WISPIT 2

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WISPIT 2
A very hungry planet (potw2534a).jpg
The disk around WISPIT 2 with VLT SPHERE. The protoplanet WISPIT 2b is inside the gap of the disk on the lower right
Credit: ESO/R. F. van Capelleveen et al.
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Aquila
Right ascension 19h 23m 17.03s
Declination −07° 40′ 55.07″
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.60±0.12 [1]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage pre-main-sequence star
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−16.23±14.58 [2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 6.308±0.024 mas/yr [2]
Dec.: −27.138±0.018 mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)7.4649±0.0214  mas [2]
Distance 437 ± 1  ly
(134.0 ± 0.4  pc)
Details [2]
Mass 1.08+0.06
−0.17  M☉
Radius 1.418±0.004  R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)0.699±0.021  L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.00±0.25  cgs
Temperature 4400±50  K
Rotation 4.7004 days
Age 5.1+2.4
−1.3  Myr
Other designations
TYC 5709-354-1, IRAS  19205-0746, IRAS F19205-0746, Gaia DR2 4207586980945067648
Database references
SIMBAD data

WISPIT 2 (also called TYC 5709-354-1) is a pre-main-sequence star in the constellation Aquila. It is part of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, likely belonging to the subgroup Theia 53. The star has a directly imaged circumstellar disk with multiple rings and one directly imaged protoplanet inside one of the gaps. [2] This protoplanet was also detected in H-alpha, showing it is surrounded by a circumplanetary disk. [3] The star is named after the astronomical survey Wide Separation Planets In Time (WISPIT) in the course of which the protoplanetary system was discovered.

Contents

The circumstellar disk

The disk was classified as transitional, meaning it has an inner cavity. [3] The disk has 4 rings and one prominent gap at 68 astronomical units (AU). The outermost ring is located at 316 AU and the disk was detected out to a distance of 2.8 arcseconds (380 AU) from the star. The inclination of the disk is around 44° to 46°. [2]

Planetary system

Observations with VLT/SPHERE, [2] Magellan MagAO-X and LBT/LMIRcam revealed one planet located inside gap 3. [3] The protoplanet was confirmed to move with the star and shows orbital motion in images from October 2023 to April 2025. The planet has a mass of around 5 MJ and is responsible for clearing a gap inside the disk. [2] The protoplanet is also detected in H-alpha, showing that it is accreting material from a circumplanetary disk. This makes WISPIT 2b similar to the PDS 70 planets, 2MJ1612b and possibly LkCa 15b. [3]

Annotated thermal-infrared image of the WISPIT 2 protoplanetary system seen with LBTI/LMIRcam. Credit: Laird Close & Gabriel Weible (University of Arizona) WISPIT 2 Annotated LBTI Image.png
Annotated thermal-infrared image of the WISPIT 2 protoplanetary system seen with LBTI/LMIRcam. Credit:Laird Close & Gabriel Weible (University of Arizona)

One additional inner candidate planet was detected, but CC1 could also be a dust clump and needs further observations to be confirmed as a planet. [3]

The WISPIT 2 planetary system [2] [3]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(years)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
CC1(unconfirmed)9±4 MJ 15————
Ring 338.44±0.09 AU 44.95±0.39 ° —
b5.3±1.0  MJ 57.5———1.6±0.2  RJ
Gap 369.0±0.6 AU 44.2±0.8 ° —
Ring 296.7±0.6 AU 41.8±0.6 ° —
Ring 1163.6±2.9 AU 45.4±1.1 ° —
Ring 0316.4±4.5 AU 43.6±1.5 ° —

See also

References

  1. ↑ Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27–L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H. ISSN   0004-6361.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Ginski, Christian; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Byrne, Jake; Lawlor, Chloe; McLachlan, Dan; Mamajek, Eric E.; Stolker, Tomas; Benisty, Myriam; Bohn, Alexander J.; Close, Laird M.; Dominik, Carsten; Haffert, Sebastiaan; Landman, Rico; Ma, Jie (2025-08-26). "WIde Separation Planets In Time (WISPIT): A Gap-clearing Planet in a Multi-ringed Disk around the Young Solar-type Star WISPIT 2". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L8. arXiv: 2508.19053 . Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...8V. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/adf721 . ISSN   2041-8205.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Close, Laird M.; van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Weible, Gabriel; Wagner, Kevin; Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.; Males, Jared R.; Ilyin, Ilya; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Li, Jialin; Long, Joseph D.; Ertel, Steve; Ginski, Christian; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Follette, Kate; Liberman, Joshua (2025-08-26). "Wide Separation Planets in Time (WISPIT): Discovery of a Gap Hα Protoplanet WISPIT 2b with MagAO-X". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L9. arXiv: 2508.19046 . Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...9C. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/adf7a5 . ISSN   2041-8205.
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