AR Cassiopeiae

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AR Cassiopeiae
ARCasLightCurve.png
A light curve for AR Cassiopeiae, plotted from TESS data [1]
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cassiopeia [2]
AB
Right ascension 23h 30m 01.93946s [3]
Declination +58° 32′ 56.1120″ [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)4.883 (4.912 / 8.814) [4]
CD
Right ascension 23h 29m 52.2802s [5]
Declination +58° 32′ 54.458″ [5]
Apparent magnitude  (V)7.09 [6]
Characteristics
AB
Spectral type B4 V + A6 V [4]
U−B color index −0.62 [7]
B−V color index −0.12 [7]
Variable type Algol [8]
CD
Spectral type B9 V [6]
U−B color index −0.14 [7]
B−V color index +0.01 [7]
FG
Spectral type F7 IV + F9 V [9]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−15.9±0.9 [10]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 17.90 [3]   mas/yr
Dec.: 4.15 [3]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)5.25 ± 0.52  mas [3]
Distance 620 ± 60  ly
(190 ± 20  pc)
Aa
Absolute magnitude  (MV)−1.87±0.13 [4]
Absolute bolometric
magnitude  (Mbol)		−3.56±0.13 [4]
Ab
Absolute magnitude  (MV)2.20±0.11 [4]
Absolute bolometric
magnitude  (Mbol)		2.18±0.11 [4]
Orbit [4]
PrimaryAa
CompanionAb
Period (P)6.0663170 d
Eccentricity (e)0.240
Inclination (i)85.34±0.50°
Periastron epoch (T)JD 2436847.9404±0.0055
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		41.82±0.47°
Details [4]
Aa
Mass 5.90±0.20  M☉
Radius 5.05±0.06  R☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.80±0.02  cgs
Temperature 17,200±500  K
Ab
Mass 1.86±0.06  M☉
Radius 1.60±0.03  R☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.30±0.02  cgs
Temperature 8,150±200  K
Other designations
ADS  16795, CCDM J23300+5833, WDS J23300+5833
AR Cassiopeiae (AB): 1H. Cas [11] , AR Cas, BD+57°2748, HD  221253, HIP  115990, HR  8926, SAO  35478 [8]
HD 221237 (CD): BD+57°2747, HD  221237, SAO  35476
FG: UCAC4 743-089692
Database references
SIMBAD AR Cas (AB)
CD
D
F
G

AR Cassiopeiae (AR Cas) is a variable star in the constellation of Cassiopeia. It is thought to be a member of a septuple star system, one of only two known star systems with a multiplicity of 7, the other being Nu Scorpii. [12] [9]

Contents

Nomenclature

The multiple star system as a whole has the designations ADS 16795, CCDM J23300+5833, and WDS J23300+5833AB in the Aitken Double Star Catalogue, the Catalogue of Components of Double and Multiple Stars, and the Washington Double Star Catalog respectively. [8]

AR Cassiopeiae has been referred to as IH Cas in some literature, looking similar to a variable star designation although not a valid one since the second letter of a variable star designation is always equal to the first or occurs later in the alphabet. The origin of the designation "IH Cassiopeiae" is from the 17th century catalogue and constellation map by Johannes Hevelius, which was kept in use due to the lack of a Flamsteed designation or Bayer designation for the star. [11] It was the first star in Cassiopeia that Flamsteed's edition of Hevelius catalogued, [13] thus "1 Hev. Cas" or "1 H. Cas" (similar to Gould designations), which becomes IH Cas through corruption. [11]

Properties

The primary star system, AR Cassiopeiae, is a triple. AR Cassiopeiae B is located 0.800″ away from AR Cassiopeiae A. [9] AR Cassiopeiae A itself is an Algol-type eclipsing binary with an orbital period of about 6.07 days. [4] Its primary is a B-type main-sequence star, and the secondary an A-type main-sequence star. The secondary star may be an Am star. [4]

Farther out are two other stars, designated components C and D. They are 76.1″, or about 1.27′, away from the central system. [9] Their combined spectrum matches that of another B-type main-sequence star. [6] This pair is also designated HD 221237. [6] 67.2″ (1.12′) away from AR Cassiopeiae is another pair of stars, F and G, both F-type stars. [9]

