Aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1

Last updated
ALDH4A1
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases ALDH4A1 , ALDH4, P5CD, P5CDh, Aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family member A1
External IDs OMIM: 606811 MGI: 2443883 HomoloGene: 6081 GeneCards: ALDH4A1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001161504
NM_003748
NM_170726
NM_001319218

NM_175438

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001154976
NP_001306147
NP_003739
NP_733844

NP_780647

Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 18.87 – 18.9 Mb Chr 4: 139.35 – 139.38 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH4A1 gene. [5] [6]

Contents

This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. This enzyme is a mitochondrial matrix NAD-dependent dehydrogenase that catalyzes the second step of the proline degradation pathway, converting pyrroline-5-carboxylate to glutamate. Deficiency of this enzyme is associated with type II hyperprolinemia, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by accumulation of delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) and proline. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH2</span> Enzyme

Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH2 gene located on chromosome 12. This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of enzymes. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. Two major liver isoforms of aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic and mitochondrial, can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobilities, kinetic properties, and subcellular localizations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid</span> Chemical compound

1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid is a cyclic imino acid. Its conjugate base and anion is 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C). In solution, P5C is in spontaneous equilibrium with glutamate-5-semialdhyde (GSA). The stereoisomer (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate is an intermediate metabolite in the biosynthesis and degradation of proline and arginine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyperprolinemia</span> Medical condition

Hyperprolinemia is a condition which occurs when the amino acid proline is not broken down properly by the enzymes proline oxidase or pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, causing a buildup of proline in the body.

In enzymology, a 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.88) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Proline dehydrogenase</span>

In enzymology, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) is an enzyme of the oxidoreductase family, active in the oxidation of L-proline to (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate during proline catabolism. The end product of this reaction is then further oxidized in a (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH)-dependent reaction of the proline metabolism, or spent to produce ornithine, a crucial metabolite of ornithine and arginine metabolism. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-proline:quinone oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include L-proline dehydrogenase, L-proline oxidase,and L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase. It employs one cofactor, FAD, which requires riboflavin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase</span>

In enzymology, a pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (EC 1.5.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH5A1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PYCR1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PYCR1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1B1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1B1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1A2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, also known as ALDH1A2 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1A2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family, member A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH18A1 gene. This gene is a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family and encodes a bifunctional ATP- and NADPH-dependent mitochondrial enzyme with both gamma-glutamyl kinase and gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase activities. The encoded protein catalyzes the reduction of glutamate to delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate, a critical step in the de novo biosynthesis of proline, ornithine and arginine. Mutations in this gene lead to hyperammonemia, hypoornithinemia, hypocitrullinemia, hypoargininemia and hypoprolinemia and may be associated with neurodegeneration, cataracts and connective tissue diseases. Alternatively spliced transcript variants, encoding different isoforms, have been described for this gene. As reported by Bruno Reversade and colleagues, ALDH18A1 deficiency or dominant-negative mutations in P5CS in humans causes a progeroid disease known as De Barsy Syndrome.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1L1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1L1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ECH1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Delta(3,5)-Delta(2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ECH1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH3B2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH3B2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family, member A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating], mitochondrial (MMSDH) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH6A1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH16A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 16 family, member A1 also known as ALDH16A1 is an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1L2</span>

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member L2 also known as ALDH1L2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1L2 gene. ALDH1L2 is the mitochondrial isoform of a similar enzyme, ALDH1L1, which converts 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and carbon dioxide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1A3</span>

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A3, also known as ALDH1A3 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3 (RALDH3), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1A3 gene,

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALDH1A1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1, also known as ALDH1A1 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1), is an enzyme that is encoded by the ALDH1A1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PYCR2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family, member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PYCR2 gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000159423 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028737 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Hu CA, Lin WW, Valle D (Jun 1996). "Cloning, characterization, and expression of cDNAs encoding human delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase". J Biol Chem. 271 (16): 9795–800. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.16.9795 . PMID   8621661.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: ALDH4A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1".

Further reading