Arroyo Seco AVA

Last updated

Arroyo Seco
Wine region
TTB Map Arroyo Seco AVA.png
Type American Viticultural Area
Year established1983 [1]
2006 Amended [2]
2019 Amended [3]
2021 Amended [4]
Years of wine industry62 [1]
CountryUnited States
Part of California, Central Coast AVA, Monterey County, Monterey AVA
Other regions in California, Central Coast AVA, Monterey County, Monterey AVA Hames Valley AVA, San Bernabe AVA, San Lucas AVA, Santa Lucia Highlands AVA
Growing season245 days [5]
Climate region Region II-III [5]
Heat units 1875-2250 GDD [5]
Precipitation (annual average)9.5 in (240 mm) [5]
Soil conditionsMocho, Lockwood, Arroyo Seco, Rincon, Elder and Chular series. Coarse sandy loams
Total area1983: 18,240.0 acres (28.5 sq mi) [1]
2006: 18,040 acres (28 sq mi) [2]
2019: 18,130 acres (28 sq mi) [3]
2021: 17,982 acres (28 sq mi) [4]
Size of planted vineyards1983: 8,500 acres (3,440 ha) [5]
2024: 7,000 acres (2,833 ha) [6]
No. of vineyards32 [6]
Grapes produced Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Gewurztraminer, Grenache, Merlot, Mourvedre, Muscat Canelli, Orange Muscat, Pinot blanc, Pinot gris, Pinot noir, Riesling, Sangiovese, Sauvignon blanc, Syrah, Tempranillo/Valdepenas, Vermentino, Viognier, Zinfandel [7]
No. of wineries1983: 2 [1]
2024: 10 [7]

Arroyo Seco is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) in Monterey County, California, southeast of Monterey Bay. The state's 15th appellation was established on May 16,1983 by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by the Arroyo Seco Winegrowers and Vintners, an association composed of grape growers and vintners with vineyards, to establish a viticultural area within Monterey County known as "Arroyo Seco." [1] [8] [9]

Contents

Arroyo Seco is a triangular shaped area adjacent to the Arroyo Seco Creek which flows into the Salinas River near Soledad. The appellation encompassed 28.5 square miles (18,240.0 acres) in the Salinas Valley with about 8,500 acres (3,440 ha) of cultivation and two bonded wineries. Its proximity to the Pacific Ocean produces the maritime climate, and is best suited for those cool climate grape varieties. [8]

In 2019, the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury expanded Arroyo Seco by 90 acres (36 ha), however in 2021, TTB ruled on a modification of the shared boundary between Santa Lucia Highlands and Arroyo Seco AVAs. The boundary modification transferred 148 acres (60 ha) of foothills terrain from the west side of the Arroyo Seco to the southeastern area of the Santa Lucia Highlands. One vineyard containing approximately 135 acres (55 ha) was affected by the realignment, and the vineyard owner included a letter of support in the petition. The modification reduced Arroyo Seco AVA by less than 1 percent and did not affect the boundaries of the Monterey or the Central Coast AVAs. [4]

History

Arroyo Seco is the name historically given to a Spanish land grant and rancho existing on the banks of the Arroyo Seco Creek. The name arroyo seco meaning "dry stream" in Spanish has been used continually through the years in conjuction with the river and rancho however, its link to a viticultural area is relatively recent as stated in the petition. The Arroyo Seco area was identified as a grape growing region by the Winkler-Amerine report in 1935. However, the area's history of viticulture actually did not occur until 1962 when vines were planted by Mirassou Sales, a San Jose winery. In 1963, Wente Brothers of Livermore, California, planted wine grapes along the Arroyo Seco Creek which were known as Wente's Arroyo Seco Vineyards. Since 1963, many vineyards were established in the region and Arroyo Seco has been referenced in numerous magazines, newspapers and wine publications describing vintages sourced here. [1]

Terroir

Arroyo Seco Vineyards J. Lohr Arroyo Seco Vineyard Rows.jpg
Arroyo Seco Vineyards

Topography

Arroyo Seco's topography distinguishes it from the surrounding areas consisting of sloping benchland surrounding the Arroyo Seco Creek. The highest elevations of over 600 feet (183 m) occur to the west on the Sierra de Salinas, foothills of the Santa Lucia Mountains. A ridgeline of between 300 and 500 feet (91 and 152 m) in elevation separates Arroyo Seco from areas immediately to the south. From these elevations, the area slopes gradually downward to the lowest points of 180 feet (55 m) elevation on the north along the Arroyo Seco Creek, and 220 feet (67 m) elevation on the west along the Salinas River. It is this sloping benchland high above the Salinas River which provides adequate drainage and freedom from frost for area vineyards. [1]

