Amastra rubens

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Amastra rubens
Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.MOL.373814 - Amastrella rubens (Gould, 1845) - Amastridae - Mollusc shell.jpeg
Amastra rubens shells
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Amastridae
Genus: Amastra
Species:
A. rubens
Binomial name
Amastra rubens
(Gould, 1845)
Synonyms
  • Achatinella rubensA. Gould, 1845 superseded combination
  • Amastra (Amastrella) rubens(A. Gould, 1845) alternative representation

Amastra rubens is a species of land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the Amastridae family. [2]

Contents

Amastra rubens rubinia - paralectotypes in the Smithsonian Institution Amastra rubens rubinia 001.jpg
Amastra rubens rubinia - paralectotypes in the Smithsonian Institution
Subspecies

Description

The length of the shell attains 19 mm, its diameter 9.1 mm.

The shell is elongate-ovate and robust, with a thick, straw-colored exterior. It is composed of 6⅓ whorls. The apex is chestnut-toned, transitioning to a reddish hue at the anterior end. Comprising six convex whorls, the shell features an impressed suture and is sporadically covered with patches of brown epidermis. The ovate aperture is bordered by a simple lip, thickened internally and tinged with a roseate hue, while the throat is white. The columellar fold is thin, and the shell is imperforate. Although plain in form, the shell is notably distinguished by its coloration, particularly the vibrant tones of the aperture.

The first half-whorl of the shell is smooth, transitioning into extremely fine, sharp, closely spaced, and slightly arcuate longitudinal striae, which persist for the next two whorls. Following this, relatively coarse but low growth wrinkles begin to develop. The embryonic shell comprises nearly three whorls, characterized by a dark brown color, which appears purplish-brown when worn.

Subsequent spire whorls exhibit coarse wrinkles beneath the suture, leaving the remainder of the whorls and the entirety of the body whorl nearly smooth. The upper four or five whorls are reddish-brown, while the final one or two whorls are pale red-brown or whitish. These are covered by a thin, glossy, yellowish or flesh-tinted inner cuticle, which in turn is often overlain by a brown outer layer (ranging from blackish-brown to olivaceous-brown). This outer layer is typically worn off ventrally and may remain well-preserved, exist in shreds, or be almost entirely absent.

The interior of the basal and outer lips is typically rose-colored, though in some instances, it exhibits a bluish-white hue, adding a striking variation to the shell’s appearance.

The animal is dark slate in color and approximately the same length as the shell. Its tentacles are black, while the underside of the foot and the mantle are brown. Highly timid by nature, it resides buried beneath leaves and other decaying vegetation, making it well-adapted to its concealed lifestyle. [3]

Distribution

This species is endemic to Hawaii, occurring on Oahu Island. [1]

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References

  1. 1 2 Cowie, R.H. (1996). "Amastra rubens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1996: e.T987A13100715. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T987A13100715.en . Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. Amastra rubens (A. Gould, 1845) . 26 December 2024. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species .
  3. Hyatt, A. & Pilsbry, H. A. (1910–1911). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 21: Achatinellidae (Amastrinae). Philadelphia: Conchological Department, Academy of Natural Sciences. p. 192. Retrieved 26 December 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .