Walls of Tallinn (Tallinn City Wall) | |
---|---|
Native name Tallinna linnamüür (Estonian) | |
Location | Tallinn, Estonia |
Founded | 13th century |
Built for | Defense for the City of Tallinn |
Architectural style(s) | Medieval city wall |
Official name | Historic Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn |
Type | Cultural |
Criteria | ii, iv |
Designated | 1997 (21st session) |
Reference no. | 822 |
Europe and North America | |
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/822 |
The Walls of Tallinn are the medieval defensive walls constructed around the city of Tallinn in Estonia.
The first wall around Tallinn was ordered to be constructed by Margaret Sambiria in 1265 resulting in its name, the 'Margaret Wall.' This wall was less than 5 metres (16 ft) tall and about 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) thick at its base. [1] Since that time it has been enlarged and strengthened. The walls and the many gates are still largely extant today. This is one of the reasons that Tallinn's old town became a World Heritage Site. The walls were enlarged in the fourteenth century, and citizens of Tallinn were required to turn out for guard duty, which meant to wear their armour and demonstrate their readiness to face invaders. [2]
Name | Image | Notes | Location | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|---|
Long Leg Gate Tower (Pika jala väravatorn) | Pikk jalg | 59°26′15.87″N24°44′34.33″E / 59.4377417°N 24.7428694°E | ||
Tower behind Almshouse (Seegitagune torn) | demolished in the 19th century | Nunne 3 | ||
Tower behind Sauna (Saunatagune torn) | partially extant | Nunne 9 / Nunne 11A | ||
Nun's Gate (Nunnavärav) | Demolished in 1868. | Nunne | ||
Nun's Tower (Nunnatorn) | Väike-Kloostri 1 | 59°26′21.41″N24°44′32.55″E / 59.4392806°N 24.7423750°E | ||
Monastery Gate (Kloostrivärav) | end of 19th century | Suur-Kloostri | 59°26′22.01″N24°44′32.51″E / 59.4394472°N 24.7423639°E | |
Sauna Tower (Saunatorn) | Suur-Kloostri 18 | 59°26′22.63″N24°44′32.49″E / 59.4396194°N 24.7423583°E | ||
Golden Leg Tower (Kuldjala torn) | Gümnaasiumi 1A | 59°26′24.11″N24°44′33.25″E / 59.4400306°N 24.7425694°E | ||
Tower behind Nuns (Nunnadetagune torn) | Kooli 1 | 59°26′25.39″N24°44′34.27″E / 59.4403861°N 24.7428528°E | ||
Loewenschede Tower (Loewenschede torn) | Kooli 7 | 59°26′26.18″N24°44′35.99″E / 59.4406056°N 24.7433306°E | ||
Lippe Tower (Lippe torn) | destroyed | Kooli 9 | ||
passage beside Lippe Tower | Built 1933 | Laboratooriumi 21 | 59°26′26.5″N24°44′38.85″E / 59.440694°N 24.7441250°E | |
Rope Hill Tower (Köismäe torn) | Laboratooriumi 27 | 59°26′27.4″N24°44′41.67″E / 59.440944°N 24.7449083°E | ||
breakthrough of Suurtüki street | 19th century | Suurtüki | 59°26′28.24″N24°44′43.48″E / 59.4411778°N 24.7454111°E | |
Plate Tower (Plate torn) | Laboratooriumi 29 | 59°26′28.63″N24°44′43.98″E / 59.4412861°N 24.7455500°E | ||
Epping Tower (Eppingi torn) | Laboratooriumi 31 | 59°26′29.82″N24°44′46.2″E / 59.4416167°N 24.746167°E | ||
Tower behind Grusbeke (Grusbeke-tagune torn) | Laboratooriumi 33 | 59°26′31.22″N24°44′48.62″E / 59.4420056°N 24.7468389°E | ||
Renten Tower (Renteni torn) | lower part extant inside a later building | Lai 49 | ||
Tower behind Wulfard (Wulfardi-tagune torn) | lower part extant | Tolli 4 | 59°26′32.3″N24°44′53.97″E / 59.442306°N 24.7483250°E } | |
Great Coastal Gate (Suur Rannavärav) | Pikk 70 | 59°26′33.23″N24°44′57.44″E / 59.4425639°N 24.7492889°E | ||
Fat Margaret (Paks Margareeta) | Pikk 70 | 59°26′33.3″N24°44′58.72″E / 59.442583°N 24.7496444°E | ||
Stolting Tower (Stoltingi torn) | Pikk 68 | 59°26′31.78″N24°44′58.62″E / 59.4421611°N 24.7496167°E | ||
Tower behind Hattorpe (Hattorpe-tagune torn) | Pikk 62 | 59°26′29.5″N24°44′57.6″E / 59.441528°N 24.749333°E | ||
tower near the former Russian church | destroyed | Sulevimägi | ||
