Yehude Simon | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Member of Congress | |
In office July 26, 2011 –July 26, 2016 | |
Constituency | Lambayeque |
Second Vice President of Congress | |
In office July 26,2011 –July 26,2012 | |
President | Daniel Abugattás |
Preceded by | Alda Lazo |
Succeeded by | Juan Carlos Eguren |
Prime Minister of Peru | |
In office October 14,2008 –July 11,2009 | |
President | Alan García |
Preceded by | Jorge del Castillo |
Succeeded by | Javier Velásquez |
1st Governor of Lambayeque | |
In office January 1,2003 –October 14,2008 | |
Lieutenant | Nery Saldarriaga |
Preceded by | Office Created |
Succeeded by | Nery Saldarriaga |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
In office July 26,1985 –July 26,1990 | |
Constituency | Lambayeque |
Personal details | |
Born | Lima,Peru | 18 July 1947
Nationality | ![]() |
Political party | Together for Peru (2017-present) Peruvian Humanist Party (2001–2017) |
Other political affiliations | Union for Peru (2002-2006) United Left (1983-1990) |
Spouse | Nancy Valcárcel |
Alma mater | Pedro Ruiz Gallo State University (BA) |
Yehude Simon Munaro (born 18 July 1947) is a Peruvian politician,who served as Governor of the Lambayeque Region between 2003 and 2008,Prime Minister between 2008 and 2009 and as a Congressman from Lambayeque between 2011 and 2016,elected under the Alliance for the Great Change. He ran for the presidency in 2016,then shortly announced his withdrawal. [1]
Born in Lima,Simon's family moved to the city of Chiclayo to establish a shoe retail business. After completing his early education at the Colegio Manuel Pardo,he joined the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo,in the city of Lambayeque,where he later was a lecturer. He married Nancy Valcárcel,a Chiclayo painter with whom he had four children:Jessica,Yehude,Yusef and Yail,also he had ten grandchildren:David,Micaela,Joaquín,Nicole,Salvador,Belén,Rafaella,Santiago,Isabella and Julián.
Yehude Simon began his political career in 1983,when he ran for the post of Mayor of prosperous Chiclayo city under the United Left,and was placed second. In the 1985 general elections,he ran in the Chamber of Deputies under the United Left,and was elected Deputy for the Lambayeque Region for the 1985-1990 term,integrating the Committees on Justice and Human Rights Congress. [2]
In 1991,he founded the Free Patriotic Movement,who was accused of being the legal wing of the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) rebel movement,famous for the 1996-97 Japanese embassy hostage crisis in Lima. On 5 April 1992,Simon was in Europe,participating in conferences. Upon learning of the breakdown of the constitutional President Alberto Fujimori he returned to Peru and decided to participate in the protest against the closure of the Congress of Peru.
On June 11,1992,he was arrested along with other leaders of Patria Libre,and accused of subversion. Later that year he was sentenced by the judiciary to 20 years of imprisonment for the crime of "glorification of terrorism." During his eight and a half years in prison,human rights organizations,Amnesty International,some media and some opposition Peruvian politicians demanded that the Fujimori regime to pardon him. In November 2000,during the Transitional Government headed by President Valentín Paniagua Corazao,Simon was pardoned and released by the then Minister of Justice,Diego García Sayán. He was held for 8 years and six months.
In the 2002 regional elections,Yehude Simon ran for president of the Lambayeque Regional Government and electorally defeated the Peruvian Aprista Party candidate Luis Falla,which is considered one of the most popular political parties in northern Peru. In his first four years of his regional presidency,the government carried out works focused mainly on the rural sector,among which the most notorious is the tender for the construction of the Olmos Project.
In December 2005,the Decentralist Concertation Alliance was signed between the Peruvian Humanist Movement,the Party for Social Democracy - Peru Commitment,Ayllu Self-Government and other regionalist organizations. The presidential formula was headed by Susana Villarán and she participated unsuccessfully in the presidential elections.
In the regional elections of 2006,which were held on the third Sunday of the month of November of that year;Yehude Simon ran and won the elections again,defeating the Peruvian Aprista Party (for the second time) and the Independent Solidarity Friendship Movement.
Since July 2008 he has been the president of the moderate center-left Peruvian Humanist Party.
