Pholidophoridae Temporal range: | |
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Fossil of Pholidorhynchodon malzanni | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | † Pholidophoriformes |
Family: | † Pholidophoridae Woodward, 1890 |
Genera [1] | |
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Pholidophoridae is an extinct family of primitive stem-teleost fish that lived during the Triassic period. Most of the genera are from the Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian ages) of Europe, but one ( Malingichthys ) is known from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China. [1] The pholidophorids were historically united with several other stem-teleost lineages into the order Pholidophoriformes; however, Pholidophoriformes in its traditional sense is now thought to be paraphyletic with respect to crown group teleosts. [3]
Below is a cladogram simplified after Bean (2021): [4]
Teleosteomorpha |
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Neopterygii is a subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii). Neopterygii includes the Holostei and the Teleostei, of which the latter comprise the vast majority of extant fishes, and over half of all living vertebrate species. While living holosteans include only freshwater taxa, teleosts are diverse in both freshwater and marine environments. Many new species of teleosts are scientifically described each year.
Pholidophorus is an extinct genus of stem-teleost fish. Numerous species were assigned to this genus in the past, but only the type species Pholidophorus latiusculus, from the Late Triassic of Europe, is considered to be a valid member of the genus today.
Ichthyodectiformes is an extinct order of marine stem-teleost ray-finned fish. The order is named after the genus Ichthyodectes, established by Edward Drinker Cope in 1870. Ichthyodectiforms are usually considered to be some of the closest relatives of the teleost crown group.
Leptolepidae is an extinct family of herring-like stem-teleost fish found throughout the world during the Jurassic. They were among the first fish to possess certain teleost synapomorphies, such as cycloid scales and fully ossified vertebrae.
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Antofagastaichthys is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived in what is now Chile during the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic epoch. It contains one species, A. mandibularis, which is known from several fragmentary specimens discovered in the El Profeta Formation of Antofagasta Province.
Prohalecites is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Ladinian and possibly Carnian (Triassic) of Italy. It is the oldest known teleosteomorph, a group that includes extant teleosts and their close fossil relatives.
Pholidorhynchodon is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived in the Triassic. Its fossils have been found in Italy, in the Zorzino Limestone Formation in Cene.
This list of fossil fish species is a list of taxa of fish that have been described during the year 2012. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2013 is a list of new taxa of placoderms, fossil cartilaginous fishes and bony fishess of every kind that have been described during the year 2013. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2016 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes and other fishes of every kind that have been described during the year 2016, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of fishes that occurred in the year 2016. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2017 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes and other fishes of every kind that are scheduled to be described during the year 2017, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of fishes that are scheduled to occur in the year 2017. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.
This list of fossil fish described in 2018 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fish, bony fish, and other fish of every kind that are scheduled to be described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of fish that are scheduled to occur in 2018.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2019 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes of every kind that were described during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2019.
Dorsetichthys is an extinct genus of stem-teleost ray-finned fish from the Early Jurassic period of Europe.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2020 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes of every kind that were described during the year 2020, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2020.
Ginglymodi is a clade of ray-finned fish containing modern-day gars (Lepisosteidae) and their extinct relatives, including the family Lepidotidae and the orders Semionotiformes and Kyphosichthyiformes, and various other extinct taxa. Ginglymodi is one of the two major subgroups of the infraclass Holostei, the other one being Halecomorphi, which contains the bowfin and its fossil relatives.
Siyuichthyidae is an extinct family of stem-teleost fish known from the Early Cretaceous Tugulu Group of Xinjiang, China. It contains five genera with a total of nine species, all of which are based on poor remains.