Small Coastal Gate (Väike Rannavärav) | destroyed | |||
Bremen Tower (Bremeni torn) | Vene 28 | 59°26′21.86″N24°44′57″E / 59.4394056°N 24.74917°E | ||
Bremen Passage (Bremeni käik) | 19th century | Bremeni käik | 59°26′21.54″N24°44′57.15″E / 59.4393167°N 24.7492083°E | |
Tower behind Monks (Munkadetagune torn) | Müürivahe 58 | 59°26′18.46″N24°44′58.89″E / 59.4384611°N 24.7496917°E | ||
Helleman Tower (Hellemani torn) | Müürivahe 48 | 59°26′15.15″N24°44′59.82″E / 59.4375417°N 24.7499500°E | ||
Viru Gate (Viru värav) | Viru | 59°26′11.87″N24°45′1.31″E / 59.4366306°N 24.7503639°E | ||
Hinke Tower (Hinke torn) | Pärnu mnt 2 / Müürivahe 32 | 59°26′9.55″N24°44′57.98″E / 59.4359861°N 24.7494389°E | ||
Düvelsmoder Tower / Devil's Mother's Tower (Düvelsmoderi torn / Kuradiema torn) | demolished in 1882 | Väike-Karja/Müürivahe | ||
Lurenburg Artillery Tower (Lurenburgi suurtükitorn) | Built 1538–1554, demolished in 1767 during the expansion of the bastion systems. | Pärnu mnt 7 | ||
Cattle Gate (Karjavärav) | Built 1456, demolished in 1849 to widen the streets. Was used to transport cattle between the city and pastures. | |||
Assauwe Tower (Assauwe torn) | Müürivahe 12 | 59°26′5.61″N24°44′43.33″E / 59.4348917°N 24.7453694°E | ||
Harju Gate (Harju värav) | The main gate after the demolition of the front gates. | Mentioned in 1361, 1448–1453 the second front gate was built. In 1862 the front gates were demolished and in 1875 the main gate. | Harju | 59°26′4.74″N24°44′37.53″E / 59.4346500°N 24.7437583°E |
Goat Tower (Kitsetorn) | Rüütli | |||
Kiek in de Kök | Komandandi tee 2 | 59°26′5.14″N24°44′29″E / 59.4347611°N 24.74139°E | ||
Maiden's Tower (Neitsitorn) | Lossi plats 11 / Lühike jalg 9A | 59°26′6.8″N24°44′27.51″E / 59.435222°N 24.7409750°E | ||
Stable Tower (Tallitorn) | Lossi plats 11 / Lühike jalg 9A | 59°26′8.43″N24°44′26.91″E / 59.4356750°N 24.7408083°E | ||
breakthrough from Toompea to Danish King's Garden | Lühike jalg | 59°26′8.9″N24°44′27.14″E / 59.435806°N 24.7408722°E | ||
Short Leg Gate Tower (Lühikese jala väravatorn) | Lühike jalg 9 | 59°26′10.01″N24°44′28.15″E / 59.4361139°N 24.7411528°E | ||
Dome Gate (Toomvärav) | demolished in 1860. |
Tallinn Airport is the largest international airport in Estonia. The airport is also officially called Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport after the former president of Estonia Lennart Meri.
Toompea is a hill in the central part of Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia. The hill has an area of 7 hectares and is about 20–30 metres higher than the surrounding areas. Toompea is part of the medieval Tallinn Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon, also known as the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon, the Tsangpo Canyon, the Brahmaputra Canyon or the Tsangpo Gorge, is a canyon along the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It is the deepest canyon in the world, and at 504.6 kilometres (313.5 mi) is slightly longer than the Grand Canyon in the United States, making it one of the world's largest. The Yarlung Tsangpo originates near Mount Kailash and runs east for about 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi), draining a northern section of the Himalayas before it enters the gorge just downstream of Pei, Tibet, near the settlement of Zhibe. The canyon has a length of about 240 kilometres (150 mi) as the gorge bends around Mount Namcha Barwa and cuts its way through the eastern Himalayas. Its waters drop from about 2,900 metres (9,500 ft) near Pei to about 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) at the end of the Upper Gorge where the Po Tsangpo River enters. The river continues through the Lower Gorge to the Indian border at an elevation of 660 metres (2,170 ft). The river then enters Arunachal Pradesh and eventually becomes the Brahmaputra.
