Crossognathiformes

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Crossognathiformes
Temporal range: Late Jurassic to Middle Eocene
Rhacolepis Vienna.jpg
Rhacolepis fossil
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Division: Teleostei
Order:† Crossognathiformes
Taverne, 1989
Type genus
† Crossognathus
Pictet, 1858
Subgroups

See text

Crossognathiformes is an extinct order of ray-finned fish that lived from the Late Jurassic to the Eocene. Its phylogenetic placement is disputed; some authors have recovered it as part of the teleost stem group, [1] while others place it in a basal position within crown group Teleostei. [2] Other placements have found it to be polyphyletic, with Varasichthyidae being stem-group teleosts whereas the other, "true" crossognathiforms are crown-group teleosts within Teleocephala. [2]

Contents

The oldest definitive crossognathiforms are known from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Chile. They diversified afterwards and became a dominant group of marine fish throughout much of the Cretaceous. The last surviving member was the pachyrhizodontid Platinx from the Eocene. [3]

Classification

Order CrossognathiformesTaverne, 1989 [1] [4]

Timeline of genera

QuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousHolocenePleistocenePlioceneMioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousPlatinxMoorevilliaZanclitesBananogmiusSyntengmodusNiobraraMartinichthysLuxilitesEnischorhynchusElopopsisTselfatiaProtobramaParanogmiusApsopelixPachyrizodusPlethodusRhacolepisAraripichthysGreenwoodellaCrossognathusQuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousHolocenePleistocenePlioceneMioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousCrossognathiformes

Bibliography

References

  1. 1 2 Nelson, J. S.; Grande, T. C.; Wilson, M. V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN   9781118342336.
  2. 1 2 Sferco, E.; López-Arbarello, A.; Báez, A. M. (2015). "Phylogenetic relationships of †Luisiella feruglioi (Bordas) and the recognition of a new clade of freshwater teleosts from the Jurassic of Gondwana". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15 (1): 268. doi: 10.1186/s12862-015-0551-6 . PMC   4668602 . PMID   26630925.
  3. ↑ Arratia, Gloria; Tischlinger, Helmut (2010-08-05). "The first record of Late Jurassic crossognathiform fishes from Europe and their phylogenetic importance for teleostean phylogeny". Fossil Record. 13 (2): 317–341. doi: 10.1002/mmng.201000005 .
  4. ↑ van der Laan, R. (2016). "Family-group names of fossil fishes".{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ↑ Arratia, G.; Tischlinger, H. (2010). "The first record of Late Jurassic crossognathiform fishes from Europe and their phylogenetic importance for teleostean phylogeny". Fossil Record. 13 (2): 317–341. doi: 10.1002/mmng.201000005 .
  6. ↑ Veysey, A. J.; Brito, P. M.; Martill, D. M. (2020). "A new crossognathiform fish (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of southern Morocco with hypertrophied fins". Cretaceous Research. 114: 104207. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104207. S2CID   202200253.
  7. ↑ London, M. G.; Shimada, K. (2020). "A new pachyrhizodontid fish (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) from the Tarrant Formation (Cenomanian) of the Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Group in Texas, USA". Cretaceous Research. 113: 104490. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104490. S2CID   219066064.
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