Alfonso de Galarreta

His Excellency, The Most Reverend Alfonso de Galarreta FSSPX
Auxiliary Bishop of the Society of Saint Pius X
Bishop Alfonso de Galarreta, circa 2011.
Orders
Ordination	24 August 1980 by  Marcel Lefebvre
Consecration	30 June 1988 by Marcel Lefebvre
Personal details
Born	(1957-01-14) 14 January 1957 (age 67) Torrelavega, Spain
Nationality	Spanish
Denomination	Catholic Church
Alma mater	The International Seminary of Saint Pius X
Motto	Omnia per Mariam (All by Mary)
Coat of arms

Ordination history of Alfonso de Galarreta
History Priestly ordination Ordained by Marcel Lefebvre Date 24 August 1980 Place La Rega, Argentina Episcopal consecration Principal consecrator Marcel Lefebvre Co-consecrators Antônio de Castro Mayer Date 30 June 1988 Place The International Seminary of Saint Pius X, Écône, Switzerland
Episcopal succession Bishops consecrated by Alfonso de Galarreta as principal consecrator Licínio Rangel July 28, 1991

Alfonso de Galarreta Genua, FSSPX (born 14 January 1957), is a Spanish-born Argentine traditionalist Catholic bishop of the Society of Saint Pius X. Bishop de Galarreta has served as the First Assistant of the Society of Saint Pius X, working under the direction of the Superior General Fr. Davide Pagliarani, since 2018. ^[1] In addition to this, Bishop de Galaretta has been the President of the SSPX—Vatican Commission since 2009, which directs the Society's correspondence with the Holy See. ^[2]

Born in Cantabria in northern Spain, he migrated to Argentina as a child. Alfonso de Galarreta underwent priestly formation at the International Seminary of Saint Pius X at Écône, Switzerland, before being ordained a priest by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre at Buenos Aires in 1980. The Society represented a traditional Catholic pushback against the liberalising implications of the Second Vatican Council. Alfonso de Galarreta was one of four SSPX priests (along with Frs. Bernard Fellay, Bernard Tissier de Mallerais and Richard Williamson) who were consecrated as Bishops during the Écône consecrations in 1988. The consecrations were carried out by two bishops of the Catholic Church, Archbishop Lefebvre and Bishop Antônio de Castro Mayer, as an "emergency measure" due to Modernism in the Catholic Church, but without the permission of Rome, and thus Pope John Paul II claimed in his Ecclesia Dei motu proprio that the men had incurred latae sententiae excommunication on account of disobedience. ^[3]

The SSPX denied the legal validity of the excommunication, saying that the consecrations were necessary due to a moral and theological crisis in the Catholic Church and thus continued to operate regardless. ^{[4] [5] [6]} After the consecrations, Bishop de Galarreta became the Rector of the Our Lady Co-Redemptrix Seminary at La Reja in Argentina, which serves Latin America. He became the Superior of the SSPX District of Spain and Portugal in 1994, before becoming the Second Assistant of the Society of Saint Pius X in 2002. During the pontificate of Pope Benedict XVI in 2009, the Holy See officially declared the remission of the SSPX's contested automatic excommunications. ^[7]

Écône consecrations

Main article: Écône consecrations

In June 1988, Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre announced his intention to consecrate de Galarreta and three other priests (Bernard Fellay, Bernard Tissier de Mallerais, and Richard Williamson) as bishops. Lefebvre did not have a pontifical mandate for these consecrations (i.e. permission from the pope), normally required by Canon 1382 of the Code of Canon Law. On June 17, 1988 Cardinal Bernardin Gantin, prefect of the Congregation for Bishops sent the four priests a formal canonical warning that he would automatically incur the penalty of excommunication if they were to be consecrated by Lefebvre without papal permission.

On June 30, 1988 de Galarreta and the three other priests were consecrated bishop by Archbishop Lefebvre and Bishop Antônio de Castro Mayer. On July 1, 1988 Cardinal Gantin issued a declaration stating that Lefebvre, de Castro Mayer, de Galarreta, and the three other newly-ordained bishops "have incurred ipso facto the excommunication latae sententiae reserved to the Apostolic See".

On July 2, 1988, Pope John Paul II issued the motu proprio Ecclesia Dei , in which he reaffirmed the excommunication, and described the consecration as an act of "disobedience to the Roman pontiff in a very grave matter and of supreme importance for the unity of the Church", and that "such disobedience — which implies in practice the rejection of the Roman primacy — constitutes a schismatic act". ^[8] Cardinal Darío Castrillón Hoyos, head of the commission responsible for implementing Ecclesia Dei, has said this resulted in a "situation of separation, even if it was not a formal schism." ^[9]

The SSPX denied the validity of the excommunications, saying that the consecrations were necessary due to a moral and theological crisis in the Catholic Church. ^{[10] [5] [11]}

In 2009, the excommunications were lifted by Pope Benedict XVI. ^[12]

SSPX Bishop

de Galarreta in 2011

The canonical situation of the four bishops thus became the same as that of the other clergy of the Society, who are suspended a divinis. ^[13]

References

1. General Assistants
2. SSPX's members of theological commission named
3. Apostolic letter Ecclesia Dei Archived January 29, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
4. SSPX FAQ Question 11 (29 June 1987). SSPX.org. Accessed 2008-01-01 Archived 12 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine
5. The 1988 consecrations: a theological study (July & September 1999). Sì sì no no via SSPX.org. Accessed 2008-01-01 Archived 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine
6. The 1988 consecrations: a canonical study (November 1999). Sì sì no no via SSPX.org. Accessed 2008-01-01 Archived 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine
7. Remissione della scomunica latae sententiae ai vescovi della Fraternità sacerdotale San Pio X, 24.1.2009 Archived 2009-02-01 at the Wayback Machine
8. Apostolic letter Ecclesia Dei (July 2, 1988). Vatican.va. Accessed May 18, 2017.
9. Interview for 30 days Archived 2006-02-13 at the Wayback Machine (2005). 30giorni. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
10. SSPX FAQ Question 11 Archived 2011-04-12 at the Wayback Machine (29 June 1987). SSPX.org. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
11. The 1988 consecrations: a canonical study Archived 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine (November 1999). Sì sì no no via SSPX.org. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
12. "Decree remitting the excommunication "latae sententiae" of the Bishops of the Society of St Pius X".
13. Letter of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei of 29 September 1995