2019 Romanian presidential election

Last updated

2019 Romanian presidential election
Flag of Romania.svg
  2014 10 November 2019 (first round)
24 November 2019 (second round)
2024  
Turnout51.18% (first round)
55.07% (second round)
  President Trump Meets with the President of Romania (48587349852) (cropped).jpg CExN al OPSD - 13.12 (1) (16056484105) (cropped).jpg
Nominee Klaus Iohannis Viorica Dăncilă
Party PNL PSD
Popular vote6,509,1353,339,922
Percentage66.09%33.91%

Harta prezidentiale 2019 TUR 2.png
Second round results by county

President before election

Klaus Iohannis
PNL

Elected President

Klaus Iohannis
PNL

Presidential elections were held in Romania on 10 November 2019, with a second round held on 24 November 2019. They were the eighth presidential elections held in post-1989 Romania. Incumbent President of Romania Klaus Iohannis, first elected in 2014, was eligible for re-election. He subsequently defeated former Prime Minister and ex-leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) Viorica Dăncilă in the second round of the election by a landslide, receiving 66% of the vote – the second-highest vote share on record in this type of elections after Ion Iliescu (who received 85% of the vote in 1990).

Contents

Background

Klaus Iohannis won the previous presidential election in 2014 and was sworn in for his first term on 21 December 2014. According to the Article 83 of the Constitution of Romania, the "term of office of the President of Romania is five years, being exercised from the date the oath was taken," [1] but only for up to two terms. In June 2018, incumbent president Iohannis publicly announced his intention of running for a second term as president. [2] The electoral calendar for the presidential elections was set by the Romanian Government.

The final results for the first round were publicly announced by Central Electoral Bureau and Permanent Electoral Authority on 14 November 2019. The results were forwarded to the Constitutional Court of Romania that validated the results on 15 November 2019. [3] After the Constitutional Court's validation, the results were sent for publication to the Official Journal of Romania (Monitorul Oficial al României). Only after the publication by the Official Journal, the results for the first round of the elections became official.

The Central Electoral Bureau (BEC) forwarded the final results for the second round to the Constitutional Court of Romania for validation on 28 November 2019, on the last day of the settled electoral calendar. [4] The Constitutional Court of Romania validated the results in the same day. [5]

Candidates

National Liberal Party (PNL)

President Klaus Iohannis was eligible for re-election. His candidacy in the 2014 elections was supported by the National Liberal Party (PNL), whose President he was at that time. Upon taking office as president, Iohannis suspended his PNL membership, as the Constitution does not allow the president to be a formal member of a political party during his term. Ludovic Orban, the president of the PNL, reconfirmed the party's support for Iohannis after the elections. [6] On 11 March 2018, the National Council of PNL formally endorsed Klaus Iohannis for a new term as president. [7]

Social Democratic Party (PSD)

Liviu Pleșoianu, a member of the Chamber of Deputies for Bucharest since 2016 for the Social Democratic Party (PSD), declared his candidacy on 23 July 2017. [8] Liviu Dragnea, President of the Chamber of Deputies since 2016, [9] [10] and Gabriela Firea, Mayor of Bucharest since 2016, are thought to be other potential PSD candidates. [11] However, both have refuted these media speculations, Firea stating she wants to finish her term as mayor, while Liviu Dragnea rejected the idea and stated he and the PSD concentrate on the governing program and the parliamentary agenda, as Dragnea is President of the Chamber of Deputies. After being convicted on corruption charges on 27 May 2019, Dragnea became ineligible to run for president. [12]

Save Romania Union (USR) and PLUS Alliance

Nicușor Dan, a former President of the Save Romania Union (USR), the third largest political party in the country, believed that the party should run its own candidate for the elections. [13] Dan Barna, the new President of the USR, stated in an interview with Adevărul that the USR would have a presidential candidate, decided by a vote within the party. Barna also said that "Dacian Cioloș may be an option, like any well-known person". [14]

Former Minister of Labor in Cioloș Government, Dragoș Pîslaru, who is among the founders of the new party of former Prime Minister, the PLUS, said the party was ready for a possible candidacy for the presidency of leader Dacian Cioloș. [15] He also stressed that a candidacy of President Iohannis for a new term would not exclude a candidacy of Dacian Cioloș. [15] On 8 June 2018, Cioloș said he would not run against Klaus Iohannis. [16] However he subsequently stated that he would assume any responsibility that his recently founded political party (PLUS) would bestow upon him, not excluding the presidency. [17]

In the aftermath of the results of the 2019 European Parliament elections, USR and PLUS decided to keep the 2020 USR-PLUS Alliance for the presidential elections, and nominated Dan Barna as joint candidate.[ citation needed ]

Other political parties

Many voices inside ALDE suggested that Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, the party leader and former President of the Senate, should be the proposal of the PSD–ALDE coalition for the upcoming election and asked for PSD support in this regard. [18] Tăriceanu himself considered that the best option for the presidential election is a PSD–ALDE joint candidacy. [19] On 24 July 2019, ALDE announced that Tăriceanu would run for president on its ticket. [20]

In a press conference on 26 October 2017, Victor Ponta, a former Prime Minister and runner-up in the 2014 elections, claimed that his newly established party, PRO Romania, would nominate a candidate in the elections, but denied that he would run for the presidency again. [21]

On 25 August 2019, Theodor Paleologu was designated candidate of the People's Movement Party (PMP). [22]

On 7 July 2019, Ramona Ioana Bruynseels launched her candidacy. [23] The announcement was met with surprise and intrigue from political commentators. [24] Bruynseels has set her platform on taking on the broken political system in Romania that she argues is working against the interests of its citizens. [25] Bruynseels is a centrist politician and was the candidate of the Humanist Power Party. At the time of these elections, the party was controlled from behind the scenes by Romanian mogul and former longtime Securitatea collaborator Dan Voiculescu. [26]

Candidates qualified for the second round

On 28 November 2019, The Romanian Central Electoral Bureau (BEC) forwarded the final results to the Constitutional Court of Romania, which validated the results in the same day. [5] [27]

NameBornPublic Office ExperienceCampaign and affiliation Alma mater and professionCandidacy
Announcement dates
13 June 1959
(age 60)
Sibiu, Sibiu County
President of Romania (2014–election day)
Mayor of Sibiu (2000–2014)
Former presidential election:
2014: 30.37% (2nd place, 1st round), 54.43% (winner, 2nd round)

Motto: Pentru o Românie normală
(For a Normal Romania)
Affiliation: PNL
(membership suspended while being President of Romania)
Endorsed by: FDGR/DFDR
Endorsement added for the second round: 2020 USR-PLUS Alliance, [28] PMP [29]
Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca (1983)

Physics teacher
16 December 1963
(age 55)
Roșiorii de Vede, Teleorman County
Prime Minister of Romania (2018–2019)
MEP (2009–2018)

Motto: Alături de fiecare român
(Standing by each Romanian)
Affiliation: PSD
Endorsed by: PNȚCD, [35] UNPR
Endorsement added for the second round: FN, [36] PNeR
Faculty of Drilling of Wells and Exploitation of Hydrocarbon Deposits, Petroleum and Gas University, Ploiești (1988)

Oil engineer, petroleum technology teacher [37]

Candidates that competed only in the first round

For all these candidates, the competition ended on 15 November 2019, when the Constitutional Court of Romania validated the results of the first round (only the first two placed competitors were qualified for the second round).

