 | |
| Monastery information | |
|---|---|
| Order | Benedictine |
| Established | 888 |
| Disestablished | 1540 |
| People | |
| Founder(s) | King Alfred |
| Site | |
| Location | Athelney, Somerset, England |
| Grid reference | ST346293 |
Athelney Abbey, established in the county of Somerset, England, was founded by King Alfred in 888, as a religious house for monks of the Order of St. Benedict. It was dedicated to "Our Blessed Saviour, St. Peter, St. Paul, and St. Egelwine".
Originally Athelney was a small island in swampland, in what is now the parish of East Lyng, covered with alders and infested by wild animals. It was inaccessible except by boat, according to William of Malmesbury. Here Alfred the Great found a refuge from the Danes; here he built the abbey. [1] The dedication to St. Æthelwine suggests that it may have been an enlargement of a hermitage or monastery already in existence. [2] He peopled it with foreign monks, drawn chiefly from France, with John the Old Saxon (known as Scotus) as their abbot. The original church was a small structure, consisting of four piers supporting the main fabric and surrounded by four circular chancels. The original charter from Alfred still exists. [3]
From the 11th century up to the time of its dissolution the monks of Glastonbury Abbey attempted to annex it or have it placed under the Glastonbury jurisdiction. The abbey also appears in the Domesday book, [4] and the Taxatio of 1291. In 1267, Henry III granted the abbey a weekly market on Mondays. [5] However, it was not a rich community. An indulgence of thirty days was given in 1321 for those who should assist in the rebuilding of the church, and the monks humbly petitioned Edward I of England to remit corrody for which they were unable to find the means of payment. The last abbot was Robert Hamlyn. With eight monks of his community, he surrendered February 8, 1540, receiving a pension of £50 per annum and retaining his prebend of Long Sutton. The revenues (26 Hen. VII) were £209. 0s. 3/4 d. Both the 1267 charter of Henry III, [5] and latter Henry VII also still exist.
List of the known abbots include: [6] [7]
Following the dissolution it was acquired for use as a private residence by Lord Audley who had the church demolished. Audley's plans never eventuated and records show that on 17 August 1544 [6] [33] Audley sold the abbey to John Clayton, for £182 15s. and in April 1545 [34] Clayton obtained a licence to sell it to John Tynbere. In 1674 further demolition work occurred by labourers of the then landowner, Captain John Hucker. In this work, excavations dug-up the bases of the pillars of the church and also revealed graves, one being 8-foot in length. [35]
With the church demolished and other buildings fallen into disrepair, nothing visible remains at the site today. [36] Several geophysical surveys have been carried out to explore the remains which still exist below ground level. [37] Today the site of the Abbey is marked by King Alfred's Monument which is a Grade II listed building, [38] and Scheduled Ancient Monument. [39] The monument was built in 1801 by Sir John Slade of Maunsel House, who owned Athelney farm. [40]
The inscription on the monument reads as follows:
KING ALFRED THE GREAT
IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD 879,
HAVING BEEN DEFEATED BY
THE DANES, FLED FOR REFUGE
TO THE FOREST OF ATHELNEY
WHERE HE LAY CONCEALED
FROM HIS ENEMIES FOR THE
SPACE OF A WHOLE YEAR.
HE SOON AFTER REGAINED
POSSESSION OF HIS THRONE
& IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE
OF THE PROTECTION HE HAD
RECEIVED UNDER THE FAVOUR
OF HEAVEN, ERECTED A
MONASTERY ON THIS SPOT, &
ENDOWED IT WITH ALL THE
LANDS CONTAINED IN THE
ISLE OF ATHELNEY.
TO PERPETUATE THE MEMORIAL
OF SO REMARKABLE AN
INCIDENT IN THE LIFE OF
THAT ILLUSTRIOUS PRINCE.
THIS EDIFICE WAS FOUNDED
BY SIR JOHN SLADE ESQ OF
MANSEL, THE PROPRIETOR OF
ATHELNEY & LORD OF THE
MANOR OF NORTH PETHERTON.
AD 1801
[41]
Athelney is a village located between the villages of Burrowbridge and East Lyng in the Sedgemoor district of Somerset, England. The name is believed to be derived from the Old English æþeling meaning "prince" + -ey meaning "isle". The village is best known for once being the fortress hiding place of King Alfred the Great, from where he went on to defeat the Great Heathen Army at the Battle of Edington in May 878.
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "The Abbey of Athelney". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. The entry cites: 