It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.[2][3]
The head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Veracruz. The district reported a population of 375,657 in the 2020 Census.[1]
Because of shifting demographics, Veracruz currently has four fewer districts than the 23 the state was allocated under the 1977 electoral reforms.[10]
2017–2022
Between 2017 and 2022, Veracruz was assigned 20 electoral districts. The 12th district covered 181 precincts (secciones electorales) in the municipality of Veracruz, plus the municipalities of Boca del Río, Jamapa, Manlio Fabio Altamirano and Medellín. Its head town was the city of Veracruz.[12][11]
2005–2017
Veracruz's allocation of congressional seats fell to 21 in the 2005 redistricting process.[10] Between 2005 and 2017 the 12th district had its head town at Veracruz and it comprised the north-western portion of the municipality of Veracruz.[13][14]
1996–2005
Under the 1996 districting plan, which allocated Veracruz 23 districts, the head town was the city of Veracruz and the district covered the city and its surrounding municipality.[15][14]
1978–1996
The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Veracruz's seat allocation rose from 15 to 23.[9] The 12th district had its head town at Cosamaloapan and it covered the municipalities of Acula, Alvarado, Amatitlán, Cosamaloapan, Chacaltianguis, Ignacio de la Llave, Ixmatlahuacán, Otatitlán, Tierra Blanca, Tlacojalpan and Tuxtilla.[16]
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