| Algidia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Algidia sp, | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Opiliones |
| Family: | Triaenonychidae |
| Genus: | Algidia Hogg, 1920 [1] |
| Species | |
Algidia is a genus in the harvestman family Triaenonychidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and currently includes 7 species and several subspecies.
The genus Algidia was erected by Henry R. Hogg in 1920. [1] The type species is Algidia cuspidata Hogg, 1920. [1] Ray Forster initially considered Algidia to be a synonym of Adaeum [2] but re-established Algidia when he revised the genus in his 1954 monograph on the New Zealand Laniatores. [3]
The genus Algidia contains the following species and subspecies:
Forster's revision includes a key to these taxa. [3] Forster also incorporated this information in a larger key to New Zealand Opiliones published in two parts. [4] [5]
Algidia has a row of prominent tubercles (cone-shaped protuberances) on the forward edge of the carapace. The eyemound (a raised, rounded structure with two eyes) bears several pustules (small, rounded protuberances) or small tubercles and is located a distance of approximately its own width behind the forward edge of the carapace. The dorsal (upper) surface has an open pattern of small pustules. This pattern is more complex in females. The free tergites (the rearmost segments) each have a row of strong tubercles. Pedipalps are larger in males than females. Colouring is typically in shades of brown, often with black markings. Algidia viridata and A. v. bicolor are exceptions as they are predominantly green. [3]
Forster's 1954 revision [3] recorded specimens from Auckland in the northern North Island to Fiordland in the lower South Island. More recent observations [6] have expanded the range to Northland and the Chatham Islands.
Molecular studies using Sanger [7] and ultra conserved element [8] [9] sequencing showed Algidia is part of a clade that includes the majority of New Zealand triaenonychid genera, as well as several genera from Australia, New Caledonia and South America. Algidia appears to have diverged from other genera during the Cretaceous [7] or early Tertiary period. [9] It is most closely related to Prasma and Triregia from New Zealand, and Diaenobunus and Triconobunus from New Caledonia.
Isolachus is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There is one described species in Isolachus, I. spinosus, found in Oregon and Washington.
Paranonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There are at least three described species in Paranonychus.
Erebomaster is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Travuniidae. There are at least three described species in Erebomaster.
Phalangodes is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There is at least one described species in Phalangodes, P. armata.
Undulus is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There is at least one described species in Undulus, U. formosus.
Speleonychia is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There is at least one described species in Speleonychia, S. sengeri. It is found in Washington state.
Cryptomastridae is a family of armoured harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are two genera and four described species in Cryptomastridae, found in Oregon and Idaho.
Arbasus is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There is one described species in Arbasus, A. caecus. It is found in the Pyrenees of southern France.
Buemarinoa is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There is one described species in Buemarinoa, B. patrizii, found in Sardinia, Italy.
Dinaria is a genus of harvestman in the family Travuniidae. There is one described species, Dinaria vjetrenicae. It has been found only in Vjetrenica Cave in southern Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Holoscotolemon is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There are about eight described species in Holoscotolemon, found in Europe.
Izunonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There is one described species in Izunonychus, I. ohruii, endemic to Japan.
Kainonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There is one described species in Kainonychus, K. akamai, endemic to Japan.
Kaolinonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There are about five described species in Kaolinonychus, endemic to South Korea and found primarily in caves.
Metanonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There are eight described species in Metanonychus, found in the northwestern United States.
Nippononychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There is one described species in Nippononychus, N. japonicus, endemic to Japan.
Peltonychia is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There are about nine described species in Peltonychia that are found in Europe.
Speleomaster is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cryptomastridae. There are at least two described species in Speleomaster, both found in lava tubes of the Snake River Plain in southern Idaho.
Metanippononychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There are at least four described species in Metanippononychus.
Algidia chiltoni is species in the genus Algidia in the harvestman family Triaenonychidae. Endemic to New Zealand, the species is found in most of the North Island as far north as Auckland and in the north-western part of the South Island. Carl Fredrich Roewer described this species in 1931 after realising the females in the type material of Algidia cuspidata Hogg, 1923 were a separate species. Ray Forster revised the genus Algidia in 1954, redescribing Algidia chiltoni and describing two new subspecies.