Abyssochrysos

Abyssochrysos
anatomy of Abyssochrysos melanioides removed from the shell
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Family:	Abyssochrysidae
Genus:	Abyssochrysos Tomlin, 1927 [1]
Type species
Abyssochrysos melanioidesTomlin, 1927

Abyssochrysos is a genus of bathyal sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Abyssochrysidae. ^[2]

Description

The characteristics (shell, radula and anatomy) of the species mark this genus as simple gastropods, unassigned in the clade Caenogastropoda. Their taenioglossate radula (formula: 2+1+1+1+2) is unique among the Prosobranchia because of the sickle-shaped rachidian tooth and the thick, sinuous, sharply cusped lateral teeth. They have tentacles but lack eyes. The mantle cavity goes deep (about 2½ whorls). The long, wide ctenidium is monopectinate. The pallial gonoducts are closed. The large penis-like organ is a right-dorsal mantle process. ^[3]

Species

Species within the genus Abyssochrysos include:

• Abyssochrysos bicinctus Bouchet, 1991 ^{[4] [5]}
• † Abyssochrysos bituminifer (C. W. Cooke, 1919)
• Abyssochrysos brasilianus Bouchet, 1991 ^{[4] [6]}
• † Abyssochrysos costatus (C. W. Cooke, 1919)
• Abyssochrysos eburneus Locard, 1897 ^[7]
• Abyssochrysos melanioides Tomlin, 1927 ^[8]
• Abyssochrysos melvilli Schepman, 1909 ^[9]
• Abyssochrysos xouthos Killeen & Oliver, 2000 ^{[10] [11]}

Species brought into synonymy

• Abyssochrysos bicinctum(Bouchet), 1991: synonym of Abyssochrysos bicinctus(Bouchet, 1991)
• Abyssochrysos brasilianum(Bouchet), 1991: synonym of Abyssochrysos brasilianus(Bouchet, 1991)
• Abyssochrysos eburneum(Locard, 1897): synonym of Abyssochrysos eburneus(Locard, 1897)
• † Abyssochrysos giganteumKiel, K. A. Campbell, Elder & C. Little, 2008: synonym of † Ascheria gigantea (Kiel, K. A. Campbell, Elder & C. Little, 2008) (original combination)
• Abyssochrysos tomliniBarnard, 1963: synonym of Abyssochrysos melvilli (Schepman, 1909)

References

1. Tomlin J. R. le B. (1927). "Reports on the Marine Mollusca in the Collections of the South African Museum, II: Families Abyssochrysidae, Oocorythidae, Haliotidae, Tonnidae". Annals of the South African Museum 25(1): 77-83, 4 figures. page 77.
2. Abyssochrysos Tomlin, 1927 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.
3. ¨Houbrick R.S. 1979. Classification and systematic relationships of the Abyssochrysidae, a relict family of bathyal snails (Prosobranchia; Gastropoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 290: 1-21
4. Bouchet P. (1991). "New records and new species of Abyssochrysos (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda). Journal of Natural History25(2): 305–313. doi : 10.1080/00222939100770221.
5. Abyssochrysos bicinctum Bouchet, 1991 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.
6. Abyssochrysos brasilianum Bouchet, 1991 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.
7. Abyssochrysos eburneum (Locard, 1897) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.
8. Abyssochrysos melanioides Tomlin, 1927 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.
9. Abyssochrysos melvilli (Schepman, 1909) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.
10. Killeen I. J. & Oliver P. G. (2000). "A new species of Abyssochrysos (Gastropoda: Loxonematoidea) from the Oman margin". Journal of Molluscan Studies66(1): 95–98. doi : 10.1093/mollus/66.1.95
11. Abyssochrysos xouthos Killeen & Oliver, 2000 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 May 2010.

• Bouchet P. (1991). New records and new species of Abyssochrysos (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda).' Journal of Natural History 25(2): 305–313

External links

• Tomlin, J. R. le B. (1927). Reports on the marine Mollusca in the collections of the South African Museum. II. Families Abyssochrysidae, Oocorythidae, Haliotidae, Tonnidae. Annals of the South African Museum 25(1): 77–83.
• Houbrick, R. S. (1979). Classification and systematic relationships of the Abyssochrysidae, a relict family of bathyal snails (Prosobranchia; Gastropoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 290: 1-21