He is the author of over 60 books, poems, songs, and other literary works.[1] His song "Atlantes Hold the Heavens" is the official anthem of the Hermitage Museum and considered as unofficial anthem of Saint Petersburg.[2][3]
Professionally, he is a geologist and oceanographer. Gorodnitsky is an author of over 250 scientific publications on geophysics and tectonics of ocean bottom.[1]
Gorodnitsky was born on 20 March 1933 in Leningrad to a Russian Jewish family originated from Mogilev.[5] His father — Moisey Afroimovich Gorodnitsky (1908–1986)[6] — was an engineer who worked in the printing industry.[7] His mother — Rakhil Moiseevna Gorodnitskaya (1908–1981),[6] — in her youth, was a school maths teacher, then worked as corrector and editor of sailing directions.[7]
From 1957 until 1972 Gorodnitsky worked in the Research institute for Geology of Arctic (its current name is All-Russian Research Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean named after academician I.S. Gramberg). He has participated in many geological expeditions. Gorodnitsky is one of the discoverers of the Igarskoye copper deposit (1962).
Since 1962, he has participated in maritime geophysical expeditions. Gorodnitsky is one of the authors of new ocean's electric field measurement method (1967). In collaboration with V.D. Fedorov and A.N. Paramonov he discovered the bioelectric effect of phytoplankton (1967). In 1968, he became a Candidate of Sciences (thesis on "The application of magnetometry and electrometry for the ocean bottom exploration").
He teaches in the State University of the naukogradDubna as visiting professor.[11] He was awarded the honorary title of "Merited figure of sciences of Russian Federation" (2005).[12]
Gorodnitsky was at the drifting station at the North Pole (1964) and in Antarctica (1973). In 1982 and 1984, he took part in expeditions devoted to the search for the legendary Atlantis at the Ampère Seamount in the North Atlantic.[13]
Gorodnitsky's research included numerous dives on bathyscaphes, starting from Hermit Atoll in Papua New Guinea in 1978. In 1988, during an expedition on the research ship Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in the North Atlantic on the deep-sea apparatus Mir (submersible), he dived to a depth of 4.5 kilometers.[10]
Poet and singer-songwriter
Alexander GorodnitskyAlexander Gorodnitsky and Alexander Kostromin
Gorodnitsky's first songs appeared during his expedition in 1953. For a long time his songs were distributed via samizdat tape recordings, and often performed by other singers. Like Alexander Galich, and unlike other bards, Gorodnitsky composed and sang his songs a cappella for several decades; later, he started playing the guitar. Most of his songs are based on his personal experiences. In concert, he usually performs with a professional guitarist accompanying him.
In 1972, Alexander Gorodnitsky was admitted to the Union of Soviet Writers on the recommendations of famous poets Boris Slutsky, David Samoilov, and Vadim Shefner.
In the opinion of literary critics: "The art of Alexander Gorodnitsky is definitely a most remarkable phenomenon of both guitar poetry and the wider Russian literary culture of the 20th century. Having undergone a nearly 50-year-long evolution, it now presents an organic synthesis of the poetic word with profound philosophical, historical, and scientific intuition to embody in its multi-genre creative system the essential qualities of the modern worldview".
Poems and songs by Alexander Gorodnitsky have been translated into English, Bulgarian, Hebrew, Spanish, German, Polish, French, Czech and other languages. They have also been included in school curricula.
Gorodnitsky is acknowledged to be one of the founders of the bard songs genre in Soviet Union. His most popular songs are following: "Atlantes Hold the Heavens", "Near the Pillars of Hercules", "To the mainland", "Blue sky above Canada", "French ambassador's wife", "Snow", "Riffles", "The song of polar pilots".[9]
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Metropolitan Eugene is a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia and primate of the Estonian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, former rector of Moscow Theological Academy (1995–2018) and Chairman of the Educational Committee of the Holy Synod (1994–2018). After on January 18, 2024, Estonia announced that it would not renew Reshetnikov's residence permit Reshetnikov left Estonia on February 6, 2024. His residence permit was evoked because he was assessed to be a security risk due to his justification of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and his defense of the Russian government.
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