All these stars are known to be common proper motion companions. [9] However, the star listed as component E in most multiple star catalogues is an unrelated background star.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpha Cassiopeiae</span> Star in the constellation Cassiopeia

Alpha Cassiopeiae or α Cassiopeiae, also named Schedar, is a second-magnitude star in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. Though listed as the "alpha star" by Johann Bayer, α Cas's visual brightness closely matches the 'beta' (β) star in the constellation and it may appear marginally brighter or dimmer, depending on which passband is used. However, recent calculations from NASA's WISE telescope confirm that α Cas is the brightest in Cassiopeia, with an apparent magnitude of 2.240. Its absolute magnitude is 18 times greater than β Cas, and it is located over four times farther away from the Sun.

Xi Scorpii is part of a quintuple star system in the constellation Scorpius. It was assigned this designation by Bayer, although Ptolemy had catalogued the star in Libra. Flamsteed assigned it the designation 51 Librae, but this has fallen out of use since modern constellation boundaries assign the star to Scorpius.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">14 Aurigae</span> Quadruple star system in the constellation Auriga

14 Aurigae is a quadruple star system located 269 light years away from the Sun in the zodiac constellation of Auriga. It has the variable star designation KW Aurigae, whereas 14 Aurigae is the Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.01. The system is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −9 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">13 Boötis</span> Star in the constellation Boötes

13 Boötis is a solitary variable star in the northern constellation of Boötes, and is positioned near the western constellation border with Ursa Major. It has the variable star designation CF Boötis, often abbreviated CF Boo, while 13 Boötis is the star's Flamsteed designation. This star has a reddish hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude that fluctuates around 5.26. It is located at a distance of approximately 700 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −14 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Theta Cassiopeiae</span> Star in the constellation Cassiopeia

Theta Cassiopeiae or θ Cassiopeiae is a solitary star in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It shares the traditional name Marfak with μ Cassiopeiae, positioned less than half a degree to the WSW, which is derived from the Arabic term Al Marfik or Al Mirfaq (المرفق), meaning "the elbow". At an apparent visual magnitude of 4.3, Theta Cassiopeiae is visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 24.42 mas, it is located about 134 light years from the Sun. It has a total annual proper motion of 0.227 arcseconds per year, and is slowly drifting further away from the Sun with a radial velocity of 2.5 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gamma Cassiopeiae</span> Star in the constellation Cassiopeia

Gamma Cassiopeiae, Latinized from γ Cassiopeiae, is a bright star at the center of the distinctive "W" asterism in the northern circumpolar constellation of Cassiopeia. Although it is a fairly bright star with an apparent visual magnitude that varies from 1.6 to 3.0, it has no traditional Arabic or Latin name. It sometimes goes by the informal name Navi. It was observed 1866 by Angelo Secchi, the first star ever observed with emission lines. It is now considered a Be star.

HD 211415 is a double star in the constellation Grus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 5.33, it is visible to the naked eye. The annual parallax shift is 72.54 mas, which yields a distance estimate of 45 light years. It has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 93.4 mas per year, and is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −13 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iota Cassiopeiae</span> Variable star in the constellation Cassiopeiae

Iota Cassiopeiae is a star system in the constellation Cassiopeia. The system has a combined apparent magnitude of 4.53, making it visible to the naked eye. Based on its parallax, it is located about 133 light-years from Earth.

48 Cassiopeiae is a triple star system in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It is visible to the naked eye with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.49. With an annual parallax shift of 28.36±0.44 mas as seen from Earth's orbit, it is located approximately 115 light years away. The system is moving closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −12.4 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Psi Cassiopeiae</span> Star in the constellation Cassiopeia

Psi Cassiopeiae is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tau Cassiopeiae</span> K-type giant star in the constellation Cassiopeia

Tau Cassiopeiae is a solitary, orange hued star in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of +4.86. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 18.75 mas as seen from Earth, this system is located about 174 light years from the Sun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2 Centauri</span> Star in the constellation Centaurus

2 Centauri is a single star in the southern constellation of Centaurus, located approximately 183 light-years from Earth. It has the Bayer designation g Centauri; 2 Centauri is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as faint, red-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.19. It is moving away from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +41 km/s. The star is a member of the HR 1614 supercluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Upsilon Ceti</span> Star in the constellation Cetus.

