Amolops cremnobatus

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Amolops cremnobatus
Amolops cremnobatus.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Ranidae
Genus: Amolops
Species:
A. cremnobatus
Binomial name
Amolops cremnobatus
Inger and Kottelat, 1998 [2]

Amolops cremnobatus is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae. It is found in north-central Laos and Vietnam. [1] [3] Its range might extend into Thailand. [1] The specific name cremnobatus is derived from Greek kremnobates, meaning "frequenter of steep places", and refers to the steep waterfall from which the type series were collected. [2] Common name Lao sucker frog has been coined for it. [3] Another common name is the Lao torrent frog and it has been suggested that it should change to Inger’s Lao torrent frog because new species have been described from Amolops cremnobatus and will therefore avoid confusion. [4]

Contents

Description

The type series consists of two adult males measuring 32 and 34 mm (1.26 and 1.34 in) in snout–vent length. The overall appearance is slender, with the head wider than the body. The snout is short and almost truncate. The tympanum is distinct. The fingers are short but bear very wide discs; the medial edges of second and third fingers have distinct skin folds. The toes bear somewhat smaller discs and are fully webbed. Preserved specimens are dorsally and laterally black and have irregular, small, light markings that are yellowish brown in life. The dorsolateral folds are marked by series of short, light bars. The limbs bear wide, black crossbars. The ventral surfaces are white, sometimes with weak, black suffusion. [2]

The tadpoles are dorsally and laterally black and ventrally white. Body length is up to 20 mm (0.8 in) and total length up to 51 mm (2.0 in). [2]

Habitat and conservation

Amolops cremnobatus is closely associated with fast-flowing, rocky streams and cascades in evergreen forest at elevations of 200–1,352 m (656–4,436 ft) above sea level. The eggs are adhesive and deposited in clutches on wet vertical rock faces within the splash zone of cascades. The tadpoles live clinged to and climbing on the same rock faces. [1]

Although Amolops cremnobatus can live in slightly disturbed forest, it is likely to suffer from changes in hydrological conditions (e.g., damming), habitat loss caused by logging, conversion to agriculture, and the development of infrastructure. It is also collected for food. It is known from a number of protected areas: Pù Mát National Park as well as Pu Hoat and Pu Hu Nature Reserves in Vietnam, and Nakai–Nam Theun National Biodiversity Conservation Area in Laos. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Amolops</i> Genus of amphibians

Amolops is a genus of true frogs native mainly to eastern and south-eastern Asia. These frogs are closely related to such genera as Huia, Meristogenys, Odorrana, Pelophylax and Rana, but still form a distinct lineage among the core radiation of true frogs. They are commonly known as "torrent frogs" after their favorite habitat - small rapid-flowing mountain and hill streams - but this name is used for many similar-looking frogs regardless of whether they are loosely related.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hong Kong cascade frog</span> Species of amphibian

Hong Kong cascade frog or Hong Kong torrent frog is a species of true frog from southern coastal China, once thought to be endemic to Hong Kong. Their eggs are laid on rock faces in the splash zones of cascades. In Hong Kong, it is a protected species under Wild Animals Protection Ordinance Cap 170.

Amolops monticola is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, the "true frogs". It is found in the Northeast India, eastern Nepal, and western China, although there is some uncertainty regarding the Chinese records. It probably also occurs in the intervening Bhutan. Common names mountain sucker frog, mountain stream frog, mountain torrent frog, and mountain cascade frog have been coined for it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hose's frog</span> Species of amphibian

Hose's frog is a true frog species with a wide range in Southeast Asia. This species was named after zoologist Charles Hose.

<i>Amolops larutensis</i> Species of frog

Amolops larutensis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae that is found in the Malay Peninsula from southernmost Thailand to Malaysia; records further north probably represent A. panhai.

<i>Amolops ricketti</i> Species of frog

Amolops ricketti is a species of frog in the family Ranidae that is found in southern and eastern China and northern and central montane Vietnam.