NameBornPublic Office ExperienceAffiliation and endorsements Alma mater and professionCandidacy
Announcement dates
10 July 1975
(age 44)
Sibiu, Sibiu County
Deputy (2016–election day)
Secretary of State with the Ministry of European Funds (2016)
Barna 2019.png
Motto: Fericiți în România
([We,] Happy in Romania)
Affiliation: 2020 USR-PLUS Alliance (alliance members: USR and PLUS)
Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest (1998)

lawyer
24 December 1949
(age 69)
Vlădești, Argeș County
MEP (2014–2019)
Minister of Culture (2012)
Senator (2008–2012)
Diaconu 2019.png
Motto: Cu bună credință
(In Good Faith)
Affiliation: none,
supported by The Alliance for One Man (alliance members: PRO Romania, ALDE)
Caragiale Academy of Theatrical Arts and Cinematography, Bucharest (1971)

actor
15 July 1973
(age 46)
Bucharest
Deputy (2008–2016)
Minister of Culture (2008–2009)
Ambassador to Denmark (2005–2008)
Paleologu 2019.png
Motto: Respect, educație, performanță
(Respect, Education, Performance)
Affiliation: none,
supported by PMP
Faculty of Philosophy, University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne (1998)

philosophy and political science professor
18 October 1967
(age 52)
Cârța, Harghita County
Deputy (2000–election day)
Minister of Culture (2009–2012, 2014)
Secretary of State with the Minister of Culture (1997–2000)

Former presidential elections:
2014: 3.47% (8th place)
2009: 3.83% (5th place)
Motto: Respect pentru toți
(Respect for Everyone)

Affiliation: UDMR
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca (1993),
Faculty of Philosophy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca (1998)

veterinarian,
philosophy teacher
14 February 1980
(age 39)
Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County
Secretary of State with the General Secretariat of the Government (2017–2018) Bruynseels 2019.png
Motto: Fără imunitate
([Politicians] Free of Immunity)
Affiliation: Humanist Power Party
Faculty of Law, Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Cluj-Napoca (2002)

jurist
29 March 1981
(age 38)
Caracal, Olt County
Cumpanasu 2019.png
Motto: Ori noi, ori ei
([It is] Us or Them)
Affiliation: none
"Ioniță Asan" high-school, Caracal (2000)

civic activist
31 January 1955
(age 64)
Bacău, Bacău County
Senator (1996–2000)
Secretary of State with the Ministry of Commerce and Tourism (1991–1992)
Catarama 2019.jpg
Motto: Muncești și câștigi
(Work and Win)
Affiliation: Liberal Right Party
Faculty of Commerce, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest (1980)

economist
22 January 1958
(age 61)
Bucharest
Secretary of State with the Minister for Relations with Abroad Romanians (2014) Stanoevici 2019.png
Motto: România, din nou acasă
(Romania, Home Again)
Affiliation: none
Caragiale Academy of Theatrical Arts and Cinematography, Bucharest (1982)

actor
23 December 1978
(age 40)
Galați, Galați County
MEP (2009–2019)
Iași County Counsellor (2005–2009)

Motto: Președinte pentru Români
(President for Romanians)
Affiliation: Alternative for National Dignity
Faculty of Economics and Business Management, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iași (2003)

economist
7 October 1969
(age 50)
Brastavățu, Olt County
Deputy (2012–2016) Peia 2019.jpg
Motto: Un președinte ca niciunul
(A President like Nobody else)
Affiliation: Romanian Nationhood Party
Faculty of Law at an unspecified university in Bucharest (2000)

jurist
12 February 1982
(age 37)
Balș, Olt County
Motto: Pentru o nouă Românie
(For a New Romania)
Affiliation: New Romania Party
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timișoara (2006)

veterinarian
8 July 1960
(age 59)
Câmpulung, Argeș County
Motto: Certitudinea românilor
(Romanians' Certainty)
Affiliation: Romanian Nation Party
Politehnica University of Bucharest

mechanical engineer

Withdrawn candidates

Declined to be candidates

These individuals have been the subject of speculation, but have publicly denied or recanted interest in running for president.

Timeline

Intent
Withdrawn candidate
Campaign before
BEC filing
During BEC screening
During CCR appeal
Validated candidate
President-elect
European elections
BEC filing deadline
First round
Second round
Dacian CioloșEcaterina AndronescuMihai FiforGabriela FireaMihail NeamțuAdrian PapahagiRobert TurcescuSorin CîmpeanuCălin Popescu-TăriceanuCorina CrețuFlorin CălinescuGheorghe FunarMiron CozmaClaudiu CrăciunCătălin IvanKelemen HunorTheodor PaleologuMircea DiaconuDan BarnaViorica DăncilăKlaus Iohannis2019 Romanian presidential election

Campaign

The electoral campaign for the first round started on 12 October 2019, 0:00 EET and ended on 9 November 2019, 7:00 EET. [201] The electoral campaign for the second round started on 15 November 2019, 0:00 EET (several hours before the first round results were validated by the Constitutional Court of Romania) and ended on 23 November 2019, 7:00 EET. According to Romanian law, both campaigns must end at least 24 hours before the official poll openings. [202]

Controversies

The candidate Dan Barna did not comply with the legal requirements regarding the mention of a candidate's first-degree relatives income, in the public declaration of assets (document required in a candidate's file, while registering at the Electoral Board). He stated that his wife income - who was at the time employed at Petrom - was "classified". Soon after the story sparked, he declassified his wife's annual income and changed his assets statement. [203]

According to a media investigation, Dan Barna was allegedly involved in a financial scheme during his entrepreneurship time. He rejected the allegations. [204]

Media released recordings of conversations that the candidate Ramona Bruynseels had with her staff, regarding allegedly dubious acts committed with her campaign funds by Dan Voiculescu, the informal leader of the party that supports her candidacy. [205]

The candidate Ninel Peia was reported missing, during the night of 6–7 November 2019. He was seen leaving the hotel he was lodging in Cluj-Napoca, at 1:17 am, and did not return. [206] The following morning, he was found at Putna Monastery, 195 km away, stating that he went there "to pray". [207]

