Bromelioideae | |
---|---|
Aechmea fasciata | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Clade: | Commelinids |
Order: | Poales |
Family: | Bromeliaceae |
Subfamily: | Bromelioideae |
Bromelioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae). This subfamily is the most diverse in the family, represented by the greatest number of genera with about 40. [1] Most of the plants in this group are epiphytes, though some have evolved in, or will adapt to, terrestrial conditions. This subfamily features the most plant types which are commonly cultivated by people, including the pineapple.
The foliage in most bromelioides grows to form a rosette where water is caught and stored. Their leaves are usually spined and they produce berry-like fruits in their blooms. These plants contain an inferior ovary. [2]
As of November 2022 [update] , the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads listed 39 genera, plus one hybrid genus (×HohenmeaB.R.Silva & L.F.Sousa) and one genus with no species listed, that Plants of the World Online treated as an artificial hybrid genus (×CryptbergiaR.G.Wilson & C.L.Wilson). [1] [3] A further genus, Hylaeaicum , was separated from Neoregelia in 2021. [4]
Image | Genus | Number of living species |
---|---|---|
Acanthostachys | 2 species | |
Aechmea | 255 species | |
Ananas | 2 species | |
Androlepis | 2 species | |
Araeococcus | 9 species | |
Billbergia | 64 species | |
Bromelia | 56 species | |
Canistropsis | 11 species | |
Canistrum | 13 species | |
Cryptanthus | 63 species | |
Deinacanthon | 1 species | |
Disteganthus | 2 species | |
Edmundoa | 3 species | |
Eduandrea | 1 species | |
Fascicularia | 1 species | |
Fernseea | 2 species | |
Forzzaea | 7 species | |
Greigia | 33 species | |
Hylaeaicum | 12 species [4] | |
Hohenbergia | 56 species | |
Hohenbergiopsis | 1 species | |
Hoplocryptanthus (Mez) Leme, S.Heller & Zizka | 9 species | |
Karawata J.R.Maciel & G.Sousa | 7 species | |
Lapanthus Louzada & Versieux | 2 species | |
Lymania | 9 species | |
Neoglaziovia | 3 species | |
Neoregelia | 112 species | |
Nidularium | 45 species | |
Ochagavia | 4 species | |
Orthophytum | 53 species | |
Portea | 9 species | |
Pseudaechmea | 1 species | |
Pseudaraeococcus | 6 species | |
Quesnelia | 20 species | |
Rokautskyia | 14 species | |
Ronnbergia | 14 species | |
Sincoraea Ule | 11 species | |
Ursulaea | 2 species | |
Wittrockia | 6 species | |
Wittmackia Meze | 44 species |
The Bromeliaceae are a family of monocot flowering plants of about 80 genera and 3700 known species, native mainly to the tropical Americas, with several species found in the American subtropics and one in tropical west Africa, Pitcairnia feliciana.
Neoregelia is a genus of epiphytic flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae, native to South American rainforests. The genus name is for Eduard August von Regel, Director of St. Petersburg Botanic Gardens in Russia (1875–1892).
Cryptanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek cryptos (hidden) and anthos (flower). The genus formerly had two recognized subgenera: the type subgenus and subgenus HoplocryptanthusMez which has been raised to the separate genus Hoplocryptanthus. All species of this genus are endemic to Brazil. The common name for any Cryptanthus is "Earth star".
Pitcairnioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliad family, Bromeliaceae. Traditionally, it was a large subfamily, comprising all those species with winged or more rarely naked seeds. Molecular phylogenetic studies showed that traditional Pitcairnioideae was not monophyletic, and the subfamily was more narrowly circumscribed. As of November 2022, the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads placed five genera in the subfamily. Members of the subfamily are found from the Andes to the coast of Brazil, with one genus (Fosterella) found northwards to Mexico.
Tillandsioideae is a subfamily of plants in the bromeliad family Bromeliaceae. This subfamily contains the greatest number of species. Most are epiphytic or lithophytic, growing in trees or on rocks where they absorb water and nutrients from the air. Spanish moss of the genus Tillandsia is a well-known species. Bromeliads in the genera Guzmania and Vriesea are the more commonly cultivated members of this subfamily.
Orthophytum is a genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae.
Disteganthus is a genus of plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek “dis” (two), “steg” (covering), and “anthos” (flower). They are considered a primitive genus among bromeliads and are only found in terrestrial environments. Distenganthus has three known species, native to northeastern South America.
Mezobromelia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Tillandsioideae. The genus name is for Carl Christian Mez, German botanist (1866-1944). Some authorities treat Mezobromelia as a synonym of Cipuropsis.
Edmundoa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. It is native to southern and south-eastern Brasil.
Ochagavia is a plant genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus is named for Silvestre Ochagavía Errázuriz, a Chilean lawyer and minister of education from the 19th century. It is endemic to southern and central Chile. This genus is represented by four accepted species.
Lymania is a genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus was established in 1984 to "unite furrowed or winged species from Aechmea subgenera Lamprococcus, Araeococcus and Ronnbergia."
Deinacanthon is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek “deinos” - terrible and “anthos” - flower. It contains a single species, Deinacanthon urbanianum, native to Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.
Ursulaea is a genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. Some authorities treat Ursulaea as a synonym of Aechmea. There are two known species, both endemic to Mexico.
Hylaeaicum is a genus of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, native to tropical northern South America. The taxon was first described by Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule in 1935 as a subgenus of "Aregelia". It was later treated as a subgenus of Neoregelia, before being raised to a full genus in 2021, a status accepted by both Plants of the World Online and the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads.
Ananas macrodontes is a plant species closely related to the pineapple, in the family Bromeliaceae. Its common name is the false pineapple, a name shared with the not closely related Pandanus kaida. The scientific community has not reached consensus on whether this species should belong in the same genus as the pineapple (Ananas), or in its own genus (Pseudananas).
Navioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliad family, Bromeliaceae. It contains four or five genera, formerly placed in a more broadly defined subfamily Pitcairnioideae.
Rokautskyia is a genus of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, native to eastern Brazil. The genus was first established in 2017, and is placed in subfamily Bromelioideae.
Elton Martinez Carvalho Leme is a Brazilian who is employed as a judge. He is also a self-taught botanist with a special interest in bromeliads. As of November 2022, the International Plant Names Index listed 629 scientific names which include Leme as a publishing author, including 13 generic names.
Hylaeaicum meeanum is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to Brazil. It was first described in 1975 as Neoregelia meeana. It was first collected by Margaret Mee, near the source of Rio Andirá, near Parintins. It may be treated as a synonym of Hylaeaicum levianum, but as of November 2022 was accepted by Plants of the World Online and the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads.
Hylaeaicum tarapotoense is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to northern Peru. It was first described in 1985 as Neoregelia tarapotoensis. It was first collected near Tarapoto in the Department of San Martín in northern Peru.