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The Tricholomataceae are a large family of mushrooms within the Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae.
The Agaricomycetes are a class of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. The taxon is roughly identical to that defined for the Homobasidiomycetes by Hibbett & Thorn, with the inclusion of Auriculariales and Sebacinales. It includes not only mushroom-forming fungi, but also most species placed in the deprecated taxa Gasteromycetes and Homobasidiomycetes. Within the subdivision Agaricomycotina, which already excludes the smut and rust fungi, the Agaricomycetes can be further defined by the exclusion of the classes Tremellomycetes and Dacrymycetes, which are generally considered to be jelly fungi. However, a few former "jelly fungi", such as Auricularia, are classified in the Agaricomycetes. According to a 2008 estimate, Agaricomycetes include 17 orders, 100 families, 1147 genera, and about 21000 species. Modern molecular phylogenetic analyses have been since used to help define several new orders in the Agaricomycetes: Amylocorticiales, Jaapiales, Stereopsidales, and Lepidostromatales.
Atheliaceae is a family of corticioid fungi placed under the monotypic order Atheliales. Both the order and the family were described by Walter Jülich in 1981. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 20 genera and approximately 100 species. However, many genera formerly considered to belong in the Atheliaceae have since been moved to other families, including Amylocorticiaceae, Albatrellaceae, and Hygrophoraceae. Despite being a relatively small group with inconspicuous forms, Atheliaceae members show great diversity in life strategies and are widespread in distribution. Additionally, being a group strictly composed of corticioid fungi, they may also provide insights on the evolution of fruiting body forms in basidiomycetes.
Anomoporia is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Czech mycologist Zdeněk Pouzar in 1966.
Ceraceomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 16 species.
Anomoloma is a genus of crust fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologists Tuomo Niemelä and Karl-Henrik Larsson in 2007. The generic name is derived from the Greek anomos, meaning "lawless", which in this context alludes to the irregular rhizomorphic outline, and loma, meaning margin or edge.
Jaapia is a genus in the monotypic family Jaapiaceae and order Jaapiales. The order was first described in 2010. Jaapia is a genus of resupinate species that were until then classified in the order Boletales. Molecular phylogenetics analysis showed it to be a sister group to the rest of the Agaricomycetidae.
Athelia is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Atheliaceae. Some species are facultative parasites of plants and of lichens. The widespread genus contains 28 species. However, Athelia rolfsii was found to belong in the Amylocorticiales in a molecular phylogenetics study, but has yet not been renamed.
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium and subsequently to the family Corticiaceae, but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers and other texts.
Serpulomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Serpulomyces borealis, found in Europe. Serpulomyces was described by Ivan Zmitrovich in 2002.
Podoserpula is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus contains two species: the type, P. pusio, commonly known as the pagoda fungus, and the "Barbie pagoda", P. miranda, officially published in 2013. Podoserpula species produce fruit bodies consisting of up to a dozen caps arranged in overlapping shelves, attached to a central axis. Its unique shape is not known to exist in any other fungi. Four varieties of P. pusio are known, which differ in their sizes, spore morphology, and distribution. The genus is known to occur in Australia and New Zealand, Venezuela, Madagascar, and New Caledonia.
Irpicodon is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Irpicodon pendulus, found in Europe.
Amylocorticium is a genus of resupinate (crust-like) fungi in the Amylocorticiaceae family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 11 species.
Amylocorticiellum is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains four species.
Amyloathelia is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus contains three species distributed in Europe and South America.
Amylocorticiales is an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order was circumscribed in 2010 to contain mostly resupinate (crust-like) forms that have been referred to genera Anomoporia, Amyloathelia, Amylocorticiellum, Amylocorticium, Amyloxenasma, Anomoloma, Athelia, Athelopsis, Ceraceomyces, Hypochniciellum, Leptosporomyces and Serpulomyces.
Plicaturopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by English mycologist Derek Reid in 1964.
Athelopsis is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The widespread genus, estimated to contain 10 species, is polyphyletic as currently circumscribed.
Hypochniciellum is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. Species in the genus have white to cream-colored, resupinate fruit bodies. The hypha have clamp connections. The spores are roughly elliptical, yellowish, and smooth.
Leptosporomyces is a genus of resupinate (crust-like) fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and contains 11 species.
References
- ↑ Binder M, Larsson K-H, Matheny PB, Hibbett DS (2010). "Amylocorticiales ord. nov. and Jaapiales ord. nov.: Early diverging clades of Agaricomycetidae dominated by corticioid forms". Mycologia . 102 (4): 865–80. doi:10.3852/09-288. PMID 20648753.
- ↑ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ↑ Duhem B, Schultheiss B (2012). "Amyloxenasma elongatissimum sp. nov". Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France (in French). 127 (1–2): 107–15.