<i>Amolops spinapectoralis</i> Species of frog

Amolops spinapectoralis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, the "true frogs". It is at present only known from a few locations in central Vietnam—that is, it is endemic to Vietnam—but it is likely to be found more widely in the Vietnamese Central Highlands as well as in the adjacent southeastern Laos and northeastern Cambodia. The specific name spinapectoralis is derived from Latin spina for "thorn" and pectoralis for "of the breast" and refers to the pectoral spines in adult males. Common name spinyback torrent frog has been coined for it.

<i>Amolops torrentis</i> Species of frog

Amolops torrentis, commonly known as the torrent sucker frog or the little torrent frog is a species of frog in the family Ranidae and genus Amolops that is endemic to China, specifically only on the island of Hainan. They are most likely to be found in streams and surrounding wetland areas. Males have high-pitched mating calls, which are favored by females. Glands on this species' skin can secrete toxins. This species suffers from parasitism and habitat loss. Currently it is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN and is protected by law in China.

Amolops mengyangensis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is known with certainty only from its type locality, the eponymous Mengyang in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, southern Yunnan province of China. However, if Amolops daorum is its junior synonym, distribution of Amolops mengyangensis would be considerably wider, including the vicinity of Sa Pa in northern Vietnam near the Chinese border, Hong Kong, and Houaphanh Province in eastern Laos, and presumably also including the intervening areas.

Meristogenys macrophthalmus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Sarawak in northern Borneo (Malaysia) and is only known from its type locality in the Bintulu District. The specific name macrophthalmus is derived from the Greek words macros (="large") and ophthalmos (="eye") and refers to the large eyes of this frog. Common names Matsui's Borneo frog, large-eyed torrent frog, and big-eyed torrent frog have been coined for it.

Meristogenys phaeomerus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Borneo and known from central Sarawak (Malaysia) and adjacent Kalimantan (Indonesia). The specific name phaeomerus is derived from the Greek phaios for "dusky" and meros for "thigh", in reference to the appearance of the rear of the thigh. Common names Kapit Borneo frog and Kapit torrent frog have been coined for it.

Meristogenys poecilus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Borneo and known from between central Sarawak (Malaysia) and central Kalimantan (Indonesia). The specific name poecilus is derived from the Greek poikolos, meaning "pied" or "blotched", in reference to diagnostic pattern on rear of the thigh. Common name Malaysian Borneo frog has been coined for this species.

Amolops daorum is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is known from its type locality in the vicinity of Sa Pa in northern Vietnam near the Chinese border, Hong Kong, and Houaphanh Province in eastern Laos; presumably it also occurs the intervening areas. The Hong Kong record is considered suspicious, however.

Kachin torrent frog is a species of true frog native to Myanmar.

<i>Amolops attiguus</i> Species of frog

Amolops attiguus, the similar Lao torrent frog, is a species of true frog found in eastern Bolikhamxay Province and Xieng Khouang Province, Laos.

<i>Amolops tanfuilianae</i> Species of frog

Amolops tanfuilianae, or Fui Lian's Lao torrent frog, is a species of true frog found in Laos and Northern Vietnam.

<i>Amolops kottelati</i> Species of amphibian

Amolops kottelati, or Kottelat's Lao torrent frog, is a species of true frog that is found in Laos.

<i>Amolops sengae</i> Species of frog

Amolops sengae, or Seng's Lao torrent frog, is a species of true frog found in Laos.

Amolops gerutu, the tuberculated torrent frog, is a species of true frog found in Peninsular Malaysia.

The Shuicheng torrent frog is a species of true frog from China.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2016). "Amolops cremnobatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T29435A88161090. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T29435A88161090.en . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Inger, Robert F. & Kottelat, Maurice (1998). "A new species of ranid frog from Laos". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 46 (1): 29–34.
  3. 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Amolops cremnobatus Inger and Kottelat, 1998". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  4. ↑ Sheridan, Jennifer A.; Phimmachak, Somphouthone; Sivongxay, Niane; Stuart, Bryan L. (2023-10-04). "Systematics of the Lao torrent frog, Amolops cremnobatus Inger & Kottelat, 1998 (Anura: Ranidae), with descriptions of four new species". Vertebrate Zoology. 73: 931–956. doi: 10.3897/vz.73.e102475 . ISSN   2625-8498.
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