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During the parade of nations portion of the 1980 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
As the nation of the first modern Olympic Games, Greece entered the stadium first; whereas, the host nation Soviet Union marched last, in accordance with the tradition and IOC guidelines. As each delegation entered accompanied by the Soviet march music, the national name was announced in Russian. [1] [2] [3]
Eighty nations entered the stadium with a combined total of 5,179 athletes, the smallest since 1956. Seven of them made their Olympic debut, namely Angola, Botswana, Cyprus, Jordan, Laos, Mozambique and Seychelles. [4]
In partial support of the United States-led boycott, sixteen countries marched into the Olympic stadium under the Olympic flag. Seven of them, however, did not attend the opening ceremonies, their flags were instead carried by Moscow Olympic Committee volunteers. Two other countries (Great Britain and Ireland) paraded into the Stadium only with their officials, [5] [6] while four of them participated under the Olympic flag with their athletes. New Zealand, Portugal, and Spain, on the other hand, participated in the Games under their NOC flags. [7] Due to the boycott, this marked the United States' first (and only) absence from the Olympics for the first time in the 84-year history. United States (Соединённые Штаты Америки Soyedinyonnyye Shtaty Ameriki, "United States of America") would have marched between Syria and Tanzania, Somalia joined the US-led boycott.
The following is a list of each country's announced flag bearer. The list is sorted by the order in which each nation appears in the parade of nations. The names are given in their official designations by the IOC.
This table is sortable by country name (in Russian), the flag bearer's name, and the flag bearer's sport.
| Order | Nation | Russian | Transliteration | Flag bearer | Sport |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Greece (GRE) | Греция | Gretsiya | Ilias Hatzipavlis | Sailing |
| 2 |  Australia (AUS) | Австралия | Avstraliya | Denise Boyd | Athletics |
| Max Metzker | Swimming | ||||
| 3 |  Austria (AUT) | Австрия | Avstriya | Karl Ferstl | Sailing |
| 4 |  Algeria (ALG) | Алжир | Alzhir | Djamel Yahiouche | Swimming |
| 5 |  Angola (ANG) | Ангола | Angola | Fernando Lopes | Swimming |
| 6 | Andorra (AND) | ОК Андорра | OK Andorra | Joan Tomàs Roca | Shooting |
| 7 |  Afghanistan (AFG) | Афганистан | Afghanistan | Ibrahim Shudzandin | Wrestling |
| 8 | Belgium (BEL) | КОИБ (Бельгия) | KOIB (Beľgiya) | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 9 |  Benin (BEN) | Бенин | Benin | Étienne Loco Gbodolle | Boxing |
| 10 |  Burma (BIR) | Бирма | Birma | Soe Khin | Athletics |
| 11 |  Bulgaria (BUL) | Болгария | Bolgariya | Aleksandar Tomov | Wrestling |
| 12 |  Botswana (BOT) | Ботсвана | Botsvana | Wilfred Kareng | Athletics |
| 13 |  Brazil (BRA) | Бразилия | Brazilia | João Carlos de Oliveira | Athletics |
| 14 | Great Britain (GBR) | Британская ОА | Britanskaya OA | Richard Palmer | Official |
| 15 |  Hungary (HUN) | Венгрия | Vengriya | István Szívós, Jr. | Water polo |
| 16 |  Venezuela (VEN) | Венесуэла | Venesuėla | Antonio Esparragoza | Boxing |
| 17 |  Vietnam (VIE) | Вьетнам | Vyetnam | Phan Huy Khảng | Shooting |
| 18 |  Guyana (GUY) | Гайана | Gaïana | James Gilkes | Athletics |
| 19 |  Guatemala (GUA) | Гватемала | Gvatemala | Carlos Silva | Shooting |
| 20 |  Guinea (GUI) | Гвинея | Gvinea | Mamadou Diallo | Judo |
| 21 |  German Democratic Republic (GDR) | ГДР | GDR [n 1] | Kristina Richter | Handball |
| 22 | Denmark (DEN) | Дания | Daniya | Jørgen Lindhardsen | Sailing |
| 23 |  Dominican Republic (DOM) | Доминиканская Республика | Dominikanskaya Respublika | Marisela Peralta | Athletics |
| 24 |  Zambia (ZAM) | Замбия | Zambiya | Damiano Musonda | Athletics |
| 25 |  Zimbabwe (ZIM) | Зимбабве | Zimbabve | Abel Nkhoma | Athletics |
| 26 |  India (IND) | Индия | Indiya | Randhir Singh | Shooting |
| 27 |  Jordan (JOR) | Иордания | Iordaniya | Abdul Latif Abdul Magid | Official |
| 28 |  Iraq (IRQ) | Ирак | Irak | Abdul Jabbar Rahima | Athletics |
| 29 | Ireland (IRL) | Ирландия | Irlandiya | Ken Ryan | Official |
| 30 |  Iceland (ISL) | Исландия | Islandiya | Birgir Borgþórsson | Weightlifting |
| 31 |  Spain (ESP) | ОК Испании | OK Ispanii | Herminio Menéndez | Canoeing |
| 32 | Italy (ITA) | НОК Италии | NOK Italii | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 33 |  Cameroon (CMR) | Камерун | Kamerun | Nicolas Owona | Cycling |
| 34 |  Cyprus (CYP) | Кипр | Kipr | Kostas Papakostas | Judo |
| 35 |  Colombia (COL) | Колумбия | Kolumbiya | Enrique Peña | Athletics |
