Platinx Temporal range: | |
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Specimen from Monte Bolca | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | † Crossognathiformes |
Family: | † Pachyrhizodontidae |
Genus: | † Platinx Agassiz, 1835 |
Species: | †P. macropterus |
Binomial name | |
†Platinx macropterus (de Blainville, 1818) | |
Synonyms | |
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Platinx is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish that inhabited the northern Tethys Ocean during the early to middle Eocene. [1] It was the last surviving member of the ancient order Crossognathiformes, which was a dominant and successful group throughout the preceding Mesozoic era. [2] [3]
It contains a single species, P. macropterus, whose remains are primarily known from the late Ypresian-aged rocks of Monte Bolca, Italy. [4] However, specimens have also been recovered from the earliest-Ypresian Danata Formation of Turkmenistan (sometimes placed in their own distinct species, P. cognitusDaniltshenko, 1968, although these do not appear to be distinct enough from P. macropterus), [3] as well as incomplete remains from the middle Eocene of Syria. [5]
The extinct bonytongues Monopteros and Thrissopterus , which co-occur with Platinx in Monte Bolca, were for a time briefly reclassified as a species of Platinx (P. gigas), although they are now known to be distinct. [3] [6]
The moonfish of the genus Mene, the sole extant genus of the family Menidae, are disk-shaped fish which bear a vague resemblance to gourami, thanks to their thread-like pelvic fins. Today, the genus is represented only by Mene maculata of the Indo-Pacific, where it is a popular food fish, especially in the Philippines, where it is known as bilong-bilong, chabita, hiwas or tahas.
Blochius is an extinct genus of billfish from the Eocene. It is only known from the Monte Bolca deposits in Italy, and was likely restricted to shallow, tropical waters of the Tethys Ocean.
Ceratoichthys is an extinct genus of lookdown-like prehistoric jackfish that lived during the late Ypresian epoch, of the Early Eocene. It contains a single species, C. pinnatiformis of Monte Bolca, Italy. It and Vomeropsis are the only known members of the extinct subfamily Vomeropsinae.
Calamostoma is an extinct relative of the ghost pipefish that lived during the early Eocene. It contains a single species, C. lesiniforme from the famous Monte Bolca site of Italy. It is one of the few known fossil ghost pipefishes. Calamostoma and the other Bolca solenostomid, Solenorhynchus, are both placed in the extinct subfamily Solenorhynchinae.
Aulorhamphus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived from the early to middle Eocene. It contains four species known from the Early Eocene of Italy and the Middle Eocene of Russia. It was an aulorhamphid, an extinct family of syngnathiform fishes.
Anguilloides is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine eel that lived in the early Eocene. It contains a single species, A. branchiostegalis. Fossils are known from the famous Monte Bolca site of Italy.
Bolcyrus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine eel that lived during the Early Eocene. It was a member of the family Congridae, which also contains modern conger eels.
Aramichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine scombrid fish that lived during the middle division of the Eocene epoch. It contains a single species, A. dammeseki from Syria. Its remains were recovered from a chalk-marl quarry in the vicinity of Dummar.
Bolcanguilla is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine eel that lived during the early division of the Eocene epoch. It contains a single species, B. brachycephala from the Monte Bolca site of Italy. Its exact taxonomic affinities within the Anguilliformes remain uncertain.
Acanthonemus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived from the early Eocene. It contains a single species, A. subaureus, known from the famous Monte Bolca site in Italy. It is the only genus in the extinct family Acanthonemidae.
Callipteryx is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine trachiniform fish that lived during the early Eocene. It is the only known member of the extinct family Callipterygidae. It is thought to have been a relative of weeverfishes.
Eozanclus brevirostris is an extinct relative of the Moorish idol that lived during the late Ypresian epoch of the Eocene in what is now Monte Bolca, northern Italy. It differs from its living relative by having a much shorter snout.
Carangopsis is an extinct relative of the bluefish that lived during the early Eocene. It contains two species, both from the famous Monte Bolca site of Italy.
Carangodes is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the early Eocene. It contains a single species, C. bicornis, from the famous Monte Bolca site in Italy. It is the only known member of the extinct perciform family Carangodidae.
Dapalis is an extinct genus of prehistoric glassfish known from the Late Cretaceous to the Early Miocene. It is known from both freshwater and marine habitats of India, Australia, New Zealand, and much of mainland Europe.
Dalpiazella is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine eel from the Eocene of Europe. It contains a single species, D. brevicauda, from the late Ypresian-aged Monte Bolca lagerstatten of Italy. It is though to be closely related to the sympatric genus Paranguilla, with both genera together constituting the family Paranguillidae.
Sharfia mirabilis is an extinct species of anglerfish in the family Lophiidae. It was discovered in 2011 during a review of fossil material at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. The fossil material was collected from the Monte Bolca Lagerstätte, one of the earliest known Eocene fossil sites. The undescribed genus was originally identified as Lophius brachysomus.
Pristigenys is a genus of marine ray-finned fish in the family Priacanthidae. It contains five extant species and one extinct species, P. substriata, which is known from fossils found in the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy.
Cyclopoma is an extinct genus of marine perciform fish from the Eocene. It is known from the Ypresian to the Lutetian of Europe and eastern North America.