Wisteriopsis

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Wisteriopsis
Millettia japonica natuhuji01.jpg
Wisteriopsis japonica
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Wisterieae
Genus: Wisteriopsis
J.Compton & Schrire (2019) [1]
Type species
Wisteriopsis japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) J.Compton & Schrire
Wisteria japonicaSiebold & Zucc.
Species

5; See text.

Wisteriopsis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Fabaceae. [1] Its native range is China to Indo-China and Temperate Eastern Asia. [1] Wisteriopsis species are twining woody vines, generally resembling species of Wisteria . The genus was established in 2019 as a result of a molecular phylogenetic study, and includes species formerly placed in Millettia or Callerya .

Contents

Description

Species of Wisteriopsis are twining woody vines, up to 4–18 m (13–59 ft) high, with greyish brown or brown stems. They climb over shrubs or sprawl over rocks. The leaves are either deciduous or more often evergreen, with about 7–15 leaflets arranged in opposite pairs plus a terminal leaflet. The flowers are arranged in panicles, or sometimes racemes in the leaf axils. Individual flowers are 7–16 mm (0.3–0.6 in) long; the inflorescences are about 8–40 cm (3–16 in) long. The five lobed calyx has a ring of fine hairs at the mouth so that the margin of each sepal is ciliate. Each flower has the typical shape of members of the family Fabaceae. The standard or banner petal is white, sometimes with a greenish, pink or purple flush, and has a yellow or green nectar guide inside. The wing and keel petals are equal in length, 5–13 mm (0.2–0.5 in) long, with a prominent claw at the base. When the flowers open, the wing petals are free from the keel and the staminal column is visible between the wings and the keel. Nine of the stamens are fused together at the base, the other is free. The seed pods are 65–125 mm (2.6–4.9 in) long and 8–30 mm (0.3–1.2 in) wide, dark brown when ripe, splitting explosively to release the smooth brown seeds. [2]

Taxonomy

The genus Wisteriopsis was established in 2019 as a result of a molecular phylogenetic study of genera related to Callerya . Some species previously placed in Millettia or Callerya were found not to belong with the type species of those genera, but to form a separate clade, which became the basis of Wisteriopsis. The name is derived from Wisteria and -opsis, meaning 'like Wisteria'. The type species is Wisteriopsis japonica (basionym Wisteria japonica). Wisteriopsis was placed in the expanded tribe Wisterieae. [2]

Wisteriopsis is most closely related to the genus Nanhaia . Both genera are distinguished by a ring of hairs surrounding the rim of the calyx. Wisteriopsis has glabrous (hairless) ovaries, whereas Nanhaia has densely hairy ovaries. Wisteriopsis has smaller flowers, usually 7–15 mm (0.3–0.6 in) long rather than 15–35 mm (0.6–1.4 in) long. [2]

Species

As of January 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted five species: [1]

Distribution

Wisteriopsis species are native to eastern temperate and tropical Asia: central and southeastern China, Hainan, Japan, Korea, Laos, the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. [1] One species, Wisteriopsis reticulata, has been introduced into Florida. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Afgekia</i> Genus of legumes

Afgekia is a small genus of large perennial climbing shrubs native to Thailand in Asia, belonging to the family Fabaceae. They are reminiscent of the related genus Wisteria.

<i>Callerya</i> Genus of legumes

Callerya is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, tribe Wisterieae. It includes 12 species native to the eastern Himalayas, Indochina, southern China and Taiwan, and Peninsular Malaysia. Its species are climbers, generally reaching up to about 1 m (3 ft) tall. The genus has a somewhat complicated taxonomic history; its circumscription was substantially revised in 2019.

Endosamara is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae, tribe Wisterieae. Its only species is Endosamara racemosa, a liana found from South India through Indo-China to the Philippines.

Sarcodum is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, tribe Wisterieae. Its three species are twining vines growing over shrubs, and are native from southeast mainland China to the Solomon Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Millettieae</span> Tribe of legumes

The tribe Millettieae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae.

<i>Austrocallerya megasperma</i> Species of legume

Austrocallerya megasperma, one of several species commonly known as native wisteria, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a woody climber with pinnate leaves and racemes of purple, pea-like flowers.

Padbruggea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. Its native range stretches from southern China to western Malesia.

<i>Whitfordiodendron</i> Genus of legumes

Whitfordiodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, of Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae.

<i>Adinobotrys</i>

Adinobotrys is a genus of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to from Indo-China to western Malesia. The genus was first described in 1911.

<i>Austrocallerya</i> Genus of flowering plants

Austrocallerya is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the subfamily Faboideae in the family Fabaceae. They are robust, twining woody vines.

<i>Nanhaia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Nanhaia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Fabaceae. Its native range is Southern China to Northern Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wisterieae</span> Tribe of angiosperms

Wisterieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the bean family Fabaceae. The tribe was first described in 1994 for the sole genus Wisteria, but was greatly expanded in 2019 to include 13 genera, six of which were new. Five had previously been placed in the tribe Millettieae. Members of the tribe are climbers of various kinds. Some, like Wisteria, are cultivated for their flowers.

Sigmoidala is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, first established in 2019. Its only species is Sigmoidala kityana, native to Myanmar, northern Thailand and Laos. It was first described by William Grant Craib in 1927 as Millettia kityana.

Kanburia is a genus of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to Thailand. The genus was established in 2019. Kanburia species are twining woody vines.

Serawaia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, first established in 2019. Its only species is Serawaia strobilifera, endemic to Borneo. The species was first described in 1994 as Callerya strobilifera.

<i>Wisteriopsis japonica</i> Species of plant

Wisteriopsis japonica is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyu Islands. It was first described in 1839 as Wisteria japonica.

<i>Wisteriopsis reticulata</i> Species of plant

Wisteriopsis reticulata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to mainland China, Hainan, Taiwan and Vietnam. It was first described by George Bentham in 1852 as Millettia reticulata. Anne M. Schot moved it to Callerya reticulata in 1994, then as a result of a molecular phylogenetic study in 2019, it was moved to the newly created genus Wisteriopsis. It has become naturalized in parts of Florida and Japan.

Villosocallerya bonatiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to south-central and southeastern mainland China, Laos and Vietnam. It is the sole species in genus Villosocallerya. The species was first described in 1910 as Millettia bonatiana.

<i>Austrocallerya pilipes</i> Species of plant

Austrocallerya pilipes, synonym Callerya pilipes, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, endemic to Queensland, Australia. It is a robust twining vine, climbing up trees and shrubs. It is known as the northern wistaria.

<i>Austrocallerya australis</i> Species of plant

Austrocallerya australis, commonly known as native wisteria, blunt wisteria or Samson's sinew in Australia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to north-eastern Australia, New Guinea and some Pacific Islands. It is a tall, woody climber with pinnate leaves, the leaflets oblong, elliptic or egg-shaped, and panicles of purple, pea-like flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Wisteriopsis J.Compton & Schrire". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 Compton, James A.; Schrire, Brian D.; Könyves, Kálmán; Forest, Félix; Malakasi, Panagiota; Sawai Mattapha & Sirichamorn, Yotsawate (2019). "The Callerya Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences". PhytoKeys (125): 1–112. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877. PMC   6610001 . PMID   31303810.
  3. "Wisteriopsis reticulata J.Compton & Schrire". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 January 2023.