The candidate Viorel Cataramă was reported as a former informer of the infamous Securitate (Communist Romania's intelligence service). He rejected the allegations. [208]

Alexandru Cumpănașu was accused of either forging his BA degree or lying about being a university graduate. He failed to show a Bachelor's degree, while stating that he was a university graduate, without mentioning a university or faculty. He publicly showed an honorary diploma issued by a controversial university of Ukraine, but failed to prove his claimed status of a university graduate. Later on, he mentioned in the documents filed at the Electoral Bureau that he only graduated high-school and did not pursued any university studies. Asked to clear his lack of university studies required for a Master's degree or a Doctor degree, he stated "In my opinion, I pursued university studies". [209]

A radio anchor that hosted a live debate warned the candidate Alexandru Cumpănașu to tone down his language, or else he would be facing exclusion from the debate. [210]

In an electoral show broadcast live by the Romanian public TV station TVR1, Alexandru Cumpănașu showed his skills of gun handling, by firing at sitting balloons. Later, he stated that the submachine gun he used "was a toy-gun". [211]

For the first time in the history of democratic elections in Romania, the first two contenders did not participate in any electoral debate organised between them or together with other candidates.

Campaign financing

This is an overview of the money raised by each candidate, as it was reported to the Permanent Electoral Authority. [212] Total raised are the sum of all contributions (private and public).

First round

For the first round, the candidates raised a total of 70,258,904.02 lei. [212] Only the candidates that achieved at least 3% of the votes were entitled to be compensated for their private fundings from the state budget. According to Romanian law, the candidates that achieved less than 3% (highlighted in red, in the table below) are not entitled to public compensations. One candidate, Sebastian Popescu, claimed in his financial filing that he and his team did not spend any funds, saying that he used only the online environment for his campaign and no paid ads. [213]

CandidateTotal raised (lei)Private funding (lei)Public funding (lei)Efficiency (lei/1%)Efficiency (lei/1 vote)
Klaus Iohannis 18,000,000.000.0018,000,000.00475,938.945.16
Viorica Dăncilă 18,210,500.001,672,500.0016,538,000.00818,081.768.88
Dan Barna 7,449,531.316,984,323.31179,708.00495,974.125.38
Mircea Diaconu 16,294,924.8015,994,924.80300,000.001,841,234.4419.99
Theodor Paleologu 7,068,975.007,068,975.000.001,235,834.7913.41
Hunor Kelemen 445,000.00445,000.000.00114,987.081.25
Ramona Bruynseels803,398.00803,398.000.00303,169.063.29
Alexandru Cumpănașu559,174.91559,174.910.00365,473.803.96
Viorel Cataramă 1,300,000.001,300,000.000.002,452,830.1926.71
Bogdan Stanoevici 20,000.0020,000.000.0047,619.050.51
Cătălin Ivan 14,400.0014,400.000.0040,000.000.44
Ninel Peia 8,000.008,000.000.0023,529.410.26
Sebastian Popescu0.000.000.000.000.00
John Ion Banu 85,000.0085,000.000.00283,333.333.06
Total70,258,904.0234,955,696.0235,303,208.00702,589.047.62

Second round

For the second round, the two remaining candidates raised a total of 1,956,000 lei. [214]

CandidateTotal raised (lei)Private funding (lei)Public funding (lei)Efficiency (lei/1%)Efficiency (lei/1 vote)
Klaus Iohannis 400,000.000.00400,000.006,052.350.06
Viorica Dăncilă 1,556,000.001,456,800.0099,200.0045,886.170.47
Total1,956,000.001,456,800.00499,200.0019,560.000.20

Debates

Romania location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Debates #1, #3-7 and #9-18:
Bucharest
Red pog.svg
Debate #2:
Târgu Mureș
Red pog.svg
Debate #8: Iași
Sites of the presidential debates

In order for a debate to be counted, there must be at least two candidates present. Situation such as: one candidate with one or multiple interviewers; one candidate with a representative (or more) of other candidate(s); only representatives of candidates (no matter how many candidates were represented); one candidate debating a previously recorded video of other candidate(s); short live statements of a candidate (via telephone or video streaming) inserted during a show with only one (other) candidate; short coincidental encounters of candidates (in a non-previously organized debate) that spoke to each other (and were recorded, even on professional cameras in TV studios) are not to be considered proper debates. Any debate must be publicly broadcast. Negotiations behind closed doors, "strategic meetings" among candidates or any other type of discreet talks are not proper debates, even if their content (or bits of it) was released to the public, even if the candidates approved its release.[ citation needed ]

Debates may be broadcast on radio, television or internet. Candidates may show up in person or participate to the debate via telephone or video streaming for the entire debate time. Candidates that left the debate before 10% of the debate time elapsed (after few words or few minutes) are to be considered as absentees and their leaving noted as such. In this particular situation (if will occur), the debate is considered a valid one, because at least two candidates were present at its beginning. Candidates that left before the debate's ending are considered present, with their particular situation noted as such.[ citation needed ]

Schedule

Debate schedule
DebateDateTime
(EET)
ViewersBroadcast typeLocationSponsor(s)Moderator(s)Reference(s)
116 October 201912–1 pmTBAlive radio Radio Romania,
Casa Radio,
Bucharest
Radio România Actualități Iana Ioniță [215]
222 October 20196:30–7:30 pmTBAlive TV Romanian Television Regional Mureș HQ,
Târgu Mureș
TVR3 [216]
322 October 20198–9 pmTBAlive TVRealitatea TV studios,
Willbrook Platinum Center,
Bucharest
Realitatea TV Denise Rifai [217]
424 October 201912–1 pmTBAlive radio Radio Romania,
Casa Radio,
Bucharest
Radio România Actualități Iana Ioniță [218]
524 October 20195:15–6:30 pmTBAlive TVNațional TV studios,
"Național Media" Center,
Bucharest
Național TV Denis Ciulinaru,
Mircea Coșea
[219]
625 October 20195:15–6:30 pmTBAlive TVNațional TV studios,
"Național Media" Center,
Bucharest
Național TV Denis Ciulinaru,
Mircea Coșea
[220]
725 October 20198–9 pm425,000 [221] live TVAntena 3 studios,
IRIDE Business Park,
Bucharest
Antena 3 Răzvan Dumitrescu [222]
826 October 20191–3 pm346 online viewers (Facebook),
150-200 present on location
video streaming,
public forum
Agora Events Center,
Iași
Youth Summitunspecified name [223] [224] [225]
927 October 20191–2 pmTBAlive TVAntena 3 studios,
IRIDE Business Park,
Bucharest
Antena 3 Mihaela Bîrzilă [226] [227]
1030 October 20194–5 pmTBAlive TVBucurești TV studio,
Romexpo, G6 pavilion,
Bucharest
București TVVictor Preda [228] [229]
111 November 20194–5:45 pmTBAlive TVB1 studio,
Adriatica building,
Bucharest
B1 TV Tudor Barbu
122 November 20195–6 pmTBAlive TVAntena 3 studios,
IRIDE Business Park,
Bucharest
Antena 3 Maria Coman [230]
134 November 20198–9 pmTBAlive TV Romanian Television HQ,
Bucharest
TVR1 Ionuț Cristache [231] [232]
147 November 20195:15–6:30 pmTBAlive TVNațional TV studios,
"Național Media" Center,
Bucharest
Național TV Denis Ciulinaru,
Mircea Coșea
[233]
157 November 20198:30–10:30 pm882,244 online viewers (YouTube and media websites) [234]
721.000 online viewers (Facebook) [235]
live radio,
video streaming
Europa FM HQ,
Bucharest
Europa FM Moise Guran [236]
167 November 20199–10 pmTBAlive TV Romanian Television HQ,
Bucharest
TVR1 Ionuț Cristache [237]
178 November 20197–8 pmTBAlive TVAntena 3 studios,
IRIDE Business Park,
Bucharest
Antena 3 Răzvan Dumitrescu [238]
188 November 20199–10 pmTBAlive TV Romanian Television HQ,
Bucharest
TVR1 Ionuț Cristache

