Babi dynasty

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Coat of arms of Radhanpur State, one of the princely states ruled by the Babi dynasty in British India. Radhanpur State-CoA392.jpg
Coat of arms of Radhanpur State, one of the princely states ruled by the Babi dynasty in British India.

The Babi dynasty [1] was a Afghan dynasty that formed the ruling royal houses of British India's princely states. [2] The Babai community, originally of Afghan descent, largely resides in India and some parts of Pakistan. [3] The community traces its royal origins to the dynasty founded by Sherkhanji Babi in 1654, who was himself a ruler from the dynasty's founding until 1690. [4] The last Nawab of the British Indian princely state of Junagadh, Sir Muhammad Khanji, signed an Instrument of Accession and acceded his princely state of Junagadh, as well as its vassal state of sardargadh, Bantva Manavadar, to the Dominion of Pakistan after the Partition of British India in 1947. However, the Dominion of India did not recognize the accession and annexed the princely state shortly afterwards.

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History

The Babi Tribe is a pashtun tribe which originates from eastern Afghanistan and western regions of Pakistan. Babi or Babai (Pashtun tribe) is son of Ghorghasht or Gharghashti. [5] The first Babi is said to have entered Gujarat with Humayun. [6] They claim to have come to India from Khorasan under the leadership of Usman Khan, a follower of Mughal emperor Humayun. Bahadur Khanji Babi, son of Usman Khan, migrated to India and entered service under the Mughals. The hereditary title (Tribe) of Babi was conferred to him in 1554 from Emperor Humayun, for "services against the Rana of Chittor".

Sherkhanji Babi, founder of the Babi dynasty in 1654 joined the service of Prince Murad Baksh in Kathiawar, the Imperial Viceroy and son of Shah Jahan.[ citation needed ] In Mughal sources, the members of the Babi tribe are recognized as "Gujaratis", [7] due to their regional "Gujarati" identity, intermarriage and assimilation to its culture, and reference to their clan was mainly mentioned as a community within the different Gujarati subgroups, for example Shujaat Khan Gujarati of Ahmedabad. [8] Aurangzeb also writes in the Ruqa'at-i Alamgiri: "The 'Faujdarship' should be given to one of the Gujaratis: Safdar Khan-i Sani", referring to Safdar Khan of the Babi tribe. [9] They largely identified with those who had lived for generations in the country or were converts.

After the collapse of the Mughal Empire, the Babis were involved in a struggle with the Gaekwad dynasty of the Maratha Empire for control of Gujarat. While the Marathas were successful in establishing control over all of Gujarat, the Babis retained sovereignty of the princely states of Junagadh, sardargadh Radhanpur, Balasinor, Manavadar, Bantva, and Sardargadh.

Members of this dynasty ruled over the princely states of Junagadh, Radhanpur and Balasinor, as well as the small states of Bantva Manavadar, Sardargarh.

Members of the Babi tribe are found throughout north Gujarat and Saurashtra. Iconic Bollywood actress Parveen Babi was of Babi lineage, but most contemporary Babis, barring those belonging to princely lineages, are in modest circumstances. Many are petty landowners, but there is marked urbanization among the Babi as well. Though the Babis observe a tradition of endogamy, there are cases of marriages with the Chauhan and Behlim communities, and they accept daughters from the Shaikhs and Sunni Bohras. [10]

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Radhanpur State</span> Princely state of India

Radhanpur State was a princely state in India during the British Raj. Its rulers belonged to a family of Babi House, the state was once a polity within the Mughal Empire. The last ruling Nawab of Radhanpur, Nawab Murtaza Khan, signed the instrument of accession to the Indian Union on 10 June 1948.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Radhanpur</span>

Radhanpur is a town and a municipality in Patan district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Radhanpur belonged to the Vaghelas in early years and later it was held as a fief under the Gujarat Sultanate by Fateh Khan Baloch. During Mughal period, the descendants of Babi dynasty were appointed as the governor of Radhanpur and other villages of North Gujarat. After decline of Mughal, they became free and established themselves as independent rulers. In 1743, Babi descendant Jawan Mard Khan II took over viceroyalty of Ahmedabad and controlled several villages in North Gujarat. He was defeated by Maratha Gaekwads in 1753 at Ahmedabad and Gaekwads agreed to his demand of control of villages in North Gujarat headquartered at Radhanpur State. His descendants lost some of these villages to Gaekwads subsequently. In 1813, Sher Khan made a treaty with the Gaekwar and British and became British protectorate. His descendants ruled the state until independence of India in 1947.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ghulam Moinuddin Khanji</span> Nawab, Khan

Ghulam Moinuddin Khanji was the ruler of Manavadar State, one of the princely states associated with British India. Although Khanji chose to accede to Pakistan after the partition of India, the state was soon annexed by India and a subsequent referendum resulted in a massive Indian victory.

References

  1. ↑ "Babi royal family brings their cuisine to Ahmedabad". The Indian Express. 2019-04-01. Archived from the original on 2019-04-02. Retrieved 2020-10-04.
  2. ↑ Indian Journal of Secularism. Centre for Study of Society & Secularism (Mumbai, India). 2002. p. 31.
  3. ↑ "AfghanTribes". afghantribes.com. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-17.
  4. ↑ Henry Soszynski. "Junagadh". Members.iinet.net.au. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  5. ↑ Babi, Babi. "Ghorghasht or Gharghashti". Archived from the original on 2018-03-17.
  6. ↑ Gujarat State Gazetteers: Banaskantha District. Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State. 1981.
  7. ↑ Satish Chandra (1959). Parties And Politics At The Mughal Court.
  8. ↑ Journal:Volume 9. the New York Public Library. 1923. p. 266.
  9. ↑ Aurangzeb, Emperor of Hindustan, 1618-1707; Jamshedji Hormasji Bilimoriya (1908). Ruka'at-i-Alamgiri; or, Letters of Aurungzebe, with historical and explanatory notes;. University of California Libraries. p. 41.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ↑ Muslim Communities in Gujarat by Satish C Misra pages 110-111
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