| Bidyanus welchi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Terapontidae |
| Genus: | Bidyanus |
| Species: | B. welchi |
| Binomial name | |
| Bidyanus welchi | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Bidyanus welchi, commonly known as Welch's grunter, black bream, or silver bream, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Terapontidae native to Australia.
Bidyanus welchi has an elongate, oblong to ovate, slender, slightly compressed body. The back and underparts have evenly arched profiles with the dorsal profile being straight from the snout to the back of the head and it then becomes convex from there tp the start of the dorsal fin. The profile of the lower edge of the body is evenly arched to pelvic fin and is the then straight as far as the anus. The dorsal fin is continuous with the spiny part arched and containing 12 spines, the first of which is the shortest and the 5th or 6th being the longest; they decrease in height until the last one which is still longer than the longest dorsal soft rays. There are 11–12 soft rays in the posterior part of the dorsal fin. The anal fin has three spines and eight to nine soft rays. The caudal fin is emarginate. The overall colour of the body is yellowish or brownish darkening dorsally. The colour on the body is dusky, with every scale having a spot of darker colour along its edge and on the caudal peduncle, these spots sometimes coalesce to create irregular, horizontal, fine bars. The fins on the body have a dusky membrane. The caudal fin is dusky at its base and the pelvic fins have a slight dusky colour while the pectoral fins are colourless. [3] The maximum standard length is 40 centimetres (16 in) although the common standard length is 23 centimetres (9.1 in). [2]
Bidyanus welchi is endemic to Australia where it occurs in some internal drainage basins in central Australia; these include the Barcoo River, Diamantina River and Georgina River in Queensland and in the Lake Eyre drainage system in South Australia. [3]
Bidyanus welchi are found in turbid water in slow flowing rivers and waterholes. They can tolerate high salinities and high temperatures. It is a carnivorous species which preys on smaller fishes as well as crustacea and worms. Spawning takes place in the summer when the watercourses it inhabits flood. The eggs are pelagic and are laid upstream after the fish migrate there, they hatch after around 30 hours. The male guards and fans the eggs. They attain sexual maturity when they reach a length of about 24–28 centimetres (9.4–11.0 in). [2] A female of length 28 centimetres (11 in) may lay up to 100,000 eggs. [1]
Bidyanus welchi is one of the few good species for angling found in the arid interior of the Australia. [2] This makes it prone to illegal fishing. [4] At least in Queensland there are bag limits in place. [5]
Bidyanus welchi was first formally described in 1917 as Therapon welchi by Allan Riverstone McCulloch and Edgar Ravenswood Waite. [6] Gilbert Percy Whitley named the genus Bidyanus in 1943 [7] and used a local aboriginal word bidyan which means "fish". The specific name honours the explorer Edwin Welch (1838-1916). [3]
The louvar or luvar is a species of marine ray-finned fish, it is the only extant species in the genus Luvarus and family Luvaridae. This taxon is classified within the suborder Acanthuroidei, which includes the surgeonfish, of the order Acanthuriformes. The juvenile form has a pair of spines near the base of the tail, like the surgeonfish, though they are lost in the adult.
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Hephaestus carbo, the coal grunter or black grunter, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to rivers in northern Australia.
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Epinephelus bleekeri, the duskytail grouper, Bleeker's grouper or Bleeker's rockcod, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region where it is associated with shallow banks.
Bidyanus is a genus of ray-finned fishes, from the family Terapontidae, the grunters and tigerperches. They are freshwater species which are endemic to Australia.
The Eastern striped grunter is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region where it is found in coastal waters and is an omnivore.
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The sharpbeak terapon is a species of ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It is found in the coastal waters of Asia from southern Japan to the Philippines.
The Spanish flag is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean. It is the only species in the genus Gonioplectrus.
The rainfordia, also known as the flathead perch or Rainford's perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, related to the groupers and classified within the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae. It is found in the eastern Indian Ocean and in the Western Pacific Ocean. It is the only species in its monotypic genus.