Participation

The following is a table of participating candidates in each debate:

Participating candidates
Candidate

 P  Present  N  Not invited/Invitation declined  A  Absent (Invitation accepted, but candidate failed to show up)

TotalInteraction
123456789101112131415161718
Iohannis NNNNNNNNNNNNNNANNN00/13
Dăncilă NNNNNNNNNNNNNNANNN00/13
Barna ANNNNNNNNNNNNNPNNN12/13
Diaconu NNNNNNNNNNNNNNANPP23/13
Paleologu NNPNNNNPNNNNPNPNNN43/13
Kelemen NNPANNNPNNNNNNPNNN32/13
BruynseelsNNNNNPNNNPNPNPNNPN55/13
CumpănașuNPNPNNPNPNNPNNNNPP76/13
Cataramă NPNNNNPNNNNNNNNNNN21/13
Stanoevici NNNNNPNNPPNNNNNNNN33/13
Ivan NNNPPNNNNNPPPPNNNN66/13
Peia PNNPNPNNPNNNNNNNPN57/13
PopescuPNNNPNNNNNNNNNNPNN33/13
Banu PNNNNNNNNNPNNNNPNN33/13
Electoral Coverage0.972.069.592.230.693.412.069.592.293.070.664.546.083.0124.610.6313.3710.38

Opinion polls

First round

After the deadline for submitting candidacies to BEC (22 September 2019)

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size
Cumpănașu
Popescu
Flag of Romania.svg Election results (first round)37.82%22.26%15.02%8.85%5.72%3.87%2.65%1.53%0.53%0.42%0.36%0.34%0.33%0.30%
IRES Exit-poll38.4%21.9%16.1%8.3%5.9%4.7%2.0%1.1%0.4%0.4%0.2%0.3%0.2%0.1%
CURS-Avangarde Exit-poll39.0%22.1%16.9%7.8%6.1%4.0%1.8%1.1%0.3%0.2%0.3%0.2%0.1%0.1%
Sociopol Exit-poll42%18%16%10%5%3%2%2%≤0.2%0.5%1%≤0.2%≤0.2%≤0.2%
PSD 7 November 201941%26%12%7%6%2%4%2%
4 November 2019 Orban sworn in as Prime Minister of Romania, following a vote of confidence from the parliament
USR 25 October–3 November 20191,22538.9%22.6%19.1%8.2%5.5%3.6%2.1%
IMAS 8–28 October 20191,01045.7%15.1%12.6%16.7%6.9%2.9%0.1%
PMP 27 October 201940%19%13%7%8%4%3%1.5%
USR 15–23 October 20191,50039.0%23.4%18.5%8.0%3.8%3.9%3.4%
Sociopol 11–22 October 20191,00142%21%10%10%7%1%3%5%1%
CURS 14–21 October 20191,60037%20%13%11%6%4%4%4%1%
BCS 12–19 October 20191,11740.2%19.9%12.2%7.6%7.6%5.2%2.1%4.1%0.7%0.2%0.2%0.1%
PNL 17 October 201940%13%12%9%7%19%
10 October Dăncilă ousted as Prime Minister of Romania, following a vote of no confidence from the parliament
Sociopol 6 October 201943%21%15%11%4%6%
PSD 4 October 201940%18%20%13%7%2%
IMAS 9–28 September 20191,01045.3%12.4%14.2%16.6%7.7%3.8%
USR 3–24 September 20191,50040.5%21.4%19.7%7.6%3.5%3.1%4.2%

Before the deadline for submitting candidacies to BEC (22 September 2019)

