Bromelioideae

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Bromelioideae
Aechmea fasciata kz2.JPG
Aechmea fasciata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Bromeliaceae
Subfamily: Bromelioideae

Bromelioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae). This subfamily is the most diverse in the family, represented by the greatest number of genera with about 40. [1] Most of the plants in this group are epiphytes, though some have evolved in, or will adapt to, terrestrial conditions. This subfamily features the most plant types which are commonly cultivated by people, including the pineapple.

Contents

Description

The foliage in most bromelioides grows to form a rosette where water is caught and stored. Their leaves are usually spined and they produce berry-like fruits in their blooms. These plants contain an inferior ovary. [2]

Genera

As of November 2022, the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads listed 39 genera, plus one hybrid genus (×HohenmeaB.R.Silva & L.F.Sousa) and one genus with no species listed, that Plants of the World Online treated as an artificial hybrid genus (×CryptbergiaR.G.Wilson & C.L.Wilson). [1] [3] A further genus, Hylaeaicum , was separated from Neoregelia in 2021. [4]

ImageGenusNumber of living species
Acanthostachys strobilacea 02.JPG Acanthostachys 2 species
Aechmea fasciata2.jpg Aechmea 255 species
Ananas comosus 06.JPG Ananas 2 species
Androlepis skinneri 20091211.jpg Androlepis 2 species
Araeococcus flagellifolius - pl 1.jpg Araeococcus 9 species
Billbergia nutans 6zz.jpg Billbergia 64 species
20120912 Bromelia humilis.jpg Bromelia 56 species
Canistropsis billbergioides cvCitron Nidularium billbergioides citrinumHabitusInflorescence BotGardBln091006e.jpg Canistropsis 11 species
20100513 Canistrum seidelianum.jpg Canistrum 13 species
Cryptanthus microglazioui (TS) 2-03388.jpg Cryptanthus 63 species
Deinacanthon 1 species
Bromeliad (Disteganthus gracieae) (39586155641).jpg Disteganthus 2 species
20100821 Edmundoa lindenii.jpg Edmundoa 3 species
Eduandrea 1 species
Fascicularia bicolor (hozdiamant) 001.jpg Fascicularia 1 species
Bromeliaitatiaia.JPG Fernseea 2 species
Cryptanthus warasii 20090621.jpg Forzzaea 7 species
Greigia sphacelata 1.jpg Greigia 33 species
Neoregelia pendula 20090627.jpg Hylaeaicum 12 species [4]
Hohenbergia stellata BotGardBln1105PartOfInflorescenceWithFlowers.jpg Hohenbergia 56 species
Hohenbergiopsis guatemalensis.jpg Hohenbergiopsis 1 species
Bromeliaceae Cryptanthus glaziovii 1.jpg Hoplocryptanthus (Mez) Leme, S.Heller & Zizka9 species
Aechmea multiflora.jpeg Karawata J.R.Maciel & G.Sousa7 species
Lapanthus Louzada & Versieux2 species
Lymania smithii 3.jpg Lymania 9 species
Neoglaziovia variegata-IMG 6816.jpg Neoglaziovia 3 species
Montreal jardin botanique Neoregelia carolinae.jpg Neoregelia 112 species
Nidularium fulgens HabitusInflorescence BotGardBln090f6.JPG Nidularium 45 species
Ochagavia carnea 3.jpg Ochagavia 4 species
Orthophytum amoenum.jpg Orthophytum 53 species
Portea-petropolitana.jpg Portea 9 species
Pseudaechmea 1 species
Araeococcus parviflorus 20090725 5406.jpg Pseudaraeococcus 6 species
Quesnelia testudo 20090207.jpg Quesnelia 20 species
Cryptanthus microglazioui (TS) 2-03389.jpg Rokautskyia 14 species
Ronnbergia petersii BotGardBln240809C.jpg Ronnbergia 14 species
Orthophytum amoenum.jpg Sincoraea Ule11 species
Aechmea (or Ursulaea) mcvaughii (9301955053).jpg Ursulaea 2 species
Wittrockia cv Leopardinum BotGardBln07122011B.JPG Wittrockia 6 species
Aechmea patentissima Baker (6311962745).jpg Wittmackia Meze44 species

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bromeliaceae</span> Family of monocot flowering plants

The Bromeliaceae are a family of monocot flowering plants of about 80 genera and 3700 known species, native mainly to the tropical Americas, with several species found in the American subtropics and one in tropical west Africa, Pitcairnia feliciana.

<i>Neoregelia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Neoregelia is a genus of epiphytic flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae, native to South American rainforests. The genus name is for Eduard August von Regel, Director of St. Petersburg Botanic Gardens in Russia (1875–1892).

