Valeriana umbilicata

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Valeriana umbilicata
Valerianella umbilicata BB-1913.png
Status TNC G4.svg
Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Dipsacales
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Genus: Valeriana
Species:
V. umbilicata
Binomial name
Valeriana umbilicata
(Sull.) Christenh. & Byng (2018)
Synonyms [1]
  • Fedia radiata var. umbilicata(Sull.) Porter
  • Fedia umbilicata Sull.
  • Valerianella radiata var. umbilicata (Sull.)
  • Valerianella umbilicata (Sull.) Alph.Wood
  • Valerianella woodsiana var. umbilicata(Sull.) A.Gray

Valeriana umbilicata (synonym Valerianella umbilicata), known by the common name navel cornsalad. [1] It is a dicot, annual plant in the flowering plant family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to the Eastern North America and some parts of Canada and has no known uses other than being edible. [2]

Contents

Description

Navel cornsalad is an herbaceous succulent annual plant. [3] It has dichotomously branched leaves that are attached along the stem rather than attached at the base. The leaves are spatulate, or "spoon-like" and are attached directly to the stem without a petiole. [3] It can be anywhere between 3-6 dm tall. The petals are either white or pink to red, [4] and range from 2-5 mm long. The pollen bearing organs project out strongly. They are rare and found in fields, roadsides, and waste places. [3]

Distribution and habitat

Valeriana umbilicata is native to CAN N and L48 N (lower 48 states) [2] and has a known distribution that includes specimens from the central Piedmont to the southern Mountains. This species appears to be absent from the northern mountains and the Piedmont foothills. [5] V. umbilicata is rare and lives in damp and open environments. It thrives in disturbed areas such as damp meadows, bottomland openings, roadsides, [5] marshes, and fields. [4]

Human disturbances such as development, deforestation, and changes must be avoided by the Valerianella umbilicata species. This species has minimal comprehensive habitat information. [6]

Uses

This species of cornsalad is not known to be used by wildlife and has no known medical uses, [7] but it can be eaten as a vegetable. [8]

Conservation status

The global ranking on conservation status is G4-G5. [6] [9] There is no US status, [6] however individual states have included a state rank. In Michigan, V. umbilicata is threatened (T) and legally protected by the state and holds a state rank of S2 - Imperiled. [6] North Carolina's state rank is SH - Endangered. [10] New Jersey's state rank is SH - Endangered. [2]

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References

  1. 1 2 "Valeriana umbilicata (Sull.) Alph.Wood". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 "USDA Plants Database". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  3. 1 2 3 Radford, Albert E.; Ahles, Harry E.; Bell, C. Ritchie (1968). Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 997–998. ISBN   0-8078-1087-8. OCLC   355003.
  4. 1 2 "Valerianella umbilicata (navel corn-salad): Go Botany". gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  5. 1 2 "Vascular Plants of North Carolina". auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Valerianella umbilicata (Corn salad) - Michigan Natural Features Inventory". mnfi.anr.msu.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  7. Les, Donald H. (2017-09-01), "Dicotyledons II", Aquatic Dicotyledons of North America, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 45–86, doi:10.1201/9781315118116-3, ISBN   9781315118116 , retrieved 2022-04-14
  8. Allaby, Michael, ed. (2019). "A Dictionary of Plant Sciences". Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780198833338.001.0001. ISBN   978-0-19-883333-8.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  10. "Vascular Plants of North Carolina". auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-14.