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size
Others
Undecided
Socio-Data 16–20 September 20191,0704019161553endorsed Diaconu endorsed Paleologu endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 2
Socio-Data 9–13 September 20191,0704617141142endorsed Diaconu endorsed Paleologu endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 6
Socio-Data 2–6 September 20191,0704914141263endorsed Diaconu endorsed Paleologu endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 2
30 August 2019 Kelemen officially announced his candidacy
Verifield 26–30 August 20191,0004318141561endorsed Diaconu endorsed Paleologu endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 3
Socio-Data 26–30 August 20191,0704316181561endorsed Diaconu endorsed Paleologu endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 3
27 August 2019 Diaconu officially announced his candidacy
26 August 2019 ALDE withdrew from governmental coalition and moved to opposition
25 August 2019 Paleologu officially announced his candidacy
IMAS 5–28 August 20191,01044.68.417.32.414.012.70.6endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis
CURS 19 July–5 August 20191,600391417418endorsed Barna endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 8
IMAS 15 July–2 August 20191,01041.77.59.42.812.913.81.510.4endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis
23 July 2019 Dăncilă officially announced her candidacy
BCS 17-23 July 20191,12841.816.115.74.913.94.2endorsed Dăncilă endorsed Iohannis 3.5
13 July 2019 Barna officially announced his candidacy
CURS 28 June–8 July 20191,0674192214115endorsed Iohannis 723
IMAS 7–26 June 20191,01042.46.75.31.814.115.51.612.7endorsed Iohannis
27 May 2019 Dragnea convicted to three and a half years in prison; political rights suspended
26 May 2019 Flag of Europe.svg European elections: Diaconu did not run for re-election; Crețu, Tomac and Cioloș were elected MEPs
IMAS 2–20 May 20191,01043.51.91.211.619.82.113.07.0endorsed Iohannis
INSCOP 12 April–3 May 20191,05045.83.218.06.59.914.3endorsed Iohannis 2.2
IMAS 12–25 April 20191,01042.72.51.214.518.32.210.08.7endorsed Iohannis
IMAS 18 March–3 April 20191,01044.31.71.112.416.12.211.78.02.5
CURS 12–25 March 20191,0673642363915426
IMAS 1–21 February 20191,01041.41.51.515.018.01.911.76.03.0
CURS 21 January–6 February 20191,06741421917834
IMAS 11–30 January 20191,01134.41.90.813.215.41.510.96.02.35.48.2
PNL 27 January 201926,0003031216101712
17 January 2019 Crețu resigns from PSD and joins Pro Romania
IMAS 4–20 December 20181,01034.92.30.712.712.91.89.25.33.516.8
18 December 2018 Cioloș joins PLUS, soon to become its president
CURS 24 November–9 December 20181,0673932251112832
CURS 20 September–1 October 20181,0674022911013533
9 July 2018 Kövesi was revoked from the office of Chief Prosecutor of the National Anticorruption Directorate, following the request of the Justice Minister
CURS 23 June–1 July 20181,0674332221012828
23 June 2018 Iohannis officially announced his candidacy
CURS 27 April–8 May 20181,067393222422839
29 January 2018 Dăncilă sworn in as Prime Minister of Romania
16 January 2018 Tudose resigned as Prime Minister of Romania, following PSD retracted the political support
CURS 23 November 20171,067373413137532
4 September 2017 Ponta joins Pro Romania, soon to become its president
29 June 2017 Tudose sworn in as Prime Minister of Romania, following a vote of confidence from the parliament
21 June 2017 Grindeanu ousted from the office of Prime Minister of Romania, following a vote of no confidence from the parliament
16 June 2017 Ponta excluded from PSD, following his nomination as minister in the Grindeanu Cabinet
4 January 2017 Grindeanu sworn in as Prime Minister of Romania, following legislative elections
11 December 2016 Flag of Romania.svg Legislative elections: Tăriceanu and Teodorovici elected senators; Barna, Kelemen, Ponta, Dragnea and Tomac elected deputies; Paleologu, Peia and Orban did not run for re-election
23 June 2016 Flag of Romania.svg Local elections: Firea elected Mayor of Bucharest
17 November 2015 Cioloș (independent) sworn in as Prime Minister of Romania, following a vote of confidence from the parliament
5 November 2015 Ponta resigned as Prime Minister of Romania, following public protests caused by Colectiv nightclub fire
19 June 2015 ALDE founded from the merger of PLR and PC; Tăriceanu becomes its co-president
21 December 2014 Iohannis assumed the office of president of Romania
Flag of Romania.svg 2014 elections round 254.4345.56
Flag of Romania.svg 2014 elections round 130.373.4740.445.3620.36

In-depths polling analysis

CandidateElection resultsExit-pollsLast 1–30 daysLast 31–60 daysLast 61–90 daysLast 3–6 monthsLast 6–9 monthsLast 9–12 months
Klaus Iohannis 37.82%Decrease2.svg38.4-42% Decrease2.svg37-45.7% Decrease2.svg40-46% Decrease2.svg43-49% Increase2.svg39-43.5% Steady2.svg36-45.8% Increase2.svg
36-46.8% Increase2.svg [lower-alpha 1]
30-41%
30-41% [a]
Viorica Dăncilă 22.26%Increase2.svg18-22.1% Increase2.svg13-26% Increase2.svg12.4-21.4% Increase2.svg8.4-18% Increase2.svg6.7-14% Decrease2.svg
5-14% Decrease2.svg [lower-alpha 2]
not polled
6-15% Decrease2.svg [lower-alpha 3]
not polled
5.3-17% [lower-alpha 4]
Dan Barna 15.02%Decrease2.svg16-16.9% Increase2.svg10-19.1% Decrease2.svg11-20% Increase2.svg12-17.3% Increase2.svg1.9-17% Increase2.svg
9-19.8% Increase2.svg [lower-alpha 5]
1.5-2.5% Decrease2.svg
9-13.4% Decrease2.svg [lower-alpha 6]
1.9-4%
10-14% [lower-alpha 7]
Mircea Diaconu 8.85%Steady2.svg7.8-10% Decrease2.svg7-16.7% Decrease2.svg7.6-16.6% Decrease2.svg14-18% Decrease2.svg
14-26.7% Decrease2.svg [lower-alpha 8]
not polled
18-31.4% Decrease2.svg [lower-alpha 9]
not polled
24.5-33% Increase2.svg [lower-alpha 10]
not polled
21-28.6% [lower-alpha 11]
Theodor Paleologu 5.72%Increase2.svg5-6.1% Decrease2.svg3.8-8% Increase2.svg3.5-7.7% Decrease2.svg6% Increase2.svg
0.6-6% Increase2.svg [lower-alpha 12]
not polled
1.5-2.1% Decrease2.svg [lower-alpha 13]
not polled
1.9-3% Increase2.svg [lower-alpha 14]
not polled
1.5-1.8% [lower-alpha 15]
Kelemen Hunor 3.87%Steady2.svg3-4.7% Increase2.svg1-5.2% Increase2.svg2-3.8% Increase2.svg1-3% Decrease2.svg1.2-4% Steady2.svg1.1-4% Increase2.svg0.7-3%
Ramona Bruynseels2.65%Increase2.svg1.8-2% Decrease2.svg2.1-4%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
Alexandru Cumpănașu1.53%Steady2.svg1.1-2% Decrease2.svg2-5%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
Viorel Cataramă 0.53%Increase2.svg0.3-0.4% Decrease2.svg0.7%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
Bogdan Stanoevici 0.42%Increase2.svg0.2-0.4% Increase2.svg0.2%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
Cătălin Ivan 0.36%Decrease2.svg0.2-1% Increase2.svg0.2%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
Ninel Peia 0.34%Increase2.svg0.2-0.3% Increase2.svg<0.1%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
Sebastian Popescu0.33%Increase2.svg0.1-0.2% Increase2.svg<0.1%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled
John Ion Banu 0.30%Increase2.svg0.1% Increase2.svg<0.1%not pollednot pollednot pollednot pollednot polled

Notes

  1. Ludovic Orban's support added
  2. Liviu Dragnea's and Eugen Teodorovici's support added
  3. Preceded by Liviu Dragnea's support
  4. Preceded by Liviu Dragnea's and Gabriela Firea's support
  5. Dacian Cioloș' support added
  6. Dacian Cioloș' support added
  7. Dacian Cioloș' support added
  8. Victor Ponta's and Călin Popescu Tăriceanu's support added
  9. Preceded by Victor Ponta's, Călin Popescu Tăriceanu's and Corina Crețu's support
  10. Preceded by Victor Ponta's, Călin Popescu Tăriceanu's and Corina Crețu's support
  11. Preceded by Victor Ponta's and Călin Popescu Tăriceanu's support
  12. Eugen Tomac's support added
  13. Preceded by Eugen Tomac's support
  14. Preceded by Eugen Tomac's support
  15. Preceded by Eugen Tomac's support

Graphical summary

The following graph depicts the evolution of the standing of each candidate in the poll aggregators since December 2018. The last value is the exit-polls average.