| 36 |  Republic of the Congo (CGO) | НР Конго | NR Kongo [n 2] | Solange Koulinka | Handball |
| 37 |  Democratic People's Republic of Korea (PRK) | КНДР | KNDR [n 3] | Jang Bong-mun | Boxing |
| 38 |  Costa Rica (CRC) | Коста-Рика | Kosta-Rika | María París | Swimming |
| 39 |  Cuba (CUB) | Куба | Kuba | Teófilo Stevenson | Boxing |
| 40 |  Kuwait (KUW) | Кувейт | Kuveït | Ibrahim Muzaffer | Judo |
| 41 |  Laos (LAO) | Лаос | Laos | Panh Khemanith | Athletics |
| 42 |  Lesotho (LES) | Лесото | Lesoto | Joseph Letseka | Athletics |
| 43 |  Liberia (LBR) [n 4] | Либерия | Liberiya | Unknown | Unknown |
| 44 |  Lebanon (LIB) | Ливан | Livan | Toni Khouri | Official |
| 45 |  Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (LBA) | Джамахирия (Джамахирии Араб Ливий) | Dzhamakhiriya (Dzhamakhirii Arab Livii) | Nuri Kaheil | Cycling |
| 46 | Luxembourg (LUX) | КОСЛ (Люксембург) | KOSL (Lyuksemburg) | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 47 |  Madagascar (MAD) | Мадагаскар | Madagaskar | Sylvain Rajefiarison | Boxing |
| 48 |  Mali (MLI) | Мали | Mali | Namakoro Niaré | Athletics |
| 49 |  Malta (MLT) | Мальта | Maľta | Frans Chetcuti | Shooting |
| 50 |  Mexico (MEX) | Мексика | Meksika | Carlos Girón | Diving |
| 51 |  Mozambique (MOZ) | Мозамбик | Mozambik | Raimundo Franisse | Swimming |
| 52 |  Mongolia (MGL) | Монголия | Mongoliya | Zevegiin Düvchin | Wrestling |
| 53 |  Nepal (NEP) | Непал | Nepal | Bishnu Malakar | Boxing |
| 54 |  Nigeria (NGR) | Нигерия | Nigeriya | Kayode Elegbede | Athletics |
| 55 | Netherlands (NED) | НОК Нидерландов | NOK Niderlandov | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 56 |  Nicaragua (NCA) | Никарагуа | Nikaragua | Xiomara Larios | Athletics |
| 57 |  New Zealand (NZL) | Новая Зеландия | Novaya Zelandiya | Brian Newth | Modern pentathlon |
| 58 |  Peru (PER) | Перу | Peru | Walter Perón | Shooting |
| 59 |  Poland (POL) | Польша | Poľsha | Czesław Kwieciński | Wrestling |
| 60 |  Portugal (POR) | ОК Португалии | OK Portugalii | Esbela da Fonseca | Gymnastics (non-participant) |
| 61 | Puerto Rico (PUR) | Пуэрто-Рико | Puėrto-Riko | Alberto Mercado | Boxing |
| 62 |  Romania (ROM) | Румыния | Rumyniya | Vasile Andrei | Wrestling |
| 63 | San Marino (SMR) | ОК Сан-Марино | OK San-Marino | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 64 |  Seychelles (SEY) | Сейшелы | Seïshely | Michael Pillay | Boxing |
| 65 |  Senegal (SEN) | Сенегал | Senegal | Abdoulaye Kote | Judo |
| 66 |  Sierra Leone (SLE) | Сьерра-Леоне | Syerra-Leone | Mohamed Bangura | Boxing |
| 67 |  Syria (SYR) | Сирия | Siriya | Jihad Naim | Shooting |
| 68 |  Tanzania (TAN) | Танзания | Tanzaniya | Filbert Bayi | Athletics |
| 69 |  Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) | Тринидад и Тобаго | Trinidad i Tobago | Hasely Crawford | Athletics |
| 70 |  Uganda (UGA) | Уганда | Uganda | John Akii-Bua | Athletics |
| 71 |  Finland (FIN) | Финляндия | Finlyandiya | Peter Tallberg | Sailing |
| 72 | France (FRA) | НОК Франции | NOK Frantsii | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 73 |  Czechoslovakia (TCH) | Чехословакия | Chekhoslovakiya | Vítězslav Mácha | Wrestling |
| 74 | Switzerland (SUI) | ОК Швейцарии | OK Shveïtsarii | Moscow 1980 – Volunteer | |
| 75 |  Sweden (SWE) | Швеция | Shvetsiya | Stig Pettersson | Athletics (official) |
| 76 |  Sri Lanka (SRI) | Шри-Ланка | Shri-Lanka | Newton Perera | Athletics |
| 77 |  Ecuador (ECU) | Эквадор | Ėkvador | Nancy Vallecilla | Athletics |
| 78 |  Ethiopia (ETH) | Эфиопия | Ėfiopiya | Miruts Yifter | Athletics |
| 79 |  Yugoslavia (YUG) | Югославия | Yugoslaviya | Matija Ljubek | Canoeing |
| 80 |  Jamaica (JAM) | Ямайка | Yamaĩka | Michael Fennell | Official |
| 81 |  Soviet Union (URS) | CCCP | SSSR [n 5] | Nikolay Balboshin | Wrestling |
The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad and officially branded as Montreal 1976, were an international multi-sport event held from July 17 to August 1, 1976, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Montreal was awarded the rights to the 1976 Games at the 69th IOC Session in Amsterdam on May 12, 1970, over the bids of Moscow and Los Angeles. It was the first and, so far, only Summer Olympic Games to be held in Canada. Toronto hosted the 1976 Summer Paralympics the same year as the Montreal Olympics, which still remains the only Summer Paralympics to be held in Canada. Calgary and Vancouver later hosted the Winter Olympic Games in 1988 and 2010, respectively. This was the first of two consecutive Olympic games held in North America, followed by the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid.