On October 14,2008,Simon was sworn in as President of the Council of Ministers,a position akin to that of a Prime Minister,replacing Jorge del Castillo who resigned in aftermath of the Petroaudios scandal. [3] [4] [5] [6] President Alan García had appointed Simon,who is politically to the left of García,in an effort to mollify the country's poor and nationalists who are considered "hard-line leftists" by the right-wing Peruvian parties. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
In June 2009,Simon announced that he would resign as prime minister "in the coming weeks",following violence over the land rights of Amazon Indians. [8] He resigned on July 10,2009 and was replaced on July 11,2009 by Javier Velásquez Quesquén.
Simon went on to apologize to the indigenous people,acknowledging the government had not properly consulted with the Amazon Indians prior to passing ten controversial laws,designed to ease foreign companies in the exploration of the Amazon for oil,gas and lumber. Simon pledged to work to persuade the Peruvian congress to repeal these controversial laws. Peru's indigenous leaders had launched protest strikes and blockades in April 2009;resulting in 34 persons killed,including 23 policemen;in bloody clashes between the Amazon Indians and the Peruvian police. [9] [10]
In the 2011 general election Simon was elected Congressman for Lambayeque on the list of the Alliance for the Great Change to which his Humanist Party has integrated. He was Second Vice President of Congress for the annual 2011-2012 term. On January 17,2012,using his congressional vote,he tipped the balance against the lawlessness of Congressman and former Vice President Omar Chehade accused of criminal offenses,This earned him wide criticism from the press and from the majority of the population. Days later,on January 31,he regretted his vote in favor of avoiding Chehade's lawlessness,not for protecting alleged criminal offenses,but for not respecting the agreement of the Alliance for the Great Change on this issue. [11]
On January 24,2020,Simón was preliminarily detained for 10 days for having accepted bribes from Odebrecht in the Olmos Project. He was sentenced to house arrest for 36 months. [12] [13] [14]
The Peruvian Aprista Party is a Peruvian political party and a member of the Socialist International. The party was founded as the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance by Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre,who originally intended to create a network of anti-imperialist social and political movements in Latin America. Members are called "compañeros",based on the fraternity espoused by Haya de la Torre. Originally a centre-left to left-wing party with democratic socialist and nationalist elements,the party moved closer to the political centre under the leadership of Alan García starting in the 1980s,embracing social democracy and later some Third Way policies. In 2006,the party adopted a new platform as García's second presidency implemented a series of policies labelled as centre-right,embracing free-market capitalism,dialogue with other right-wing parties and organizations in the country,and closer ties with the Catholic Church and Evangelical churches.
Luis Juan Alva Castro is a Peruvian economist and politician. In his political career,he achieved the government positions of Second Vice President of Peru,Prime Minister of Peru,President of the Congress and among other portfolios during both administrations of President Alan García.
Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez was a Peruvian politician who served as President of Peru for two non-consecutive terms from 1985 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2011. He was the second leader of the Peruvian Aprista Party and to date the only party member ever to have served as President. Mentored by the founder of the APRA,Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre,he served in the Constituent Assembly of 1978–1979. Elected to the Peruvian Congress in 1980,he rose to the position of General Secretary of the APRA in 1982,and was subsequently elected to the presidency in 1985 in a landslide victory at the age of 35 years.
Chiclayo is the principal city and capital of the Lambayeque region and Chiclayo Province in northern Peru. It is located 13 kilometers from the Pacific coast,208 kilometers from the city of Trujillo and 770 kilometers from the country's capital,Lima. It was founded under the name of "Santa María de los Valles de Chiclayo".
Mercedes Cabanillas Bustamante is a Peruvian educator and politician. A prominent member of the Peruvian Aprista Party,she served as Minister of Education in the first presidency of Alan García,making her the first woman to assume a cabinet position in the history of Peru. Most recently,she briefly served as Minister of Interior in Alan García's second presidency,a position subject to scrutiny as she was signaled as responsible of the repression of natives in the 2009 Amazon crisis,in Bagua,which forced her to resign,and effectively ended her political career.
Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso is a Peruvian politician and former military officer who served as President of Peru from 2011 to 2016. Originally a socialist and left-wing nationalist,he is considered to have shifted towards neoliberalism and the political centre during his presidency.
The Peruvian Humanist Party,formerly the is a humanist political party in Peru,and a former member of the Decentralization Coalition together with the Partido por la Democracia Social - Compromiso Perú. The PMHP won the regional elections of 2002 for the northern region of Lambayeque.