<i>Cryptanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cryptanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek cryptos (hidden) and anthos (flower). The genus formerly had two recognized subgenera: the type subgenus and subgenus HoplocryptanthusMez which has been raised to the separate genus Hoplocryptanthus. All species of this genus are endemic to Brazil. The common name for any Cryptanthus is "Earth star".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pitcairnioideae</span> Species of flowering plant

Pitcairnioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliad family, Bromeliaceae. Traditionally, it was a large subfamily, comprising all those species with winged or more rarely naked seeds. Molecular phylogenetic studies showed that traditional Pitcairnioideae was not monophyletic, and the subfamily was more narrowly circumscribed. As of November 2022, the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads placed five genera in the subfamily. Members of the subfamily are found from the Andes to the coast of Brazil, with one genus (Fosterella) found northwards to Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tillandsioideae</span> Subfamily of family Bromeliaceae

Tillandsioideae is a subfamily of plants in the bromeliad family Bromeliaceae. This subfamily contains the greatest number of species. Most are epiphytic or lithophytic, growing in trees or on rocks where they absorb water and nutrients from the air. Spanish moss of the genus Tillandsia is a well-known species. Bromeliads in the genera Guzmania and Vriesea are the more commonly cultivated members of this subfamily.

<i>Orthophytum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Orthophytum is a genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae.

<i>Disteganthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Disteganthus is a genus of plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek “dis” (two), “steg” (covering), and “anthos” (flower). They are considered a primitive genus among bromeliads and are only found in terrestrial environments. Distenganthus has three known species, native to northeastern South America.

<i>Mezobromelia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Mezobromelia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Tillandsioideae. The genus name is for Carl Christian Mez, German botanist (1866-1944). Some authorities treat Mezobromelia as a synonym of Cipuropsis.

<i>Edmundoa</i> Genus of flowering plants

Edmundoa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. It is native to southern and south-eastern Brasil.

<i>Ochagavia</i> Species of plant

Ochagavia is a plant genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus is named for Silvestre Ochagavía Errázuriz, a Chilean lawyer and minister of education from the 19th century. It is endemic to southern and central Chile. This genus is represented by four accepted species.

<i>Lymania</i> Genus of flowering plants

Lymania is a genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus was established in 1984 to "unite furrowed or winged species from Aechmea subgenera Lamprococcus, Araeococcus and Ronnbergia."

<i>Deinacanthon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Deinacanthon is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. The genus name is from the Greek “deinos” - terrible and “anthos” - flower. It contains a single species, Deinacanthon urbanianum, native to Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.

<i>Ursulaea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Ursulaea is a genus in the plant family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. Some authorities treat Ursulaea as a synonym of Aechmea. There are two known species, both endemic to Mexico.

<i>Hylaeaicum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Hylaeaicum is a genus of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, native to tropical northern South America. The taxon was first described by Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule in 1935 as a subgenus of "Aregelia". It was later treated as a subgenus of Neoregelia, before being raised to a full genus in 2021, a status accepted by both Plants of the World Online and the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads.

<i>Ananas macrodontes</i> Species of fruit and plant

Ananas macrodontes is a plant species closely related to the pineapple, in the family Bromeliaceae. Its common name is the false pineapple, a name shared with the not closely related Pandanus kaida. The scientific community has not reached consensus on whether this species should belong in the same genus as the pineapple (Ananas), or in its own genus (Pseudananas).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Navioideae</span>

Navioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliad family, Bromeliaceae. It contains four or five genera, formerly placed in a more broadly defined subfamily Pitcairnioideae.

<i>Rokautskyia</i> Genus of plants

Rokautskyia is a genus of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, native to eastern Brazil. The genus was first established in 2017, and is placed in subfamily Bromelioideae.

Elton Martinez Carvalho Leme is a Brazilian who is employed as a judge. He is also a self-taught botanist with a special interest in bromeliads. As of November 2022, the International Plant Names Index listed 629 scientific names which include Leme as a publishing author, including 13 generic names.

Hylaeaicum meeanum is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to Brazil. It was first described in 1975 as Neoregelia meeana. It was first collected by Margaret Mee, near the source of Rio Andirá, near Parintins. It may be treated as a synonym of Hylaeaicum levianum, but as of November 2022 was accepted by Plants of the World Online and the Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads.

Hylaeaicum tarapotoense is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to northern Peru. It was first described in 1985 as Neoregelia tarapotoensis. It was first collected near Tarapoto in the Department of San Martín in northern Peru.

References

  1. 1 2 Gouda, E.J.; Butcher, D.; Gouda, C.S. (2022). "subfam. Bromelioideae Reichnb." Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads. Utrecht University Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2022-11-12.
  2. