Istituto Mater Boni Consilii | |
Abbreviation | IMBC |
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Formation | December 1985 |
Type | Sedeprivationist Catholic religious congregation |
Headquarters | Verrua Savoia, Turin, Italy |
Superior General | Fr Francesco Ricossa |
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The Institute of the Mother of Good Counsel (Italian : Istituto Mater Boni Consilii; Latin : Institutum Mater Boni Consilii; IMBC) is a sedeprivationist traditionalist Catholic religious congregation based in Italy.
Adhering to the Thesis of Cassiciacum of the French theologian Bishop Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers, the institute teaches that while Pope Francis is a duly elected pope, unless he recants the doctrinal changes brought by the Second Vatican Council, he lacks the authority to either teach or govern, and is only pope materialiter sed non formaliter, that is "materially but not formally". [1]
The Institute of the Mother of Good Counsel was formed in December 1985, when four Italian priests left the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX). These priests were Father Francesco Ricossa, Father Franco Munari, Father Curzio Nitoglia, and Father Giuseppe Murro. These priests were dissatisfied with the position the SSPX, which acknowledged John Paul II as a true pope but disobeyed him.
The IMBC was first based in Nichelino, Province of Turin, [2] Italy, then later in Verrua Savoia, Province of Turin (currently the Metropolitan City of Turin), Italy.
In September 1986, two priests of the institute traveled to Raveau, France, for the IMBC, to meet the French sedeprivationist Bishop Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers, whose Thesis of Cassiciacum the IMBC adopted. [3]
In May 1987, the founders of institute wrote a retraction of doctrines they professed in the past when they still belonged to the SSPX. [4]
In 1987, Des Lauriers consecrated to the episcopacy Father Giorgio Munari, an Italian priest and member of the IMBC. [5] However, on 26 October 1990, Munari resigned from the episcopacy and priesthood. [6]
From 1990 to 2002, the IMBC was assisted by Bishop Robert McKenna, an American sedeprivationist bishop, who had also been consecrated by Des Lauriers in 1987. [7]
On 16 January 2002, McKenna consecrated to the episcopacy Father Geert Stuyver , [8] a Belgian priest and member of the IMBC, who administers to the needs of the institute at present.
The IMBC is currently present in Italy, France, Argentina, Switzerland, Hungary, the Netherlands and Belgium. Mass is irregularly celebrated in Croatia, Romania, Finland, Sweden, and Bulgaria. [9] It celebrates the Tridentine Mass following the missal of Pope Pius V, as amended by Pope Pius X, rejecting the following amendments by Pope Pius XII and Pope John XXIII, without mentioning the Pope's name in it (non una cum). It owns a seminary, named Seminary of Saint Peter the Martyr, and published a magazine called Sodalitium. [6]
The Institute is also connected to three study centers (the Giuseppe Federici Study Center, [10] the Paolo de Töth Study Center [11] and the Davide Albertario Study Center [12] ), whose purpose is the study and defense of Catholic doctrine; to these is added the San Simonino Committee, which aims to restore the public cult of Simon of Trent, suppressed in 1965 by Archbishop Alessandro Maria Gottardi. [13] [ self-published source ]
The IMBC also uses the name Sodalitium Pianum as an alternative name; this was the name of an unofficial group of theologians and others set up in the early twentieth century by priest and church historian Umberto Benigni to report to him those thought to be teaching Modernist doctrines. [14]
Sedevacantism is a traditionalist Catholic movement which holds that since the 1958 death of Pius XII the occupiers of the Holy See are not valid popes due to their espousal of one or more heresies and that, for lack of a valid pope, the See of Rome is vacant. Sedevacantism owes its origins to the rejection of the theological and disciplinary changes implemented following the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965).
Marcel François Marie Joseph Lefebvre was a French Catholic archbishop who greatly influenced modern traditionalist Catholicism. In 1970, five years after the close of the Second Vatican Council, he founded the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX), a community to train seminarians in the traditional manner, in the village of Écône, Switzerland. In 1988, Pope John Paul II declared that Archbishop Lefebvre had "incurred the grave penalty of excommunication envisaged by ecclesiastical law" for consecrating four bishops against the pope's express prohibition but, according to Lefebvre, in reliance on an "agreement given by the Holy See ... for the consecration of one bishop."
Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục was the Archbishop of Huế, Republic of Vietnam, and later a sedevacantist bishop who was excommunicated twice by the Holy See but is believed to have reconciled with the Holy See before his death in 1984.
Traditionalist Catholicism is a movement that emphasizes beliefs, practices, customs, traditions, liturgical forms, devotions and presentations of teaching associated with the Catholic Church before the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). Traditionalist Catholics particularly emphasize the Tridentine Mass, the Roman Rite liturgy largely replaced in general use by the post-Second Vatican Council Mass of Paul VI.
