Argyrosomus hololepidotus

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Argyrosomus hololepidotus
Argyrosomus hololepidotus.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Sciaenidae
Genus: Argyrosomus
Species:
A. hololepidotus
Binomial name
Argyrosomus hololepidotus
(Lacépède, 1801)
Synonyms
  • Labrus hololepidotus Lacépède, 1801
  • Johnius hololepidotus (Lacépède, 1801)
  • Pseudosciaena hololepidota (Lacépède, 1801)
  • Sciaena hololepidota (Lacépède, 1801)

Argyrosomus hololepidotus, also known as the Madagascar meagre or southern meagre, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The species is endemic to Madagascar and the Indian Ocean. [2] [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

Argyrosomus hololepidotus was first formally described as Labrus hololepidotus in 1801 by the French naturalist Bernard Germain de Lacépède with its type locality given as "Grand Océan équatorial", considered to be Fort Dauphin in southeastern Madagascar. [4] This species was thought by some authorities to be a synonym of A. japonicus but in 1995 two new species, A. coronus and A. inodorus , were described from off Southern Africa, which had all been thought to be conspecific with A. japonicus. The identity of this species was also confirmed in this paper and neotypes were designated for this species and A. japonicus. [5] This fish belongs to the family Sciaenidae in the order Acanthuriformes. [6] The specific name, hololepidotus, was not explained by Lacépède but it possibly reflects his comment that the scales on the head and operculum aresimilar to the scales on the back. [7]

Description

Argyrosomus hololepidotus has 11 spines in its dorsal fin with 10 in front of the incision which almost divides that fin and 1 behind it along with between 25 and 29 soft rays. The anal fin is supported by 2 spines and 7 soft rays. The standard length is 3.7 to 3.8 times the body's depth. The fold in the axillary of the pectoral fin is naked and the part of the lateral line near the head is moderately curved. Both sexes have drumming muscles. The colour of the body is silvery grey darkening on the upper body to bluish with a bronze sheen on the sides and back and a white breast and belly. The pelvic fins and anal fin are off white, with a grey streak while the dorsal, pectoral and caudal fins are brownish grey. [8] This species has a maximum published total length of 200 cm (79 in), although 100 cm (39 in) is more typical, and a maximum published weight of 71 kg (157 lb). [2]

Distribution and habitat

Argyrosomus hololepidotus is considered to be endemic to the waters off eastern Madagascar, where it is most numerous in the southeast. Reports from the west coast of Madagascar require confirmation and records from the southern African coast are thought to refer to congeners. [1] They occur in the lower reaches of rivers, estuaries, on rocky reefs, off ocean beaches and on the continental shelf as deep as 150 m (490 ft). [2]

Biology

Argyrosomus hololepidotus feeds mostly nocturnally or in turbid waters. Its prey includes cuttlefish, fishes, crabs, prawns and polychaetes. They can live for up to 39 years. [2]

Fisheries

Argyrosomus hololepidotus is targeted by artisanal fishermen with dugout canoes and handlines at depths between 20 and 40 m (66 and 131 ft) and in estuaries with nets. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sciaenidae</span> Family of fishes

Sciaenidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Acanthuriformes. They are commonly called drums or croakers in reference to the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds they make. The family consists of about 293 to 298 species in about 66 or 67 genera.

<i>Argyrosomus regius</i> Species of fish

Argyrosomus regius, also known as the meagre, croaker, jewfish, shade-fish, sowa, kir, corvina, salmon-bass or stone bass, is a species of fish of the family Sciaenidae. This large fish has a pearly-silver to brownish coloration and a yellow-coloured mouth. It is native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Mediterranean and Black Seas.

<i>Argyrosomus</i> Genus of fishes in the drum family, Sciaenidae

Argyrosomus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums. The fish in this genus are large and are commonly targeted as game fish.

<i>Pogonias</i> Genus of fishes

Pogonias is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Sciaenidae. It was formerly believed to be a monotypic genus only containing the black drum, but a second species was re-described in 2019.

The striped croaker, also known as the St Lucian corvina, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.

<i>Nebris</i> Genus of fishes

Nebris is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. There are two species in the genus, one in the Western Atlantic Ocean and one in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Bairdiella</i> Genus of fishes

Bairdiella is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blackspotted croaker</span> Species of fish

The blackspotted croaker, also known in Australia as the black jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Protonibea.

<i>Otolithes ruber</i> Species of fish

Otolithes ruber, commonly known as the tigertooth croaker, silver teraglin, wiretooth, snapper kob, snapper salmon or Yankee salmon is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Johnius amblycephalus</i> Species of fish

Johnius amblycephalus, the bearded croaker, also known as the green-backed croaker or sharp-nosed jewfish, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reeve's croaker</span> Species of fish

Reeve's croaker, also known as the goldbelly croaker, golden corvina, yellowfin croaker or yellowfin corvina, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific region. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Chrysochir.

<i>Atractoscion</i> Genus of fishes

Atractoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fished belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The fishes in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Argyrosomus inodorus</i> Silver kob, a fish in the drum family Sciaenidae

Argyrosomus inodorus, the mild meagre or silver kob, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The species is found off southern Africa where it is an important target species for hook and line fisheries.

<i>Nibea</i> Genus of fishes

Nibea is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The species in this genus are found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geelbeck croaker</span>

The geelbeck croaker, also known as the African weakfish or Cape salmon, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the southwestern Indian Ocean off southeastern Africa.

<i>Johnius dussumieri</i> Species of fish

Johnius dussumieri, the sin croaker, Dussumier's croaker, Dussumier's silver jewfish, sharptooth hammer croaker or whiskered croaker, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Johnius carutta</i>

Johnius carutta, the karut croaker or purple jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kathala croaker</span>

The kathala croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the Indian Ocean off South Asia. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Kathala.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuja bola</span>

The cuja bola is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the northern Indian Ocean in India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Macrospinosa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Half-mourning croaker</span>

The half-mourning croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Paranibea. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Fennessy, S. & Heemstra, P. (2020). "Argyrosomus hololepidotus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T63570A130098475. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T63570A130098475.en . Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Argyrosomus hololepidotus" in FishBase . February 2023 version.
  3. ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Argyrosomus hololepidotus (Lacepède, 1801)". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2022-09-07.
  4. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Argyrosomus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  5. ↑ Griffiths, Marc H.; Heemstra, Phillip C. (1995). "A contribution to the taxonomy of the marine fish genus Argyrosomus (Perciformes: Sciaenidae), with descriptions of two new species from southern Africa". Ichthyological Bulletin J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa (65). hdl:10962/d1019891.
  6. ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2023-04-18.
  7. ↑ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  8. ↑ Kunio Sasaki (2022). "Family Sciaenidae, Croakers, drums and kob". In P.C. Heemstra; et al. (eds.). Coastal fishes of the western Indian Ocean. Volume 3 (PDF). South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 389–414. ISBN   978-1-990951-30-5.
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