2024 Belarusian parliamentary election

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2024 Belarusian parliamentary election
Flag of Belarus.svg
  2019 25 February 2024

All 110 seats in the House of Representatives
56 seats needed for a majority
Turnout73.09%
PartyLeaderSeats+/–
Belaya Rus Oleg Romanov 51New
RPTS Alexander Khizhnyak  [ be ]8+2
CPB Aliaksiej Sokal 7−4
LDPB Oleg Gaidukevich 4+3
Independents 40−49
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Speaker of the House of Representatives beforeSpeaker of the House of Representatives after
Vladimir Andreichenko
Independent
Igor Sergeyenko  [ be ]
Independent
Parliamentary and local elections logo (Russian-language version) Logo for the 2024 Belarusian parliamentary and local elections.png
Parliamentary and local elections logo (Russian-language version)

Parliamentary elections were held in Belarus on 25 February 2024. [1] [2] [3] The country elected 110 deputies to the lower house of parliament (House of Representatives) and about 12,000 representatives of local councils. [4]

Contents

There were no opposition candidates in these parliamentary campaigns — all contenders come from four registered political parties, each of which is pro-government, or pro-government independents. [5] The Belarusian opposition called for boycotting the elections or voting against all. [6] [7] The Belarusian authorities refused to invite observers from the OSCE. [8]

Background

The elections were the first since the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests against the authoritarian regime of President Alexander Lukashenko, who has been in office since 1994. Lukashenko warned that the authorities had “learnt our lesson” since the protests and that there would be “no rebellions” during the election. A month before the election, the Belarusian KGB launched a series of raids targeting the families of political prisoners. [9] Observers and human rights organizations have noted that since the protests, the regime has thoroughly "cleansed" the political landscape, and that conditions for free elections are "currently practically absent in Belarus." [10]

On 29 January 2024, at the meeting of the Supreme State Council of the Union State of Russia and Belarus, Lukashenko expressed confidence that the voting will be held calmly. "The period is so difficult, but, as you can see, it passes calmly. And I'm sure we'll approach these dates calmly and hold these events just as calmly." [5] Days before the election, Lukashenko accused the West of trying to use “new triggers to destabilize the society” and claimed that Polish authorities were trying to convince senior Belarusian officials to switch their allegiance as part of a coup plot. Belarusian political analyst Valery Karbalevich noted that Lukashenko was treating the election like a "military operation", with authorities seeing any vote "as a threat and a pretext to step up repressions and tighten the screws." [11]

Electoral system and conduct

The 110 members of the House of Representatives were elected from single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting. [12]

On 16 February 2023, the Law "On Amendments to the Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus" was adopted. According to the law, the minimum voter turnout threshold was abolished and a ban on photographing the ballot paper was introduced. In addition, polling stations for voting abroad were abolished and additional requirements for parliamentary candidates were introduced (including a ban on dual citizenship). [13] The Interior Ministry conducted drills during which police detained offenders photographing ballots and creating artificial queues outside polling stations. [14]

Early voting was held from 20 to 24 February 2024 with turnout reaching over 40% according to authorities. The Viasna Human Rights Center said that students, soldiers, teachers and other government employees were forced to participate in early voting. [14] Authorities later said that total turnout reached 73%. [15]

Participating parties

In February 2023, the Belarusian government changed the legislation on political parties. The minimum number of members was increased from one to five thousand, the obligation to have structures in all country regions and other tightening norms were introduced. [16] In Summer-Autumn 2023, the Belarusian authorities conducted a mass "re-registration" of political parties, as a result of which only 4 out of 15 parties remained registered. 11 other parties - mostly opposition parties - were legally liquidated at the request of the Ministry of Justice of Belarus. [17] The initiator of the party changes was President Lukashenko, who in April 2022 announced about "the upcoming big work in party building and bringing order in public associations" and demanded to rewrite the legislation. [18] And in December he said that "only those parties should work in the political field of the country, the activity of which corresponds to the basic principles of domestic and foreign policy". [19] The political parties that were allowed to run in the elections have supported Lukashenko's policies. [9]

PartyLeaderIdeology 2019 result
Votes (%)Seats
Communist Party of Belarus (CPB) Aliaksiej Sokal Communism
Marxism–Leninism
10.62%
11 / 110
Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus (LDPB) Oleg Gaidukevich Russian-Belarusian unionism
Right-wing populism
5.33%
1 / 110
Republican Party of Labour and Justice (RPTS) Alexander Khizhnyak  [ be ] Democratic socialism
Social democracy
6.75%
6 / 110
Belaya Rus (PBR) Oleg Romanov Russophilia
Euroscepticism
Agrarianism
Did not exist