Polling aggregation

The following graph depicts the evolution of the standing of each present candidate, including former party candidates and alliance candidates since December 2018. Klaus Iohannis includes Ludovic Orban's previous evolution, Viorica Dăncilă includes Liviu Dragnea's previous evolution with Eugen Teodorovici's and Gabriela Firea's previous support, Theodor Paleologu includes Eugen Tomac's previous evolution, Dan Barna's evolution is aggregated with Dacian Cioloș' evolution and Mircea Diaconu's evolution is aggregated with Victor Ponta's, Corina Crețu's and Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu's added evolution. The last value is the exit-polls average.

Second round

Iohannis vs. Dăncilă

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Dăncilă Margin of error
Flag of Romania.svg Election results (second round)66.09%33.91%
CURS-Avangarde Exit-poll23,000+64.5%35.5%±2.5%
Sociopol Exit-poll67%33%±2.56%
IRES Exit-poll67.1%32.9%±2%
PSD 11 November 201966%34%
BCS 12–19 October 20191,11770.5%29.5%±3%
CURS 27 August–2 September 20191,06765%35%±3%

Iohannis vs. Barna

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Barna UndecidedNoneMargin of error
USR 15–23 October 201939.8%Increase2.svg24.0% Decrease2.svg27.4% Steady2.svg8.8% Decrease2.svg
BCS 12–19 October 20191,11769.1%30.9%17.6%20.1%±3%
USR 3–24 September 20191,50044.2%22.2%27.5%6.0%
CURS 27 August–2 September 20191,06763%37%±3%

Iohannis vs. Diaconu

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Diaconu Margin of error
BCS 12–19 October 20191,11767.2%32.8%±3%
CURS 27 August–2 September 20191,06762%38%±3%

Iohannis vs. Tăriceanu

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Tăriceanu UndecidedNoneMargin of error
INSCOP 12 April–3 May 20191,05038.1%26.0%26.8%9.0%±3%

Iohannis vs. Cioloș

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Cioloș UndecidedNoneMargin of error
INSCOP 12 April–3 May 20191,05033.7%14.6%38.0%13.7%±3%

Iohannis vs. Dragnea

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Dragnea UndecidedNoneMargin of error
INSCOP 12 April–3 May 20191,05041.6%18.0%29.1%11.2%±3%

Iohannis vs. Firea

Poll sourceDate(s)Sample size Iohannis Firea UndecidedNoneMargin of error
INSCOP 12 April–3 May 20191,05037.4%Increase2.svg21% Decrease2.svg31.3%10.3%±3%
Avangarde 3–12 May 201780040%44%6%10%±3.47%

Results

The first round of voting was held on 10 November 2019. Incumbent president Klaus Iohannis, of the ruling National Liberal Party (PNL) led the field with 37.8 percent, with former Prime Minister Viorica Dăncilă, of the opposition Social Democratic Party (PSD) finishing second with 22.26 percent. Because no candidate obtained the support of more than 50% of registered voters, [239] the second round was held two weeks later, on 24 November 2019, between Ioannis and Dăncilă. Exit polls on election night showed Iohannis winning handily. [240] [241] He ultimately finished with 66.09 percent of the vote, the second-highest vote share for a winning presidential candidate in direct, popular elections in Romania's democratic history since 1990 onwards.

Dan Barna openly endorsed Iohannis in the second round. Theodor Paleologu positioned himself as against Dăncilă, without openly endorsing Klaus Iohannis (his party, PMP, openly endorsed Klaus Iohannis). Kelemen Hunor openly endorsed Iohannis in the second round (his organization, UDMR/RMDSZ, position itself as non-partisan). Alexandru Cumpănașu positioned himself against Dăncilă, without openly endorsing Iohannis on the other hand however.

CandidatePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
Klaus Iohannis National Liberal Party 3,485,29237.826,509,13566.09
Viorica Dăncilă Social Democratic Party 2,051,72522.263,339,92233.91
Dan Barna 2020 USR-PLUS Alliance 1,384,45015.02
Mircea Diaconu Alliance for "One Man" (PROALDE)815,2018.85
Theodor Paleologu People's Movement Party 527,0985.72
Hunor Kelemen Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 357,0143.87
Ramona Bruynseels Humanist Power Party 244,2752.65
Alexandru Cumpănașu  [ ro ]Independent141,3161.53
Viorel Cataramă Liberal Right Party 48,6620.53
Bogdan Stanoevici  [ ro ]Independent39,1920.43
Cătălin Ivan Alternative for National Dignity32,7870.36
Ninel Peia  [ ro ] Romanian Nationhood Party 30,8840.34
Sebastian PopescuNew Romania Party30,8500.33
John Ion Banu  [ ro ]Romanian Nation Party27,7690.30
Total9,216,515100.009,849,057100.00
Valid votes9,216,51598.479,849,05798.18
Invalid/blank votes142,9611.53182,6481.82
Total votes9,359,476100.0010,031,705100.00
Registered voters/turnout18,286,86551.1818,217,41155.07
Source: BEC (first round); BEC (second round)