National Solidarity Party,was a conservative Peruvian political party. Founded in 1998 for the 2000 general election to support the candidacy of Luis Castañeda Lossio,a former Lima City Council member from Popular Action. Following the end of Alberto Fujimori's regime,the party formed the National Unity coalition with the Christian People's Party and other minor parties. Led by Lourdes Flores,the coalition placed third at the 2001 and 2006 general elections,while at municipal level,it won the capital city of Lima with Castañeda as the mayoral nominee.
Ángel Javier Velásquez Quesquén is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. A prominent member of the Peruvian Aprista Party,he has served in Congress between 2001 and 2019,previously serving from 1995 to 2000. In Alan García's second presidency,Velásquez was sworn as the third Prime Minister of Peru of the administration,succeeding Yehude Simon in 2009. He resigned his post in 2010 with the intention to run for the Peruvian Aprista Party presidential nomination later that year. Although not selected as the nominee,he was part of the presidential ticket of Mercedes Aráoz in which he was the candidate for First Vice President until her withdrawal from the election in January 2011. In 2016,he was reelected for a fifth term in Congress,representing the Lambayeque Region under the Popular Alliance which consisted of the APRA and PPC.
Luis Humberto Falla Lamadrid is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. He is a former Congressman,elected in the 2006 elections,representing the Lambayeque region for the 2006–2011 term.He lost his seat in the 2011 elections,when he ran for re-election,but he received a low number of votes. He was previously a deputy representing the Lambayeque region from 1990 to 1992 when President Alberto Fujimori shut Congress down in a self-coup. Falla belongs to the Peruvian Aprista Party.
Claude Maurice Mulder Bedoya,known as Mauricio Mulder,is a Peruvian politician,lawyer and former journalist. One of the most prominent and influential members of the Peruvian Aprista Party,he was Congressman from 2001 to 2019,representing Lima. From 2004 to 2010,he held the office of party Secretary General.
JoséLeón Luna Gálvez is a Peruvian economist and politician originally from the National Solidarity party who later founded the Podemos Perúand was a Congressman representing Lima between 2000 and 2016. He was the Third Vice President of the Congress between 2012 and 2014.
Aurelio Pastor Valdivieso is a Peruvian lawyer and politician and a former Congressman representing San Martín for the 2006-2011 term. Pastor belongs to the Peruvian Aprista Party. He was defeated in the 2011 election,when he ran for re-election for a seat in Lima. He was the Minister of Justice during the Second presidency of Alan García from July 2009 to September 2010.
The University of San Martin de Porres (USMP) is a private nonprofit university located in the city of Lima,Peru. It was founded by the Dominican Order of the Catholic Church in 1962.
Enrique Javier Cornejo Ramirez is a Peruvian politician who was the former Minister of Transportation and Communications that was under President Alan García from September 2010 to July 2011. Prior to that,he was the Minister of Housing and Construction.
Julio Armando Guzmán Cáceres is a Peruvian economist,politician,and leader of the Purple Party who ran for President in the 2021 general elections getting just over 2% of valid votes. He was formerly the leader of the All for Peru political party,running for president for the party in the 2016 general elections,but was disqualified,due to the irregularities of the nomination process.
Luis JoséNava Guibert is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. He served as Secretary General of the Presidency,from July 2006 to May 2011;and Minister of Production,from May to July 2011,during the second presidency of Alan García.
Carlos Roca Cáceres is a Peruvian politician. A prominent member of the Peruvian Aprista Party,he was signaled in his youth as one of Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre's main disciples,alongside future President of Peru,Alan García. In his political career,he served in the Constituent Assembly of 1978–1979,which drafted the Constitution of 1979,in the now-abolished Chamber of Deputies,and finally as Peruvian Ambassador to Italy,appointed in Alan García's second presidency.
Let's Go Peru was a centre-left and social democratic Peruvian political party. Headquartered in Lima,the party mainly operated in the Callao.
Martín Amado Rivas Texeira is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. He was elected as a Congressman of the Republic of Peru for the 2011–2016 period,representing the Lambayeque Department under the Nationalist-dominated Peru Wins ticket. He has been serving in Congress since March 2010 as the replacement for the disqualified Gustavo Espinoza. Rivas belongs to the Peruvian Nationalist Party.
Article drawn primarily from Spanish-language Wikipedia entry of same name