The 1980 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXII Olympiad and officially branded as Moscow 1980, were an international multi-sport event held from 19 July to 3 August 1980 in Moscow, Soviet Union, in present-day Russia. The games were the first to be staged in an Eastern Bloc country, as well as the first Olympic Games and only Summer Olympics to be held in a Slavic language-speaking country. They were also the only Summer Olympic Games to be held in a self-proclaimed communist country until the 2008 Summer Olympics held in China. These were the final Olympic Games under the IOC Presidency of Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin before he was succeeded by Juan Antonio Samaranch, a Spaniard, shortly afterwards.
The 1980 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union from 19 July to 3 August. A total of 5,179 athletes representing 80 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in 203 events in 22 sports. They were the first Games to be staged in a communist nation.
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) first participated at the Olympic Games in 1952, and competed at the Summer and Winter Games on 18 occasions subsequently. At six of its nine appearances at the Summer Olympic Games, the Soviet team ranked first in the total number of gold medals won, second three times, and became the biggest contender to the United States' domination in the Summer Games. Similarly, the team was ranked first in the gold medal count seven times and second twice in its nine appearances at the Winter Olympic Games. The Soviet Union's success might be attributed to a heavy state investment in sports to fulfill its political objectives on an international stage.
The 1980 Summer Olympics boycott was the largest boycott in Olympic history and one part of a number of actions initiated by the United States to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
The Olympic Games ceremonies of the ancient Olympic Games were an integral part of the games; modern Olympic Games have opening, closing, and medal ceremonies. Some of the elements of the modern ceremonies date back to the ancient games from which the modern Olympics draw their ancestry. An example of this is the prominence of Greece in both the opening and closing ceremonies. During the 2004 Summer Olympics, the medal winners received a crown of olive branches, which was a direct reference to the ancient games, in which the victor's prize was an olive wreath. The various elements of ceremonies are mandated by the Olympic Charter, and cannot be changed by the host nation. Host nations are required to seek the approval of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for ceremony elements, including the artistic portions of the opening and closing ceremonies.
The Opening Ceremony of the 1980 Summer Olympics was the official opening ceremony held in the afternoon at 16:00 Moscow Time (UTC+3) on 19 July 1980 in the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium. It was attended by the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Leonid Brezhnev, and IOC President Lord Killanin.
The Closing Ceremony of the 1980 Summer Olympics was held at 19:00 Moscow Time (UTC+3) on 3 August 1980 at the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium. It was attended by the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Leonid Brezhnev. IOC President Lord Killanin closed the Games for the final time and passed the position on to Juan Antonio Samaranch.
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During the Parade of Nations portion of the 2000 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
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During the Parade of Nations section of the 1972 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
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During the Parade of Nations portion of the 1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
During the parade of nations portion of the 1984 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
During the parade of nations section of the 1976 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from his or her respective country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
During the closing ceremony of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, the flag bearers for the 205 National Olympic Committee's (NOCs) and the IOC Refugee Olympic Team entered the Olympic Stadium. The flags of each country were not necessarily carried by the same flag bearer as in the opening ceremony. Due to COVID-19 related protocols, athletes had to leave Japan within 48 hours from completion of their final event, leaving some countries without representation during the closing ceremony. Flags of the countries without athletes present were instead carried by volunteers.
During the closing ceremony of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China the flag bearers of 91 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) arrived into Beijing National Stadium on February 20. The flag bearers from each participating country entered the stadium informally in single file, and behind them marched all the athletes. The flags of each country were not necessarily carried by the same flag bearer as in the opening ceremony.
 Olympic Games national flag bearers by year | |
|---|---|
| Summer Olympics | |
| Winter Olympics | |
| Intercalated Games | |
| Summer Youth Olympics | |
| Winter Youth Olympics | |