Candidates

Party affiliation of candidates for the House of Representatives [20]
PartyIdeologyCandidates by electoral district
Brest Region Vitebsk Region Gomel Region Grodno Region Minsk Region Mogilev Region City of Minsk Total
34334335352659265
Belarusian Party "Belaya Rus" Pro-Lukashenko 23131916151213111
Communist Party of Belarus Communism 2137161434
Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus Right-wing populism 17103131136
Republican Party of Labour and Justice Democratic socialism 318233222
Non-partisans 511371521962

Observers

Since 1995, no election in Belarus has been recognized as free and fair by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). [14] For the 2024 election, its observers were not allowed to participate in the election, marking the third consecutive time that the organization was prevented from doing so in Belarus. The Belarusian Foreign Ministry said that the "reasons for this are clear and simple," namely "the traditional dominance of representatives of Western countries in OSCE missions," the imposition of "unjustified and tough" sanctions by Western countries and the "deterioration of logistical opportunities" in the movement of its citizens to and from the country. The Central Election Commission of Belarus instead issued invitations to election commissions in other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States and delegates from the Association of World Election Bodies. It also accredited representatives from 23 European Union member states, including from Germany, Poland and Lithuania, whose identities and affiliations were not disclosed. The Parliamentary Assembly of the Collective Security Treaty Organization also sent a mission to observe the vote. [10]

Results

Belarus House of Representatives 2024.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Belaya Rus 51New
Republican Party of Labour and Justice 8+2
Communist Party of Belarus 7–4
Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus 4+3
Independents40–49
Against all
Total1100
Registered voters/turnout6,912,22173.09
Source: CEC of Belarus, Tochka.by

The CEC stated that the results of the election will be established by 1 March 2024. [21]

Elected deputies

On 26 February 2024, the Central Election Commission of Belarus published a preliminary list of elected deputies of the House of Representatives of the eighth convocation. [22] [23] [24]

