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The President of the Senate of Romania is the senator elected to preside over the Senate meetings. The president of the Senate is also the president of the Standing Bureau of the Senate and the first person in the presidential line of succession. [1]
The President of the Senate is elected by secret ballot with the majority of votes from the Senators. If none of the candidates obtains the necessary votes, the first two compete again, and the one with most of the votes wins.
Florin Cîțu defeated Anca Dragu in the November elections for Senate President.
| Candidate | Party | Support | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florin Cîțu | PNL | PSD, UDMR | 82 | 60.29% | |
| Anca Dragu | USR | - | 25 | 18.38% | |
| Abstentions | — | AUR, FD | 17 | 12.50% | |
| Abstentions | — | - | 12 | 8.83% | |
| Total | 136 | 100.00% | |||
Romania's political framework is a semi-presidential representative democratic republic where the Prime Minister is the head of government while the President represents the country internationally, signs some decrees, approves laws promulgated by parliament and nominations as head of state. Romania has a multi-party system, with legislative power vested in the government and the two chambers of Parliament: the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. From 1948 until 1989, the Communist rule political structure took place in the framework of a one-party socialist republic governed by the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) as its only legal party.
The prime minister of Romania, officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania, is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers, when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called the Council of Ministers. The title was officially changed to Prime Minister by the 1965 Constitution of Romania during the communist regime.
The National Liberal Party is the largest centre-right conservative-liberal and liberal-conservative political party in Romania. Re-founded in mid January 1990, shortly after the Revolution of 1989 which culminated in the fall of communism in Romania, it claims the legacy of the major political party of the same name, active between 1875 and 1947 in the Kingdom of Romania. Based on this legacy, it often presents itself as the first formally constituted political party in the country and the oldest party from the family of European liberal parties.
The Senate is the upper house in the bicameral Parliament of Romania. It has 136 seats, to which members are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation in 43 electoral districts, to serve four-year terms.
The order of precedence in Romania is a symbolic hierarchy of officials in Romania used to direct protocol. It is written in Article 98 of the Romanian Constitution.
The Parliament of Romania is the national bicameral legislature of Romania, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. It meets at the Palace of the Parliament in Bucharest, the capital of the country.
Alina-Ștefania Gorghiu is a Romanian lawyer and politician who served as president of the National Liberal Party (PNL) from December 2014 until December 2016. She was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Bucharest from December 2008 to December 2016. Since the latter date, she has represented Timiș County in the Romanian Senate.
Attila-Zoltán Cseke is a Romanian lawyer and politician. A member of the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR), he was a member of the Romanian Senate for Bihor County from 2008 to 2012, representing the same county in the Chamber of Deputies from 2012 to 2016 before returning to the Senate. In the Emil Boc cabinet, he was Minister of Health from December 2009 until his resignation in August 2011. Since December 2020, he has been Minister of Development, Public Works and Administration under Florin Cîțu.
Legislative elections were held in Romania on 6 December 2020 to elect the 136 members of the Senate and the 330 constituent members of the Chamber of Deputies.
Florin Vasile Cîțu is a Romanian politician who served as Prime Minister of Romania between December 2020 and November 2021. Between September 2021 and April 2022, he was the leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL).
Nicolae Ionel Ciucă is a Romanian politician and retired general of the Romanian Land Forces. He has been serving as Prime Minister of Romania since 25 November 2021 after receiving widespread parliamentary support on behalf of his own party, the National Liberal Party (PNL) as well as the Social Democratic Party (PSD), and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). Additionally, since 10 April 2022, he has also been serving as the president of the National Liberal Party (PNL).
The Cîțu Cabinet was the 131st government of Romania, led by the national liberal (PNL) Prime Minister Florin Cîțu. It was removed from office after a motion of no confidence passed by the Parliament with a record of 281 votes, the largest number of votes on a motion of no confidence since the Romanian Revolution.
Events from the year 2021 in Romania.
The next Romanian legislative elections must be held at the latest before 21 March 2025, that is three months after the term of the incumbent legislature of the Romanian Parliament expires.
A political crisis began on 1 September 2021 in Romania, engulfing both major coalition partners of the Cîțu Cabinet, namely the conservative-liberal National Liberal Party (PNL) and the progressive-liberal Save Romania Union (USR). The crisis also involved former prime minister Ludovic Orban (PNL), who was set to face Prime Minister Florin Cîțu (PNL) in a leadership election during the party congress on 25 September, with the latter eventually replacing the former. Orban would eventually resign from his position as President of the Chamber of Deputies, with him and his supporters subsequently splitting from the PNL, in order to form the Force of the Right (FD).
The Ciucă Cabinet is the 132nd and current government of Romania led by former Romanian Land Forces army general Nicolae Ciucă (PNL) since 25 November 2021.
Elections for the President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania took place on 23 November 2021. The previous President, Ludovic Orban, elected in 2020, resigned on 13 October 2021 after losing the presidency of the PNL to Florin Cîțu, in the midst of the 2021 Romanian political crisis.
The National Coalition for Romania is a grand coalition in Romania, which includes the Social Democratic Party (PSD), the National Liberal Party (PNL), and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). In addition, this grand coalition supports the incumbent Romanian President Klaus Iohannis as well, who, on his turn, praised the coalition for its activity in early 2022, stating that "the Romanian political class has shown democratic maturity".
The 2020–2024 legislature of the Romanian Parliament is the current legislature of the Parliament of Romania, elected on 6 December 2020. In the said election, no party won an outright majority, but the Social Democratic Party (PSD) remained the largest political force in the parliament, in opposition however. The National Liberal Party (PNL), the Save Romania Union (USR), and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) formed a coalition government. The USR ran within a political alliance it established with a smaller party, more specifically the Freedom, Unity and Solidarity Party (PLUS), which was eventually absorbed by the former. The Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) entered parliament starting this legislature with an unexpected high score, gaining more popularity ever since.
Beginning 29 April 2022, at 04:05 EEST, until 1 May, a series of multiple DDoS attacks were launched against several Romanian government, military, bank and mass media websites. Behind the attacks was the pro-Kremlin hacking group Killnet, who resorted to this in response to a declaration made by Florin Cîțu, the then-President of the Senate of Romania, that Romania would provide Ukraine with military aid. The Russian Federation, who invaded the latter, publicly spoke against Western military support for Ukraine, stating that it would result in "lightning-fast retaliatory strikes".