Upsilon Ceti, Latinized from υ Ceti, is a solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.95. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 11.14 mas, it is located about 293 light years from the Sun.

Pi2 Cygni, Latinized from π2 Cygni, is a triple star system in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is visible to the naked eye about 2.5° east-northeast of the open cluster M39, having an apparent visual magnitude of 4.24. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 2.95 mas, it is located at a distance of roughly 1,100 light years from the Sun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">45 Herculis</span> Star in the constellation Hercules

45 Herculis is a binary variable star in the northern constellation Hercules. It has the Bayer designation l Herculis and the variable star designation V776 Herculis. The Flamsteed designation for this star comes from the publication Historia Coelestis Britannica by John Flamsteed. It is the 45th star in Flamsteed list of stars in the constellation Hercules, and is visible to the naked eye with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of 5.22. Parallax measurements show this star to be about 400 light-years away from the Solar System. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −16 km/s.

56 Ceti is a single star located in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. Not found in the original Bayer catalogue, it was given the Bayer-like designation Upsilon1 Ceti by Flamsteed to distinguish it from Bayer's Upsilon Ceti, which Flamsteed designated Upsilon2 or 59 Ceti. In 1801, J. E. Bode included this designation in his Uranographia, but the superscripted designations Upsilon1 and Upsilon2 are not in general use today. 56 Ceti is the Flamsteed designation for this star.

39 Draconis is a wide binary star system in the northern circumpolar constellation of Draco. It has the Bayer designation b Draconis, while 39 Draconis is the Flamsteed designation. This system is visible to the naked eye as a dim, white-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.0. Parallax measurements made by the Hipparcos spacecraft put it at a distance of 184 light-years, or 56 parsecs away from the Sun. The system is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of -24.5 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">54 Eridani</span> Star in the constellation Eridanus

54 Eridani is a suspected astrometric binary star system located around 400 light years from the Sun in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, reddish hued star with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of 4.32. The object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −33 km/s.

Omicron Hydrae is the Bayer designation for a solitary star in the equatorial constellation Hydra. At one time it bore the Flamsteed designation 25 Crateris, but this is no longer used by astronomers so as to avoid confusion. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.70, this star is visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 7.27 mas, it is located around 449 light years from the Sun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1 Lyncis</span> Red giant star in the constellation Lynx

1 Lyncis is a single star in the northern constellation of Lynx. It is also known by its variable star designation of UW Lyncis; 1 Lyncis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, reddish-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.95. It is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of 12 km/s.

References

  1. ↑ "MAST: Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  2. ↑ WikiSky, "HD 221253" (accessed 2010-10-27)
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 van Leeuwen, F.; et al. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID   18759600.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Holmgren, D. E.; Hadrava, P.; Harmanec, P.; Eenens, P.; Corral, L. J.; Yang, S.; Ak, H.; Bozić, H. (1999). "Search for forced oscillations in binaries. III. Improved elements and the detection of line-profile variability of the B4V + A6V: system AR Cassiopeiae". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 345: 855. Bibcode:1999A&A...345..855H.
  5. 1 2 Gaia Collaboration (2016). "Gaia Data Release 1". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 595: A2. arXiv: 1609.04172 . Bibcode:2016A&A...595A...2G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629512. S2CID   1828208.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "HD 221237". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Mermilliod, J.-C. (1986). "Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)". Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data. Bibcode:1986EgUBV........0M.
  8. 1 2 3 "V* AR Cas". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tokovinin, A. A. (1997). "MSC - a catalogue of physical multiple stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 124: 75–84. Bibcode:1997A&AS..124...75T. doi: 10.1051/aas:1997181 .
  10. ↑ Wilson, Ralph Elmer (1953). "General catalogue of stellar radial velocities". Washington. Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W.
  11. 1 2 3 Somerville, W. B. (1986). "1H. Cas = AR Cas". The Observatory. 106: 40–42. Bibcode:1986Obs...106...40S.
  12. ↑ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008). "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 389 (2): 869–879. arXiv: 0806.2878 . Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x . S2CID   14878976.
  13. ↑ John Flamsteed (1725). Historia coelestis Britannica, Volume 2. OCLC   311875456.
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