RegionConstituencyDeputyPartyNotes
Brest Brestsky-West Valentina Pukh Belaya Rus
Brestsky-Centre Olga Stepus Independent
Brestsky-East Vladimir Borovenko Belaya Rus
Brestsky-Border Andrey Krupenkin Independent
Baranovichsky-West Alexey Raiko Belaya Rus
Baranovichsky-East Pavel Popko Belaya Rus
Baranovichsky Rural Georgy Khlebovich Belaya Rus
Belovezhsky Yekaterina Pozdyaykina Belaya Rus
Pruzhansky Yuri Narkevich Belaya Rus
Dnepro-Bugsky Svetlana Bartosh RPTS
Ivatsevichsky Oleg Kuzmin Belaya Rus
Kobrinsky Polina Vasilyuk Belaya Rus
Luninetsky Eduard Severin Independent
Pinsky City Alexander Omelyanyuk CPB
Pinsky Rural Vladimir Kolesnikovich Belaya Rus
Stolinsky Alexander Vechorko Belaya Rus
Vitebsk Vitebsky-Gorkovsky Viktor Nikolaykin Independent
Vitebsky-Chkalovsky Irina Astapenko Belaya Rus
Vitebsky-Zheleznodorozhny Ruslan Shkodin Independent
Vitebsky-Oktyabrsky Yuri Panfilov Independent
Gorodoksky Andrey Balysh LDPB
Dokshitsky Anatoly Sivko Independent
Lepelsky Viktor Azarenok Independent
Novopolotsky Denis Karas RPTS
Orshansky City Alexander Mikhno Independent
Orshansky-Dneprovsky Gleb Gulenkov Independent
Polotsky City Svetlana Odintsova Independent
Polotsky Rural Alexander Stoma Belaya Rus
Postavsky Igor Sergeyenko  [ be ] Independent
Tolochinsky Vladimir Babichev Independent
Gomel Gomelsky-Yubileiny Vitaly Utkin LDPB
Gomelsky-Zheleznodorozhny Alexander Konopatsky CPB
Gomelsky-Tsentralny Vladimir Gavrilovich Belaya Rus
Gomelsky-Sovetsky Irina Dovgalo Independent
Gomelsky-Promyshlenny Anzhelina Syromyatnikova Belaya Rus
Gomelsky-Novobelitsky Sergey Kazachok Belaya Rus
Gomelsky Rural Yulia Volkova RPTS
Buda-Koshelevsky Ruslan Vegera Belaya Rus
Zhitkovichsky Svetlana Senko Belaya Rus
Zhlobinsky Alexander Malobitsky Belaya Rus
Kalinkovichsky Nikolay Maratayev Independent
Mozyrsky Oksana Kovalkova Belaya Rus
Polessky Alla Naumenko Belaya Rus
Rechitsky Oleg Tsilko RPTS
Rogachevsky Nikolay Kudenchuk Independent
Svetlogorsky Yelena Lapteva Belaya Rus
Hoyniksky Zhanna Chernyavskaya CPB
Grodno Volkovyssky Viktor Pleskach Belaya Rus
Grodnensky-Zanemansky Mikhail Oksenyuk Independent
Grodnensky-Oktyabrsky Yelena Potapova CPB
Grodnensky-Leninsky Andrey Anisimov Belaya Rus
Grodnensky-Severny Oleg Romanov Belaya Rus Belaya Rus leader
Grodnensky Border Anton Kulisevich Belaya Rus
Ivyevsky Vitaly Rakovets Belaya Rus
Lidsky Yekaterina Serafinovich Belaya Rus
Nemansky Mikhail Orda Independent FPB leader
Zamkovyy Alexander Songin RPTS
Slonimsky Valentin Semenyako Independent
Smorgonsky Igor Shaludin Belaya Rus
Shchuchinsky Nadezhna Khaltsova Belaya Rus
Minsk Berezinsky Yuri Korsik Belaya Rus
Borisovsky City Alexander Shipulo Belaya Rus
Borisovsky Rural Ruslan Kosygin Belaya Rus
Zhodinsky Yuri Maretsky Independent
Pukhovichsky Yelena Parkhimchik RPTS
Kopylsky Andrey Lis Independent
Slutsky Natalya Ovsyannikova Independent
Soligorsky City Yelena Khamitsevich RPTS
Soligorsky Rural Oksana Ilkovich Belaya Rus
Stolbtsovsky Yelena Klishevich Belaya Rus
Dzerzhinsky Irina Kostevich Independent
Molodechnensky City Denis Ushatsky Independent
Molodechnensky Rural Ivan Markevich Belaya Rus
Vileysky Svetlana Sokolovskaya Independent
Logoysky Tatyana Lavrinovich Belaya Rus
Senitsky Anatoly Bulavko Independent
Zaslavsky Yelena Khilya Belaya Rus
Mogilev Bobruisky-Leninsky Olga Zhuk Belaya Rus
Bobruisky-Pervomaisky Oksana Prikhodko LDPB
Bobruisky Rural Anton Karankevich Belaya Rus
Bykhovsky Alexandra Mikheyenko Belaya Rus
Goretsky Vladimir Pavlovsky RPTS
Krichevsky Sergey Davydov Independent
Mogilevsky-Leninsky Igor Marzalyuk Independent
Mogilevsky-Centralny Natalya Kuleshova Belaya Rus
Mogilevsky-Oktyabrsky Galina Belyayeva Belaya Rus
Mogilevsky-Promyshlenny Vladimir Podobed CPB
Mogilevsky Rural Natalya Tarasenko CPB
Osipovichsky Oleg Dyachenko Belaya Rus
Schklovsky Valery Malashko Belaya Rus
Minsk City Severny Dzmitry Shautsou Independent
Mashinostroitelny Gennady Lepeshko Independent
Vasnetsovsky Sergey Rachkov Independent
Kupalovsky Igor Pashkov Independent
Svislochsky Alexander Shpakovsky Belaya Rus
Oktyabrsky Sergey Klishevich CPB
Chkalovsky Vyacheslav Danilovich Belaya Rus
Dzerzhinsky Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova Independent
Yeseninsky Ruslan Chernetsky Belaya Rus
Yugo-Zapadny Alexander Barsukov Independent
Zapadny Marina Lenchevskaya Independent
Kamenogorsky Mikhail Mironchik Independent
Kalvariysky Vasily Panasyuk Belaya Rus
Lynkovsky Anzhelika Kurchak Independent
Starovilensky Vadim Ipatov Independent
Kolasovsky Nikolay Buzin Independent
Vostochny Natalya Dergach Belaya Rus
Pervomaisky Oleg Gaidukevich LDPB LDPB leader
Uruchsky Ivan Gordeychik Independent
Partizansky Vadim Gigin Belaya Rus

Reactions

On election day, Lukashenko announced that he would run again for president in the 2025 elections. [14]

Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, Lukashenko's exiled opponent in the 2020 Belarusian presidential election, called for a boycott of the election, saying that "there are no people on the ballot who would offer real changes because the regime only has allowed puppets convenient for it to take part". She also called on the international community not to recognize the results of the election. [9] Tsikhanouskaya's video message was broadcast on 2,000 screens used for street advertising across Belarus after opposition activists managed to gain access to them, leading to the arrests of some employees of the firm which owned the screens. [15] Members of the Belarusian opposition have popularly referred to the elections as biazvybary (Belarusian: Бязвыбары, lit.'without-elections'), in reference to the tight government control over elections. [25] [26] [27]

Russian president Vladimir Putin congratulated Lukashenko on “the confident victory of patriotic forces of Belarus”, which he said helped to ”ensure internal political stability.” [15]

The United States Department of State condemned the elections, describing them as being "held in a climate of fear under which no electoral processes could be called democratic." [28]

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