By county

First round

County Iohannis
(PNL)
Dăncilă
(PSD)
Barna
(USR-PLUS)
Diaconu
(PRO-ALDE)
Paleologu
(PMP)
Kelemen
(UDMR)
Bruynseels
(PPU)
Cumpănașu
(Ind.)
Cataramă
(DL)
Stanoevici
(Ind.)
Ivan
(ADN)
Peia
(PNeR)
Popescu
(PNR)
Banu
(PNRo)
Alba 51.76%17.33%11.40%6.23%5.32%2.25%2.71%1.04%0.62%0.27%0.33%0.22%0.24%0.30%
Arad 43.30%17.29%13.97%8.19%6.74%4.18%2.83%1.49%0.50%0.39%0.24%0.30%0.29%0.29%
Argeș 30.19%30.88%12.31%14.03%5.12%0.26%3.18%1.76%0.57%0.44%0.31%0.32%0.32%0.33%
Bacău 36.98%25.68%13.07%9.96%5.26%0.72%3.32%1.57%0.98%0.50%0.54%0.52%0.48%0.43%
Bihor 36.03%18.59%11.40%7.89%5.63%15.39%2.21%1.11%0.42%0.27%0.24%0.31%0.24%0.26%
Bistrița-Năsăud 48.76%20.05%10.22%5.97%6.15%3.13%2.45%1.07%0.40%0.25%0.61%0.25%0.31%0.38%
Botoșani 31.08%34.16%8.79%12.46%4.61%0.48%3.13%1.85%1.16%0.45%0.54%0.38%0.48%0.43%
Brașov 41.92%15.21%18.05%9.68%5.38%3.31%2.76%1.25%0.47%0.49%0.48%0.36%0.33%0.29%
Brăila 33.24%31.12%9.58%12.15%4.66%0.36%3.89%1.89%0.80%0.58%0.55%0.38%0.43%0.38%
Bucharest 31.77%17.89%24.83%11.30%8.07%0.21%2.48%1.16%0.53%0.67%0.28%0.39%0.25%0.17%
Buzău 29.69%34.56%9.78%13.42%4.27%0.31%3.63%1.75%0.65%0.43%0.39%0.39%0.37%0.38%
Caraș-Severin 38.48%30.86%8.70%9.10%5.66%0.57%3.01%1.36%0.50%0.43%0.29%0.29%0.37%0.39%
Călărași 37.62%31.84%9.16%9.32%3.69%0.34%3.06%2.26%0.68%0.45%0.39%0.45%0.41%0.33%
Cluj 42.09%10.43%20.18%5.94%8.70%7.80%2.52%0.72%0.43%0.27%0.19%0.25%0.24%0.23%
Constanța 40.15%20.24%15.77%9.73%6.43%0.26%3.09%1.65%0.66%0.56%0.35%0.37%0.41%0.32%
Covasna 16.66%6.91%5.95%3.91%2.04%61.39%3.09%1.65%0.28%0.23%0.17%0.19%0.21%0.22%
Dâmbovița 35.77%32.49%9.64%10.18%4.74%0.26%2.56%1.81%0.68%0.41%0.47%0.25%0.35%0.38%
Dolj 31.96%36.87%11.40%9.76%3.79%0.28%2.31%1.67%0.48%0.32%0.33%0.28%0.27%0.27%
Galați 34.44%27.17%13.31%11.38%5.73%0.37%3.46%1.63%0.53%0.52%0.39%0.32%0.37%0.38%
Giurgiu 30.50%42.85%7.65%9.89%3.06%0.29%2.13%1.61%0.46%0.41%0.34%0.25%0.32%0.23%
Gorj 30.06%37.54%9.83%9.48%5.22%0.48%3.33%1.54%0.44%0.33%0.88%0.23%0.35%0.30%
Harghita 9.45%4.10%3.75%1.83%1.19%77.73%0.72%0.32%0.17%0.12%0.11%0.24%0.15%0.13%
Hunedoara 34.40%29.73%11.06%9.81%5.08%1.82%4.35%1.40%0.57%0.48%0.32%0.37%0.33%0.29%
Ialomița 32.13%32.71%11.11%11.73%4.22%0.44%3.05%2.09%0.64%0.43%0.37%0.33%0.40%0.35%
Iași 36.30%21.35%17.87%9.53%7.85%0.28%2.60%1.52%0.51%0.41%0.74%0.36%0.37%0.31%
Ilfov 39.27%18.57%19.46%9.55%6.32%0.21%2.61%1.57%0.60%0.61%0.28%0.43%0.31%0.21%
Maramureș 40.08%20.67%13.85%7.34%7.97%3.72%2.93%1.17%0.42%0.33%0.31%0.34%0.33%0.40%
Mehedinți 34.84%39.79%6.68%9.76%3.39%0.40%2.09%1.21%0.47%0.29%0.30%0.30%0.22%0.26%
Mureș 34.81%13.46%11.10%5.98%3.69%26.29%2.16%0.98%0.30%0.23%0.25%0.21%0.26%0.29%
Neamț 36.46%26.09%12.13%11.12%5.87%0.41%3.13%1.74%0.64%0.52%0.48%0.47%0.51%0.42%
Olt 29.72%42.99%7.36%8.05%3.12%0.28%2.23%4.42%0.47%0.28%0.29%0.26%0.30%0.23%
Prahova 38.71%22.97%14.08%10.07%6.03%0.29%3.30%1.67%0.67%0.61%0.47%0.39%0.40%0.32%
Satu Mare 35.86%15.45%9.07%6.14%3.16%26.22%1.72%0.77%0.28%0.21%0.26%0.20%0.30%0.37%
Sălaj 33.97%17.74%15.44%5.68%4.53%17.82%2.30%0.79%0.38%0.19%0.45%0.19%0.23%0.29%
Sibiu 66.74%9.71%11.06%4.93%3.39%0.78%1.40%0.61%0.27%0.20%0.20%0.26%0.19%0.27%
Suceava 39.33%24.93%10.74%10.00%7.04%0.36%2.80%1.82%0.75%0.44%0.48%0.48%0.46%0.36%
Teleorman 30.09%47.27%6.56%6.72%3.78%0.28%2.12%1.46%0.43%0.31%0.29%0.19%0.27%0.22%
Timiș 43.82%13.94%20.96%7.41%6.53%1.46%2.82%1.11%0.45%0.38%0.23%0.28%0.29%0.32%
Tulcea 39.27%23.40%12.61%9.97%5.75%0.46%3.51%1.99%0.82%0.49%0.41%0.34%0.53%0.44%
Vaslui 33.16%32.24%12.15%9.16%5.33%0.57%2.74%1.98%0.63%0.35%0.47%0.33%0.47%0.43%
Vâlcea 36.61%32.56%10.05%9.69%4.27%0.41%2.82%1.52%0.34%0.33%0.30%0.37%0.35%0.35%
Vrancea 40.74%28.17%10.07%9.10%4.79%0.32%2.65%1.63%0.62%0.43%0.38%0.33%0.42%0.35%
Abroad 52.57%2.68%28.10%3.61%6.42%0.51%1.70%2.43%0.31%0.42%0.19%0.36%0.39%0.30%
Source: HotNews

