Zhuganpo Formation

Last updated
Zhuganpo Formation
Stratigraphic range: Upper Ladinian - Lower Carnian
Type Geological formation
Underlies Xiaowa Formation
Overlies Yangliujing Formation
Lithology
Primary limestone, marl
Location
Region Guizhou Province, Yunnan Province
CountryFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Extent Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau

The Zhuganpo Formation is a Triassic geologic unit found in southern China. It has historically been known as the Zhuganpo Member of the Falang Formation. A diverse fossil assemblage known as the Xingyi biota or Xingyi Fauna can be found in the upper part of the Zhuganpo Formation. Fossils of the Xingyi biota include articulated skeletons of marine reptiles, abundant fish, and a plentiful assortment of invertebrates indicating a Ladinian to Carnian age for the sediments of the formation. [1] [2]

Contents

Paleobiota

Invertebrates

Fish

Reptiles

Reptiles of the Zhuganpo Formation
GenusSpeciesNotesImages
Anshunsaurus A. huangnihensis [17] An askeptosauroid thalattosaur [18]
Diandongosuchus fuyuanensis Diandongosuchus fuyuanensis.jpg
Diandongosuchus fuyuanensis
Keichousaurus hui Keichousaurus NT small.jpg
Keichousaurus hui
Guizhouichthyosaurus Guizhouichthyosaurus SW.png
Guizhouichthyosaurus
A. wushaensis [19] An askeptosauroid thalattosaur [20]
Brevicaudosaurus B. jiyangshanensisA small nothosaur with an unusually short torso and tail [21]
Diandongosuchus [22] D. fuyuanensisA semiaquatic archosauriform, interpreted as a basal phytosaur [23]
Dingxiaosaurus D. luyinensisA pistosauroid of uncertain validity. [24] Previously believed to have been from the Yangliujing Formation. [1]
Fuyuansaurus [25] F. acutirostrisA "protorosaur" archosauromorph, [25] possibly a tanystropheid [26] [27]
Glyphoderma [28] G. kangiA placochelyid placodont
Guizhouichthyosaurus G. sp. [2] [29] A large predatory merriamosaurian ichthyosaur
Keichousaurus K. huiA keichousaurid pachypleurosaur [30] [31]
Lariosaurus L. xingyiensisA small nothosaur [32] [33]
Litorosuchus [34] L. somniiA semiaquatic archosauriform related to Vancleavea campi
Macrocnemus M. fuyuanensisA small basal tanystropheid [35]
Nothosaurus N. youngiA large nothosaur [36]
Qianichthyosaurus Q. xingyiensis [37] A small toretocnemid ichthyosaur [2]
Qianxisaurus [38] Q. chajiangensisA basal eosauropterygian, possibly related to pachypleurosaurs or nothosaurs
Tanystropheus T. cf. hydroides [39] A large tanystropheid, previously classified as T. cf. longobardicus [40]
T. sp.A small tanystropheid, previously classified as T. cf. longobardicus [40]
Wangosaurus [41] W. brevirostrisA pistosauroid
Xinpusaurus X. xingyiensis [42] A thalattosauroid thalattosaur [29]
Yunguisaurus Y. liaeA pistosauroid [43] [24]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pachypleurosauria</span> Extinct suborder of reptiles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thalattosauria</span> Extinct order of sea reptiles

Thalattosauria is an extinct order of prehistoric marine reptiles that lived in the Middle to Late Triassic. Thalattosaurs were diverse in size and shape, and are divided into two superfamilies: Askeptosauroidea and Thalattosauroidea. Askeptosauroids were endemic to the Tethys Ocean, their fossils have been found in Europe and China, and they were likely semiaquatic fish eaters with straight snouts and decent terrestrial abilities. Thalattosauroids were more specialized for aquatic life and most had unusual downturned snouts and crushing dentition. Thalattosauroids lived along the coasts of both Panthalassa and the Tethys Ocean, and were most diverse in China and western North America. The largest species of thalattosaurs grew to over 4 meters (13 feet) in length, including a long, flattened tail utilized in underwater propulsion. Although thalattosaurs bore a superficial resemblance to lizards, their exact relationships are unresolved. They are widely accepted as diapsids, but experts have variously placed them on the reptile family tree among Lepidosauromorpha, Archosauromorpha, ichthyosaurs, and/or other marine reptiles.

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<i>Qianichthyosaurus</i> Extinct genus of reptiles

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References

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  37. ↑ Yang, P.F., Ji, C., Jiang, D.Y., Motani, R., Tintori, A., Sun, Y.L., Sun, Z.Y. (2013). "A new species of Qianichthyosaurus (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from Xingyi Fauna (Ladinian, Middle Triassic) of Guizhou". Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis (in Chinese). 49: 1002–1008.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  40. 1 2 Rieppel, Olivier; Jiang, Da-Yong; Fraser, Nicholas C.; Hao, Wei-Cheng; Motani, Ryosuke; Sun, Yuan-Lin; Sun, Zuo-Yu (2010). "Tanystropheus cf. T. Longobardicus from the early Late Triassic of Guizhou Province, southwestern China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (4): 1082–1089. Bibcode:2010JVPal..30.1082R. doi:10.1080/02724634.2010.483548. JSTOR   40864387. S2CID   86315078.
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  42. ↑ Li, Z.-G.; Jiang, D.-Y.; Rieppel, O.; Motani, R.; Tintori, A.; Sun, Z.-Y.; Ji, C. (2016-11-01). "A new species of Xinpusaurus (Reptilia, Thalattosauria) from the Ladinian (Middle Triassic) of Xingyi, Guizhou, southwestern China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (6): e1218340. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E8340L. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1218340. ISSN   0272-4634. S2CID   132418823.
  43. ↑ Sato, Tamaki; Zhao, Li-Jun; Wu, Xiao-Chun; Li, Chun (2014). Ruta, Marcello (ed.). "A new specimen of the Triassic pistosauroid Yunguisaurus , with implications for the origin of Plesiosauria (Reptilia, Sauropterygia)". Palaeontology. 57 (1): 55–76. Bibcode:2014Palgy..57...55S. doi: 10.1111/pala.12048 . S2CID   129457774.


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