| Pholidorhynchodon | |
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| Genus: | Pholidorhynchodon |
| Species: | P. malzannii (Zambelli 1980) [1] |
Pholidorhynchodon is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived in the Triassic. [1] [2] Its fossils have been found in Italy, in the Zorzino Limestone Formation in Cene.
Pholidorhynchodon belongs to a group of fish that are right at the very base of the teleosts. Teleost fish include almost all living fish species, and have their origins in the Triassic. This makes Pholidorhynchodon important because it provides information about the early evolution and development of this important group. [3]
Neopterygii is a subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii). Neopterygii includes the Holostei and the Teleostei, of which the latter comprise the vast majority of extant fishes, and over half of all living vertebrate species. While living holosteans include only freshwater taxa, teleosts are diverse in both freshwater and marine environments. Many new species of teleosts are scientifically described each year.
Pholidophorus is an extinct genus of stem-teleost fish. Numerous species were assigned to this genus in the past, but only the type species Pholidophorus latiusculus, from the Late Triassic of Europe, is considered to be a valid member of the genus today.
Hovasaurus is an extinct genus of basal diapsid reptile. It lived in what is now Madagascar during the Late Permian and Early Triassic, being a survivor of the Permian–Triassic extinction event and the paleontologically youngest member of the Tangasauridae. Fossils have been found in the Permian Lower and Triassic Middle Sakamena Formations of the Sakamena Group, where it is amongst the commonest fossils. Its morphology suggests an aquatic ecology.
Holostei is a group of ray-finned bony fish. It is divided into two major clades, the Halecomorphi, represented by the single living genus, Amia with two species, the bowfins, as well as the Ginglymodi, the sole living representatives being the gars (Lepisosteidae), represented by seven living species in two genera. The earliest members of the clade appeared during the Early Triassic, over 250 million years ago.
Luisiella is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic epoch. Fossils of the genus have been found in either the Cañadón Calcáreo Formation or Cañadón Asfalto Formation in Chubut Province, Argentina.
Watsonulus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar. It may have also existed in what is now Himachal Pradesh, India, during the Induan age.
Helmolepis is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Greenland, Madagascar and Canada. Species of Helmolepis are small. This genus is closely related with Platysiagum.
Brookvalia is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch.
Dictyopyge is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Late Triassic epoch.
Helichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Early Triassic.
Sakamenichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch.
Pteronisculus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic and Middle Triassic epochs of the Triassic period.
Habroichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the early Ladinian stage of the Middle Triassic epoch, 242 to 232 million years ago. It has been found in Austria, China, Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland. It was a small fish measuring 26 cm (10 in) long.
Bobasatrania is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that survived the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Fossils of Bobasatrania were found in beds of Changhsingian to Ladinian age. It was most speciose during the Early Triassic. The genus was named after the locality Bobasatrana in northeast Madagascar, from where the type species was described.
Prohalecites is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Ladinian and possibly Carnian (Triassic) of Italy. It is the oldest known teleosteomorph, a group that includes extant teleosts and their close fossil relatives.
Placopleurus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish from the Triassic period of Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland.
Paralepidotus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish.
Ohmdenia is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the Toarcian stage of the Early Jurassic epoch. Ohmdenia was first described in 1953 by B. Hauff, based on a fossil found in the well-known Posidonia Shale in Holzmaden, Germany. For a long time this animal has been considered a close relative of Birgeria, a great predator typical of the Triassic period with an uncertain systematic position. Further studies have shown similarities with the Pachycormiformes, a group considered close to the origin of teleosts and also including giant forms and planktives. Some studies have erroneously indicated Ohmdenia as a synonym of Saurostomus, other studies have instead placed Ohmdenia as an important evolutionary passage between the basal pachicormiforms and the more derived planktivore pachicormiformes.
Dorsetichthys is an extinct genus of stem-teleost ray-finned fish from the Early Jurassic period of Europe.
Pholidophoridae is an extinct family of primitive stem-teleost fish that lived during the Triassic period. Most of the genera are from the Late Triassic of Europe, but one (Malingichthys) is known from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China. The pholidophorids were historically united with several other stem-teleost lineages into the order Pholidophoriformes; however, Pholidophoriformes in its traditional sense is now thought to be paraphyletic with respect to crown group teleosts.
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