The Society of Saint Pius X is a canonically irregular traditionalist Catholic priestly fraternity founded in 1970 by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre. Lefebvre was a leading traditionalist at the Second Vatican Council with the Coetus Internationalis Patrum and Superior General of the Holy Ghost Fathers until 1968. The society was initially established as a pious union of the Catholic Church with the permission of François Charrière, the Bishop of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg in Switzerland.
The Oath Against Modernism was instituted by Pope Pius X in his motu proprioSacrorum antistitum on September 1, 1910. The oath was required of "all clergy, pastors, confessors, preachers, religious superiors, and professors in philosophical-theological seminaries" of the Catholic Church. It remained in force until the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, with the approval of Paul VI, replaced it with a revised Profession of Faith on July 17, 1967.
Modernism in the Catholic Church describes attempts to reconcile Catholicism with modern culture, specifically an understanding of the Bible and Catholic tradition in light of the historical-critical method and new philosophical and political developments of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Rafael Merry del Val y Zulueta, was a Spanish Catholic bishop, Vatican official, and cardinal.
Ecclesia Dei is the document Pope John Paul II issued on 2 July 1988 in reaction to the Ecône consecrations, in which four priests of the Society of Saint Pius X were ordained as bishops despite an express prohibition by the Holy See. The consecrating bishop and the four priests consecrated were excommunicated. John Paul called for unity and established the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei to foster a dialogue with those associated with the consecrations who hoped to maintain both loyalty to the papacy and their attachment to traditional liturgical forms.
Bernard Fellay is a Swiss bishop who opposes the changes brought about by the Second Vatican Council. Fellay is the former superior general of the Traditionalist Catholic priestly fraternity Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX). In 1988, Pope John Paul II announced that Fellay and three others were automatically excommunicated for being consecrated as bishops by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, an act that the Holy See described as "unlawful" and "schismatic". Archbishop Lefebvre, and Bishop Antônio de Castro Mayer who co-consecrated these four bishops, were also said to be automatically excommunicated. At that time, he was the youngest bishop of the Roman Catholic Church at 30 years old.
The Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei was a commission of the Catholic Church established by Pope John Paul II's motu proprioEcclesia Dei of 2 July 1988 for the care of those former followers of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre who broke with him as a result of his consecration of four priests of his Society of St. Pius X as bishops on 30 June 1988, an act that the Holy See deemed illicit and a schismatic act. It was also tasked with trying to return to full communion with the Holy See those traditionalist Catholics who are in a state of separation, of whom the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) is foremost, and of helping to satisfy just aspirations of people unconnected with these groups who want to keep alive the pre-1970 Roman Rite liturgy.
Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers was a French Dominican theologian and, later in life, a Traditionalist Catholic bishop who supported sedevacantism and sedeprivationism and was excommunicated by the Holy See.
Robert Fidelis McKenna was an American Catholic bishop of the Dominican order. He was known for his traditionalist Catholic positions and was an advocate of sedeprivationism. McKenna was one of the leaders of the Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement (ORCM). He was also known from the Fox TV-movie The Haunted, which is about the Smurl haunting where McKenna conducted two exorcisms.
Sedeprivationism is a doctrinal position within Traditionalist Catholicism which holds that the current occupant of the Holy See is a duly-elected pope, but lacks the authority and ability to teach or to govern unless he recants the changes brought by the Second Vatican Council. The doctrine asserts that since this council, occupants of the See of Peter are popes materialiter sed non formaliter, that is "materially but not formally". As such, sedeprivationists teach that Pope John XXIII, Pope Paul VI, Pope John Paul I, Pope John Paul II, Pope Benedict XVI, and Pope Francis have not attained fullness of the papacy.
Umberto Benigni was a Catholic priest and Church historian, who was born on 30 March 1862 in Perugia, Italy and died on 27 February 1934 in Rome.
The canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX), a group founded in 1970 by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, is unresolved. The Society of Saint Pius X has been the subject of much controversy since 1988, when Bernard Fellay, Bernard Tissier de Mallerais, Richard Williamson and Alfonso de Galarreta were illicitly consecrated as bishops at Ecône, at the International Seminary of Saint Pius X, in violation of canon law. Lefebvre and the four other SSPX bishops individually incurred a disciplinary latae sententiae excommunication for this schismatic act. The excommunications of the four living SSPX bishops were remitted in 2009.
Vitus Huonder was a Swiss prelate of the Catholic Church. A Traditionalist Catholic, he served as Bishop of Chur from 2007 to 2019.
Donald J. Sanborn is an American Traditionalist Catholic bishop who is known for his advocacy of sedeprivationism. He currently serves as the superior general of the sedevacantist Roman Catholic Institute (RCI) and rector of the sedevacantist Most Holy Trinity Seminary in Reading, Pennsylvania, United States.
Davide Pagliarani is an Italian traditionalist Catholic priest of the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) who has served as its superior general since 2018.