The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".
The 1980 Summer Olympics boycott was the largest boycott in Olympic history and one part of a number of actions initiated by the United States to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
The 1990 Asian Games also known as the XI Asiad and the 11th Asian Games or simply Beijing 1990, were held from September 22 to October 7, 1990, in Beijing, China. This was the first Asian Games held in China.
The 2005 Summer Universiade, also known as the XXIII Summer Universiade, took place in İzmir, Turkey, in August.
The 2003 Summer Universiade, also known as the XXII Summer Universiade, took place in Daegu, South Korea.
The 1995 Summer Universiade, also known as the XVIII Summer Universiade, took place in Fukuoka, Japan.
The 1987 Summer Universiade, also known as the XIV Summer Universiade, took place in Zagreb, SR Croatia, SFR Yugoslavia. It involved participants from 111 countries and over 6,000 individual sportspersons and members of teams.
The 1967 Summer Universiade, also known as the V Summer Universiade, was a multi-sport event for university athletes that took place in Tokyo, Japan.
During the Iran–Iraq War, both Iran and Iraq received large quantities of weapons.
The boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles followed four years after the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. The boycott involved 14 Eastern Bloc satellite states and allies, led by the Soviet Union, which initiated the boycott on May 8, 1984. Boycotting countries organized another major event, called the Friendship Games, in July and August 1984. Although the boycott led by the Soviet Union affected Olympic events that were normally dominated by the absent countries, 140 nations still took part in the games, which was a record at the time.
Kamy Keshmiri is a retired male discus thrower from the United States. He is best known for winning the gold medal in the men's discus throw event at the 1989 Summer Universiade in Duisburg, West Germany. Keshmiri set his personal best at the 1988 World Junior Championships in Athletics in Sudbury, Ontario on July 27, 1988. He also won three NCAA discus titles at the University of Nevada at Reno.
The athletics competition at the 2011 Summer Universiade has been held at the New Shenzhen Stadium in Shenzhen, China from August 16 to August 21, 2011. The top nations qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
The insurgency by the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran surged in 1989, lasting until 1996, as part of the Kurdish separatism struggle. The eruption of the conflict in July 1989 was caused by the assassination of KDPI leader Abdul Rahman Qassemlou by suspected Iranian government agents. The most violent episodes took place in 1990 and 1991, when Kurdish soldiers launched massive attacks on Iranian military bases in Kurdish areas of Iran. This brought heavy retaliation from the Iranian government, aiming to eradicate the KDPI leadership by assassinating Sadegh Sharafkandi and other KDPI leaders in 1992 in order to disable the Kurdish party's ability to function. The conflict faded with the effective targeted assassination policy of Iran and by 1996 KDPI was no longer able to function militarily and announced a unilateral ceasefire. The conflict claimed hundreds of lives, mostly Iranian government troops and Kurdish militants.
At the 1989 Summer Universiade, the athletics events were held at the Wedaustadion in Duisburg in West Germany from August 22–30. A total of 42 events were contested, of which 23 by male and 19 by female athletes.
The Arab League boycott of Israel is a strategy adopted by the Arab League and its member states to boycott economic and other relations between Arabs and the Arab states and Israel and specifically stopping all trade with Israel which adds to that country's economic and military strength. A secondary boycott was later imposed, to boycott non-Israeli companies that do business with Israel, and later a tertiary boycott involved the blacklisting of firms that do business with other companies that do business with Israel. An official organized boycott of the Yishuv was adopted by the Arab League in December 1945, and persisted against Israel after its establishment in 1948. The boycott was designed to weaken Jewish industry in Palestine and to deter Jewish immigration to the region.
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics, are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart. In the Olympic Games during the years, despite its approach of "peace through sport", there have been claims of antisemitism, most notably in the Munich Massacre of 1972, which ended in the death of eleven Israeli athletes. The first official commemoration by the International Olympic Committee in acknowledgment of the event happened in 2016.
The 2021 Summer World University Games, officially known as the XXXI Summer World University Games and also known as Chengdu 2021, was a multi-sport event sanctioned by the International University Sports Federation (FISU), held from 28 July to 8 August 2023 primarily in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. It was the fourth edition of the Games hosted by China. This is also the first edition to be referred to as the "Summer World University Games" rather than the "Summer Universiade." The games marked the 15th anniversary of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.
Archery was contested at the 2017 Summer Universiade from August 20 to 24 at the National Taiwan Sport University Stadium in Taoyuan, Taiwan.
World Para Volleyball Championship, was played first time at 1983 and organized by World ParaVolley.
Rowing is an Universiade optional sport since the 1987 in Zagreb, Yugoslavia. After this, rowing was an optional sport at the 1989, 1993, 2013 and 2015 editions. The sport returned with the same status at the 2021 Summer Universiade, which were held in Chengdu, China, and was also chosen with same status to the subsequent editions scheduled for the 2025 Summer Universiade, to be held in Duisburg, Germany and the 2027 Summer Universiade, to be held in Chungcheong Province, South Korea.