Climate

The climate of the Arroyo Seco area is unique in amount of rainfall, temperature range, and the variability of the winds. The major climatic influences are the Pacific Ocean and Monterey Bay. To the west, the Santa Lucas Mountains block damaging Pacific rains from the area. Winds off Monterey Bay, however, blow down the Salinas River, cooling the valley and providing a moderate climate. The cooling effects of the wind make the northern Salinas Valley quite cold. Gonzales is classified as Region I on the scale developed by Winkler and Amerine to measure degree days, with 350 degree days. In the Arroyo Seco area, the climate is considered Region II. Soledad, to the immediate north, registers 2880 degree days while Wente's Arroyo Seco Vineyards average between 1875 and 2250 degree days. The cooling effect of the wind diminishes further south. King City averages 3150 degree days, placing it in Region III while San Miguel is classified as Region IV. The growing season is approximately 245 days. Rainfall is sparse in the Arroyo Seco viticultural area. Soledad averages just 9.5 inches per year, less than received to the north where Salinas averages 13.7 inches and Gonzales 12.3 inches per year. Because of the sparse rainfall, all vineyards within the Arroyo Seco region irrigate, using water from Arroyo Seco Creek rather than from the Salinas River. [1]

Arroyo Seco Chardonnay Arroyo Seco Chard.jpg
Arroyo Seco Chardonnay

Soil

The soils in the Arroyo Seco area consist of a series of gravelly and fine sandy loams well suited to the cultivation of grapes. The proposed viticultural area consists of an alluvial fan formed by well drained soils with slopes ranging from 0 to 9 percent. Principal soil series include Mocho, Lockwood, Arroyo Seco, Rincon, Elder and Chular. The prominent soils, Chular and Arroyo Seco, are coarse sandy loams derived from decomposed granite washed down from the Gabilan Mountains. These soils are gravelly and low in lime content similar to the vinyards in the Medoc and Graves districts of Bordeaux, and to the better vineyards in the Palatinate. The boundaries of the proposed Arroyo Seco viticultural area are based on a combination of climate, physical features, soils and irrigation sources. The proposed boundaries and the appropriate U.S.G.S. maps are fully described in the. regulatory language. ATF notes that it has received a petition for an adjacent viticultural area immediately south of the proposed Arroyo Seco area. [1]

Viticulture

Arroyo Seco AVA has celebrated four decades of viticulture and innovative wine-making showcasing varietals such as its Chardonnay, Riesling and Pinot Noir with newer vintages like the Musqué clone of Sauvignon Blanc. As one of California's early pioneer AVAs, Arroyo Seco winegrowers, vintners, and landowners had the desire and knowledge to grow the AVA using science, geology, hydrology, and microclimate data contributing to the state's international standing as a primer viticulture producer. Today, the region hosts a blend of large wineries, many of which have been here for 40 years or longer, and many small and prestigious wineries that source its distinctive fruit throughout California. The Arroyo Seco Winegrowers Association provides advocacy, marketing and support services to its winery and winegrower members by educating consumers, media and trade audiences on the distinct characteristics of Arroyo Seco. As the third oldest AVA in Monterey County, it helped establish the county's historic reputation has a popular destination for American viticulture. [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chalone AVA</span> Appelation that designates wine in Monterey County, CA

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Lucia Highlands AVA</span> Appelation that designates wine in Monterey County, CA

Santa Lucia Highlands is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in central Monterey County, California and lies within the boundaries of the larger, elongated Monterey viticultural area. It was recognized by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms {ATF}, Treasury on June 15, 1992 after reviewing the petition from Mr. Barry Jackson of the Harmony Wine Company proposing a viticultural area to be known as "Santa Lucia Highlands."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sta. Rita Hills AVA</span> Winemaking region in California, United States

Sta. Rita Hills is an American Viticultural Area located in Santa Barbara County, California. From its creation in 2001 through 2006, the wine appellation was officially named Santa Rita Hills AVA. The formal name change was the result of a protest by and subsequent negotiations with Vina Santa Rita, a very large Chilean wine producer that was concerned about the AVA name diluting its international brand value. The name change took effect on January 5, 2006, with a yearlong period for producers in the AVA to change their wine labels. In 2016, TTB expanded the approximately 33,380 acres (52 sq mi) “Sta. Rita Hills” viticultural area by approximately 2,296 acres (4 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Ynez Valley AVA</span> Wine region in Santa Barbara, California, United States

