WISPIT 2

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WISPIT 2
A very hungry planet (potw2534a).jpg
The disk around WISPIT 2 with VLT SPHERE. The protoplanet WISPIT 2b is inside the gap of the disk on the lower right
Credit: ESO/R. F. van Capelleveen et al.
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Aquila
Right ascension 19h 23m 17.03s
Declination −07° 40′ 55.07″
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.60±0.12 [1]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage pre-main-sequence star
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−16.23±14.58 [2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 6.308±0.024 mas/yr [2]
Dec.: −27.138±0.018 mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)7.4649±0.0214  mas [2]
Distance 437 ± 1  ly
(134.0 ± 0.4  pc)
Details [2]
Mass 1.08+0.06
−0.17  M☉
Radius 1.418±0.004  R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)0.699±0.021  L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.00±0.25  cgs
Temperature 4400±50  K
Rotation 4.7004 days
Age 5.1+2.4
−1.3  Myr
Other designations
TYC 5709-354-1, IRAS  19205-0746, IRAS F19205-0746, Gaia DR2 4207586980945067648
Database references
SIMBAD data

WISPIT 2 (also called TYC 5709-354-1) is a pre-main-sequence star in the constellation Aquila. It is part of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, likely belonging to the subgroup Theia 53. The star has a directly imaged circumstellar disk with multiple rings and one directly imaged protoplanet inside one of the gaps. [2] This protoplanet was also detected in H-alpha, showing it is surrounded by a circumplanetary disk. [3]

Contents

The circumstellar disk

The disk was classified as transitional, meaning it has an inner cavity. [3] The disk has 4 rings and one prominent gap at 68 astronomical units (AU). The outermost ring is located at 316 AU and the disk was detected out to a distance of 2.8 arcseconds (380 AU) from the star. The inclination of the disk is around 44° to 46°. [2]

Planetary system

Observations with VLT SPHERE, [2] Magellan MagAO-X and LBT/LMIRcam revealed one planet located inside gap 3. [3] The protoplanet was confirmed to move with the star and shows orbital motion in images from October 2023 to April 2025. The planet has a mass of around 5 MJ and is responsible for clearing a gap inside the disk. [2] The protoplanet is also detected in H-alpha, showing that it is accreting material from a circumplanetary disk. This makes WISPIT 2b similar to the PDS 70 planets, 2MJ1612b and possibly LkCa 15b. [3]

Annotated thermal-infrared image of the WISPIT 2 protoplanetary system seen with LBTI/LMIRcam. Credit: Laird Close & Gabriel Weible (University of Arizona) WISPIT 2 Annotated LBTI Image.png
Annotated thermal-infrared image of the WISPIT 2 protoplanetary system seen with LBTI/LMIRcam. Credit:Laird Close & Gabriel Weible (University of Arizona)

One additional inner candidate planet was detected, but CC1 could also be a dust clump and needs further observations to be confirmed as a planet. [3]

The WISPIT 2 planetary system [2] [3]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(years)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
CC1(unconfirmed)9±4 MJ 15————
Ring 338.44±0.09 AU 44.95±0.39 ° —
b5.3±1.0  MJ 57.5———1.6±0.2  RJ
Gap 369.0±0.6 AU 44.2±0.8 ° —
Ring 296.7±0.6 AU 41.8±0.6 ° —
Ring 1163.6±2.9 AU 45.4±1.1 ° —
Ring 0316.4±4.5 AU 43.6±1.5 ° —

See also

References

  1. ↑ Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27 –L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H. ISSN   0004-6361.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Ginski, Christian; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Byrne, Jake; Lawlor, Chloe; McLachlan, Dan; Mamajek, Eric E.; Stolker, Tomas; Benisty, Myriam; Bohn, Alexander J.; Close, Laird M.; Dominik, Carsten; Haffert, Sebastiaan; Landman, Rico; Ma, Jie (2025-08-26). "WIde Separation Planets In Time (WISPIT): A Gap-clearing Planet in a Multi-ringed Disk around the Young Solar-type Star WISPIT 2". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L8. arXiv: 2508.19053 . Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...8V. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/adf721 . ISSN   2041-8205.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Close, Laird M.; van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Weible, Gabriel; Wagner, Kevin; Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.; Males, Jared R.; Ilyin, Ilya; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Li, Jialin; Long, Joseph D.; Ertel, Steve; Ginski, Christian; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Follette, Kate; Liberman, Joshua (2025-08-26). "Wide Separation Planets in Time (WISPIT): Discovery of a Gap Hα Protoplanet WISPIT 2b with MagAO-X". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L9. arXiv: 2508.19046 . Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...9C. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/adf7a5 . ISSN   2041-8205.
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