Second round

County Iohannis
(PNL)
Dăncilă
(PSD)
Alba 73.43%26.57%
Arad 69.66%30.34%
Argeș 52.19%47.81%
Bacău 62.02%37.98%
Bihor 66.11%33.89%
Bistrița-Năsăud 71.90%28.10%
Botoșani 50.22%49.78%
Brașov 73.55%26.45%
Brăila 54.04%45.96%
Bucharest 67.52%32.48%
Buzău 50.38%49.62%
Caraș-Severin 56.52%43.48%
Călărași 53.91%46.09%
Cluj 81.18%18.82%
Constanța 68.47%31.53%
Covasna 72.93%27.07%
Dâmbovița 53.80%46.20%
Dolj 51.79%48.21%
Galați 60.18%39.82%
Giurgiu 45.18%54.82%
Gorj 48.10%51.90%
Harghita 70.37%29.63%
Hunedoara 54.79%45.21%
Ialomița 52.21%47.79%
Iași 66.21%33.79%
Ilfov 68.23%31.77%
Maramureș 68.12%31.88%
Mehedinți 48.03%51.97%
Mureș 73.60%26.40%
Neamț 58.72%41.28%
Olt 45.59%54.41%
Prahova 64.39%36.61%
Satu Mare 72.56%27.44%
Sălaj 69.15%30.85%
Sibiu 85.28%14.72%
Suceava 61.35%38.65%
Teleorman 40.83%59.17%
Timiș 76.32%23.64%
Tulcea 64.65%35.35%
Vaslui 54.14%45.86%
Vâlcea 53.59%46.41%
Vrancea 59.30%40.70%
Abroad 94.00%6.00%
Source: HotNews

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viorica Dăncilă</span> Romanian politician

Vasilica Viorica Dăncilă is a Romanian politician, former leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), and was Prime Minister of Romania from 29 January 2018 to 4 November 2019. She is the first woman in Romanian history to hold both the office of Prime Minister and that of president of the PSD. In 2014, she was elected to a second term as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP), representing the PSD. She was also president of the Social Democratic Women's Organization (OFSD) between 2015 and 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Save Romania Union</span> Political party in Romania

The Save Romania Union is a liberal political party active in Romania, currently the third largest party in the Parliament of Romania with 41 deputies and 20 senators, and a fifth at local level nationwide, after the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) and the People's Movement Party (PMP), two smaller centre-right political parties in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Romanian parliamentary election</span>

Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 6 December 2020 to elect the 136 members of the Senate and the 330 constituent members of the Chamber of Deputies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017–2019 Romanian protests</span> Romanian protests against political corruption

There were numerous protests against the Romanian Government between 2017 and 2019. In January 2017, days after the government of the Grindeanu Cabinet was sworn into office in Romania, protests took place throughout the country against ordinance bills that were proposed by the Romanian Ministry of Justice regarding the pardoning of certain committed crimes, and the amendment of the Penal Code of Romania. At the heart of these protests is the community Corruption Kills, founded by Florin Bădiță, who alongside other civic groups organized what proved to be the largest protests since 1989, thus realizing the "Revolution of our generation".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2019 Romanian referendum</span>

A consultative referendum took place in Romania on 26 May 2019, on the same day as the European Parliament elections, about whether to prohibit amnesties and pardons for corruption offences, as well as whether to prohibit the Government from passing emergency ordinances concerning the judiciary and to extend the right to appeal against them to the Constitutional Court. Both proposals were approved by wide margins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcel Ciolacu</span> Prime Minister of Romania since 2023

Ion-Marcel Ciolacu is a Romanian politician who currently serves as the Prime Minister of Romania. He is also the leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). As a previously little-known politician outside of Buzău County, where he owns a pastry shop and a consulting firm, Ciolacu came into national prominence when he became the deputy prime minister in 2018 in the cabinet of Prime Minister Mihai Tudose. Allegedly, he was given this office in order to report Tudose's activities to Liviu Dragnea, who had been unable to become prime minister himself and was wary of Tudose becoming a power player in the party. Ciolacu soon broke with Dragnea and became an ally of Tudose against Dragnea's leadership. After Tudose's resignation, Ciolacu was marginalized within PSD but still retained the leadership of PSD Buzău. Ciolacu once again returned to prominence in 2019 after Liviu Dragnea had been convicted on abuse of office and incitement to intellectual forgery charges, having to serve a 3 years, 6 months sentence. With the Social Democrats still controlling a majority both in the Chamber and in the Senate, Ciolacu won the position of President of the Chamber of Deputies, with 172 votes for and 120 against, previously held by Dragnea himself.

Cristian-Vasile Terheș is a Romanian politician currently serving as a Member of the European Parliament for Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (PNȚ-CD) after being elected on the Social Democratic Party (PSD) list.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Moldovan presidential election</span>

Presidential elections were held in Moldova on 1 November. The fourth direct elections since independence in 1991, voters had the possibility to either elect a new president or re-elect the incumbent Igor Dodon. Because no candidate received a majority of votes in the first round, a run-off between the top two candidates, Maia Sandu and Dodon, was held on 15 November. Maia Sandu won the second round with 57.72% of the vote, becoming the first female President of the country and the first winner from the Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolae Ciucă</span> 70th Prime Minister of Romania

Nicolae Ionel Ciucă is a Romanian politician and retired general of the Romanian Land Forces who is serving as the president of the Senate of Romania. Ideologically a conservative, he served as Prime Minister of Romania between 25 November 2021 and 12 June 2023 after receiving widespread parliamentary support on behalf of his own party, the National Liberal Party (PNL) along with the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). Since 10 April 2022, he has also been serving as the president of the National Liberal Party (PNL). On 12 June 2023, he resigned as Prime Minister, being temporarily replaced by Cătălin Predoiu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Democracy at Home Party</span> Moldovan political party

The Democracy at Home Party or Democracy at Home Political Party is a populist political party in the Republic of Moldova.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Romanian Nationhood Party</span> Romanian nationalist political party

The Romanian Nationhood Party is a far-right, Romanian nationalist political party. It was founded by Ninel Peia, a former member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). The party is critical of Hungarian-born American billionaire George Soros.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2024 Romanian parliamentary election</span>

Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Romania on 8 December 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2024 Romanian presidential election</span>

Presidential elections will be held in Romania on 15 September 2024, with a possible second round to be held on 29 September if no candidate receives over 50% of the vote. They will be the ninth presidential elections held in post-1989 Romania. As the Romanian Constitution allows a maximum of two presidential terms, incumbent President of Romania Klaus Iohannis, first elected in 2014 and then re-elected in 2019, is not eligible for re-election. His second term will normally end in December 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Force of the Right</span> Political party in Romania

Force of the Right, sometimes translated as Right's Force or Right Force, is a liberal-conservative political party in Romania founded in December 2021 by Ludovic Orban, former National Liberal Party (PNL) president and former Prime Minister of Romania between 2019 and 2020, in opposition to the current leadership of the PNL which is currently officially led by Nicolae Ciucă and unofficially by Klaus Iohannis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Coalition for Romania</span> Grand coalition in Romania

The National Coalition for Romania, initially referred to as the Coalition for Resilience, Development and Prosperity, is a big tent grand coalition in Romania, which includes the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the National Liberal Party (PNL). In addition, this grand coalition supports the presidency of Klaus Iohannis. The CNR also included the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) until its withdrawal from the coalition in June 2023.

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