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Barbara County wine</span> Wine region in California, US

Santa Barbara County wine is an appellation that designates wine made from grapes grown mostly in Santa Barbara County, California which is located approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of Los Angeles County. County names in the United States automatically qualify as legal appellations of origin for wine produced from grapes grown in that county and do not require registration with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) of the Treasury Department. TTB was created in January 2003, when the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, or ATF, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Luis Obispo County wine</span> Appelation that designates wine in San Luis Obispo County, CA

San Luis Obispo (SLO) County wine is a appellation that designates wine made from grapes grown in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County, California which is sandwiched between Santa Barbara County to the south and Monterey County at the northern boundary on the Pacific coast. Its location sits halfway between the cities of San Francisco and Los Angeles on the north–south axis of U.S. Route 101 and Pacific Coast Highway (PCH). The county lies entirely within the Central Coast viticultural area. County names in the United States automatically qualify as legal appellations of origin for wine produced from grapes grown in that county and do not require registration with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) of the Treasury Department. TTB was created in January of 2003, when the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, or ATF, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monterey County wine</span> Appelation that designates wine in Monterey County, CA

Monterey County wine is a appellation that designates wine made from grapes grown in Monterey County, California which lies entirely within the expansive multi-county Central Coast viticultural area. County names in the United States automatically qualify as legal appellations of origin for wine produced from grapes grown in that county and do not require registration with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB). TTB was created in January 2003, when the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, or ATF, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gabilan Mountains AVA</span> Appelation that designates wine in Monterey County, CA

Gabilan Mountains is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in the mountainous region on the border in Monterey and San Benito Counties in California. It is the tenth and newest AVA established in Monterey County by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) on September 14, 2022, becoming the state's 147th official AVA after the TTB reviewed the petition from Parker Allen of Coastview Vineyards, proposing to establish the "Gabilan Mountains" viticultural area. Gabilan Mountains encompasses about 98,000 acres (153 sq mi) including the established Mt. Harlan and Chalone AVAs, and resident to 4 wineries and 6 commercial vineyards cultivating approximately 436 acres (176 ha). The average elevation within the region is 2,370 feet (722 m) placing it above the heavy fog and marine layer. As a result, Gabilan Mountains AVA has a cool air climate without the humidity from the fog and low-lying clouds.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Arroyo Seco Viticultural Area" (27 CFR 9 [T.O. ATF-131; Reference Notice No. 431] Final Rule). Federal Register. 48 (74). Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury: 16842–16847. April 15, 1983.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. 1 2 "Realignment of the Santa Lucia Highlands and Arroyo Seco Viticultural Areas (2003R–083P)" (27 CFR Part 9 [T.D. TTB–49; Re: Notices No. 29 and 35] RIN 1513–AA72 Final Rule). Federal Register. 71 (115). Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury: 34525–34527. June 15, 2006.
  3. 1 2 "T.D. TTB-153: Expansion of the Arroyo Seco Viticultural Area" (§ 9.59 Arroyo Seco, Rules and Regulations). Federal Register. 83 (240). Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury: 64274-64276. December 14, 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 "Modification of the Boundaries of the Santa Lucia Highlands and Arroyo Seco Viticultural Areas" (27 CFR Part 9 [Docket No. TTB–2020–0007; T.D. TTB–172; Ref: Notice No. 192] RIN 1513–AC55). Federal Register. 86 (162). Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Treasury: 47377–47380. August 25, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 17, 2023.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Arroyo Seco Viticultural Area; Proposed Establishment" (27 CFR Part 9 [Notice No.431] Proposed Rules). Federal Register. 47 (213). Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury: 49860–49863. November 3, 1982.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. 1 2 "Monterey Wine Country" (AVAS). Monterey County Vintners and Growers Association. 2024.
  7. 1 2 "Arroyo Seco (AVA): Appellation Profile". Appellation America. 2007. Archived from the original on May 10, 2009.
  8. 1 2 "Petition for Establishment of Arroyo Seco American Viticultural Area". TTB.gov. Arroyo Seco Winegrowers and Vintners. November 1, 1981.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  9. 1 2 "The Arroyo Seco AVA Celebrates 40 Years of Viticulture History and Innovation" (Press Release). Wine Industry Advisor. Greenfield, CA. June 12, 2023.

36°17′33″N121°17′23″W / 36.29247856°N 121.28978102°W / 36.29247856; -121.28978102

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