| Valsa ceratosperma | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Diaporthales |
| Family: | Valsaceae |
| Genus: | Valsa |
| Species: | V. ceratosperma |
| Binomial name | |
| Valsa ceratosperma (Tode) Maire, (1937) | |
| Synonyms | |
Cytospora capreae | |
Valsa ceratosperma is a plant pathogen infecting apples and pears.
Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus, in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. Several species of pears are valued for their edible fruit and juices, while others are cultivated as trees.
Perry or pear cider is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented pears, traditionally in England, particularly Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, and Worcestershire, parts of South Wales and France, especially Normandy and Anjou, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Specific replant disease is a malady that manifests itself when susceptible plants such as apples, pears, plums, cherries and roses are placed into soil previously occupied by a related species. The exact causes are not known, but in the first year the new plants will grow poorly. Root systems are weak and may become blackened, and plants may fail to establish properly.
Fire blight, also written fireblight, is a contagious disease affecting apples, pears, and some other members of the family Rosaceae. It is a serious concern to apple and pear producers. Under optimal conditions, it can destroy an entire orchard in a single growing season.
Scab may refer to:
A rootstock is part of a plant, often an underground part, from which new above-ground growth can be produced. It could also be described as a stem with a well developed root system, to which a bud from another plant is grafted. It can refer to a rhizome or underground stem. In grafting, it refers to a plant, sometimes just a stump, which already has an established, healthy root system, onto which a cutting or a bud from another plant is grafted. In some cases, such as vines of grapes and other berries, cuttings may be used for rootstocks, the roots being established in nursery conditions before planting them out. The plant part grafted onto the rootstock is usually called the scion. The scion is the plant that has the properties that propagator desires above ground, including the photosynthetic activity and the fruit or decorative properties. The rootstock is selected for its interaction with the soil, providing the roots and the stem to support the new plant, obtaining the necessary soil water and minerals, and resisting the relevant pests and diseases. After a few weeks, the tissues of the two parts will have grown together, eventually forming a single plant. After some years, it may be difficult to detect the site of the graft although the product always contains the components of two genetically different plants.
Smallwood is a civil parish and small village in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village is approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Sandbach and 3 miles south-west of Congleton. It is based in a rural area and is largely agricultural. At the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 491, increasing to 614 at the 2011 Census.
Russet apples are varieties and cultivars of apples that regularly exhibit russeting, partial or complete coverage with rough patches of greenish-brown to yellowish-brown colour. While russeting is generally an undesirable trait in modern cultivars, russet varieties are often seen as more traditional, and associated with aromatic flavours.
Gymnosporangium libocedri, the Pacific Coast pear rust, is a plant pathogen and rust fungus. It produces orange gelatinous growths (telia) on incense cedar in the spring. Its secondary hosts include apple, crabapple, hawthorn, mountain ash, pear, quince, and serviceberry.
Phyllachora pomigena is a plant pathogen responsible for Sooty blotch and flyspeck disease, a disease affecting apples and pears. It appears as a brown or black blotch on the fruit. Spots may coalesce to cover the entire fruit. During the summer these diseases develop during cool rainy weather, particularly in dense, unpruned trees with poor air circulation. Although unsightly, the fruit is still edible. The sooty blotch will wipe off of the fruit.
Mucor piriformis is a plant pathogen that causes a soft rot of several fruits known as Mucor rot. Infection of its host fruits, such as apples and pears, takes place post-harvest. The fungi can also infect citrus fruits.
Podosphaera leucotricha is a plant pathogen that can cause powdery mildew of apples and pears.
Schizothyrium pomi is a plant pathogen of the sooty blotch and flyspeck complex, infecting apple, pear and citrus trees and carnations.
Xiphinema vuittenezi is a plant pathogenic nematode infecting apple and pear.
A cholera is a pastry filled with potatoes, vegetables, fruits and cheese, originated from the Valais region of Switzerland.
'Delbard Jubilée' or 'Delgollune' is a modern French cultivar of domesticated apple which was developed in 1964 by Delbard nurseries. It is not the same as the Jubilee apple that was developed in Canada.
Ellison's Orange is an English cultivar of domesticated apple, it is a cross between the famous Cox's Orange Pippin and Cellini, which it resembles at most in looks and taste, but can develop a distinct aniseed flavor in storage. The variety is much more disease resistant than Cox's and therefore easier to cultivate.
Sciros is a cultivar of domesticated apple. This apple is mostly sweet with very little acidity, often compared to the 'Fuji' apple for taste, and keeps very well in storage. According to Orange Pippin it is an attractive new late-season high-quality dessert apple, a hybrid between 'Gala' and 'Splendour' apples, mostly resembling the latter.
Jacquelin Smith Cooley was a botanist and pathologist with an expertise in the study of fungi, lichen, and spermatophytes.
Apple rubbery wood virus, also known as apple rubodvirus is a viral disease that causes apple rubbery wood in apple and pear cultivars. There are two varieties: ARWV 1 and ARWV 2. It gets its name from its distinctive effect that it has on its host trees, which show unusual flexibility in the stems and branches after a few years of infection. This often results in the maturing fruits of the tree to weigh down the branches such that they lay on the ground. Apple rubbery wood, or ARW, occurs worldwide, affecting apple and pear cultivars in most developed countries.
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