Nepticulidae is a family of very small moths with a worldwide distribution. They are characterised by eyecaps over the eyes. These pigmy moths or midget moths, as they are commonly known, include the smallest of all living moths, with a wingspan that can be as little as 3 mm in the case of the European pigmy sorrel moth, but more usually 3.5–10 mm. The wings of adult moths are narrow and lanceolate, sometimes with metallic markings, and with the venation very simplified compared to most other moths.
The chestnut casebearer moth is a species of moth in the family Coleophoridae. It is endemic to the United States, where it is found in Indiana, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. It is a highly specialized species, its larvae feed specifically on the leaves of the American Chestnut. It was thought the species became extinct when many American chestnut trees died due to an infection of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, which was accidentally introduced from Asia around 1900. However, this species was rediscovered.
The phleophagan chestnut moth was a species of moth in the family Nepticulidae. It was endemic to the United States, where it was known from Virginia.
Ectoedemia atrifrontella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in most of Europe except Iceland, Ireland, Belgium and most of the Balkan Peninsula. It is also present in the Near East.
Ectoedemia liebwerdella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It occurs locally in central and southern Europe, east to the Volga and Ural regions of Russia.
Ectoedemia hannoverella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae found in Asia and Europe. The larva mines the leaves of poplars causing a small gall in the petiole.
Ectoedemia longicaudella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from most of Europe, east to Belgorod and Kaluga in Russia. It is also present in the Near East.
Ectoedemia turbidella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae and is found in most of Europe. The larva mine the leaves of poplar trees and was first described by the German entomologist Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1848.
Ectoedemia amani is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in southern Norway, southern Sweden, Denmark, Austria, and Macedonia.
Ectoedemia liguricella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in the western part of the Mediterranean region, where it is known from the Italian Riviera, France, Spain and Morocco. It occurs from sea-level to high elevations in the mountains
Ectoedemia klimeschi is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in eastern and south-eastern Europe, where it is especially common in the Danube basin, from western Germany to Romania. It has also been recorded from eastern Germany, Poland, Switzerland and northern Italy.
Ectoedemia preisseckeri is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from the Czech Republic and Slovakia to Italy and Greece.
Ectoedemia quinquella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from Great Britain and France to Italy, Bulgaria and Greece.
Ectoedemia phyllotomella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is only known from Liguria and Lucania in northern Italy.
Ectoedemia minimella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is widely distributed in the Holarctic.
Stigmella cypracma is a species of moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North and South Islands. The larvae of this species are leaf miners and pupate within their mines. The larval host species is Brachyglottis repanda. Adult moths are on the wing in February and September to November. This species has two generations per year.
Stigmella fulva is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North Island around Mount Taranaki, in the South Island and at Stewart Island. The species' eggs are laid singly but a considerable number may be deposited on the upper surface of one leaf. The incubation period can last from a week to a month depending on climatic conditions. The larvae mine the leaves of their host plants which are all in the genus Olearia. Larvae have been recorded in all months except January, February and June. The cocoon is brown and spun amongst the leaf litter under its host plant. The pupal period has been shown to range from 21 days to 79 days, again depending on climatic conditions. Adults have been observed on the wing January until March and August to December. They are active in the sun about their larval food plant.
Stigmella hoheriae is a species of moth of the family Nepticulidae. This day flying moth is found in New Zealand in both the North and South Islands. It inhabits native forest. Eggs are laid on the surface of a still growing leaf of a host plant. Larvae feed on Hoheria species such as Hoheria glabrata, Hoheria populnea, Hoheria sexstylosa and Hoheria angustifolia and have been recorded from February to August. The larvae of S. hoheriae are leaf miners. Their mines create blotches on the host plant leaves. S. hoheriae larvae pupate in a silk cocoon on the ground at the base of their food plant. Adult moths have been observed on the wing in February and from July to December. This species is rarely noticed as it is very small and as a result does not tend to attract attention when on the wing.
Stigmella tricentra is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in New Zealand.
Allophylus natalensis, commonly known as the dune false crowberry or dune false currant, is a species of plant in the genus Allophylus native to south-eastern Africa.
