Hipparcos data

This is an evolved K-type red supergiant star with a spectral type of K0 I. [3] It has around 16.9 times the Sun's mass [4] and has expanded to 193 [5] or 239 times the Sun's diameter. [3] It radiates 12,470 times the solar luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3869 K, [3] which gives it an orange-red hue, typical of red supergiants. [7] V762 Cassiopeiae is located 2,480 light-years away, based in a parallax from Gaia DR3, and is moving towards Earth at a velocity of 21.37 km/s. [1] [lower-alpha 2] Its age is estimated to be 10 million years. [4]

Hipparcos satellite data showed that the star is variable, and because of that it was given the variable star designation V762 Cassiopeiae, in 1999. [8] The variability amplitude in visible light is only about 0.1 magnitudes. The International Variable Star Index lists it as an irregular variable, [9] but the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) classifies it as a BY Draconis star. [10] The designation of GCVS is likely erroneous, since BY Draconis variability is a characteristic of main sequence stars. [11]

Distance and titleholding

Some websites claim V762 Cassiopeiae is the "farthest star visible to the naked eye", at a distance of 16,308 light-years. [12] [13] This is inconsistent with parallax measurements from both Hipparcos, which found a parallax of 1.18±0.45  mas , corresponding to a distance of about 2,800 light-years, [14] and Gaia DR3, which lists a parallax of 1.3148±0.0693 mas, corresponding to a distance of about 2,500 light-years. [1] [lower-alpha 2] The websites claiming that V762 Cassiopeiae is the "farthest star visible to the naked eye" also do not cite any references for the distance of 16,308 light-years, making the origin of this value uncertain.

Notes

  1. ↑ Derived from a bolometric magnitude of -5.42.
  2. 1 2 From the equation 1/(P/1000)=D, where P is the parallax in milliarcseconds and D is the distance in parsecs.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "HD 7389". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Messineo, M.; Brown, A. G. A. (2019-07-01). "A Catalog of Known Galactic K-M Stars of Class I Candidate Red Supergiants in Gaia DR2". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (1): 20. arXiv: 1905.03744 . Bibcode:2019AJ....158...20M. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab1cbd . ISSN   0004-6256. Data can be acessed here at VizieR.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (2011-01-01). "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 410 (1): 190–200. arXiv: 1007.4883 . Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x. ISSN   0035-8711. Data can be acessed here at VizieR.
  5. 1 2 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR .
  6. ↑ EAS (1997). "The HIPPARCOS and TYCHO catalogues". Astrometric and Photometric Star Catalogues Derived from the ESA Hipparcos Space Astrometry Mission. ESA SP Series. 1200. Noordwijk, Netherlands: ESA Publications Division. Bibcode:1997ESASP1200.....E. ISBN   9290923997 . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
  7. ↑ https://www.atnf.csiro.au/outreach/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html
  8. ↑ Kazarovets, E. V.; Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; Frolov, M. S.; Antipin, S. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (January 1999). "The 74th Special Name-list of Variable Stars" (PDF). Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 4659: 1. Bibcode:1999IBVS.4659....1K . Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  9. ↑ "V0762 Cas". The International Variable Star Index. AAVSO. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  10. ↑ "Query= V762 Cas". General Catalogue of Variable Stars. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  11. ↑ Chahal, Deepak; de Grijs, Richard; Kamath, Devika; Chen, Xiaodian (2022-07-06). "Statistics of BY Draconis Chromospheric Variable Stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 514 (4): 4932–4943. arXiv: 2206.05505 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1660. ISSN   0035-8711.
  12. ↑ "Farthest Star You Can See With The Unaided Eye". Cosmoknowledge. 2021-03-26. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
  13. ↑ "How Far Back In Time Can We See With Our Naked Eye?". Big Think. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
  14. ↑ "HIP 5926". VizieR . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
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