The Blue Mountains Dams are a series of six dams in the Blue Mountains which supply water to the Blue Mountains and Sydney, Australia. The Dams are managed by the WaterNSW. Water in this scheme may be supplemented from the Fish River Scheme.
The Los Molinos Dam is a dam over the course of the Los Molinos River in the center-west of the province of Córdoba, Argentina, about 769 metres (2,523 ft) above mean sea level.
The Rubicon Hydroelectric Scheme is a small run-of-the-river hydroelectric scheme located on the Rubicon and Royston Rivers, north east of Melbourne, 40 km (25 mi) south-west of Alexandra, Victoria, Australia. The scheme commenced in 1922, and was the first state-owned hydroelectric scheme to generate electricity in mainland Australia, and among the first in the world to be remotely controlled. For the first ten years of its operation it supplied on average 16.9% of electricity generated by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. It is now owned and operated by AGL Energy and contributes approximately 0.02% of Victoria's energy supply.
Gerad Wilwal Airport is a public airport serving Jijiga, the capital city of the Somali Region in eastern Ethiopia. The airport is located at 09°19′56″N42°54′43″E, which is 12 km east of the city. It is named after seventeenth-century jigjiga ruler Garad Wiil-Waal.
The Dagenham wind turbines are two 85-metre (279 ft) high Enercon E-66 and one E-82 wind turbines located on the Dagenham estate of the Ford Motor Company in East London, England. The first two turbines were completed in April 2004 and the third was installed in 2011. They are landmarks of the skyline and the first wind farm to be built in London.
There are 91 working locks on the Canal du Midi along its 240-kilometre (150 mi) course from the Bassin du Thau on the Mediterranean coast to the junction with the Canal lateral a la Garonne in Toulouse. There are a further 13 locks on the 37-kilometre (23 mi) La Nouvelle branch which runs through Narbonne to the Mediterranean at Port-la-Nouvelle. The locks are all under the management of the French navigation authority, Voies navigables de France.
The Turkwel Hydroelectric Power Station, also Turkwel Dam, is an arch dam on the Turkwel River about 76 km (47 mi) north of Lorokon in West Pokot County, Kenya. The dam serves several purposes, including hydroelectric power production, irrigation, tourism and fisheries. It was constructed between 1986 and 1991. It supports the third largest hydroelectric power plant in the country, having an installed electric capacity of 106 megawatts (142,000 hp).
Sund Rock is a designated conservation area on the U.S. state of Washington's Hood Canal. The area is known for abundant and diverse life, including but not limited to Lingcod, Giant Pacific Octopus, Wolf Eel, as well as nudibranch, anemone, and sea cucumber.
There have been several town walls around Edinburgh, Scotland, since the 12th century. Some form of wall probably existed from the foundation of the royal burgh in around 1125, though the first building is recorded in the mid-15th century, when the King's Wall was constructed. In the 16th century the more extensive Flodden Wall was erected, following the Scots' defeat at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. This was extended by the Telfer Wall in the early 17th century. The walls had a number of gates, known as ports, the most important being the Netherbow Port, which stood halfway down what is now the Royal Mile. This gave access from the Canongate which was, at that time, a separate burgh.
Maarjamäe is a subdistrict in the district of Pirita, Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It is bordered by Pirita and Kose to the north, Lasnamäe to the south, Kadriorg to the southwest and the Bay of Tallinn to the west. As of 2022, it has a population of 2,412.
The Goodenough Glacier is a broad sweeping glacier to the south of the Batterbee Mountains, flowing from the west shore of Palmer Land, Antarctica, into George VI Sound and the George VI Ice Shelf.
The Miel I Dam, officially known as the Patángoras Dam, is a gravity dam on La Miel River just south of Norcasia in Caldas Department, Colombia. The dam was constructed between 1997 and 2002 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation. At the time of its completion, the dam was the tallest roller-compacted concrete (RCC) dam in the world but was surpassed by the Longtan Dam in 2009.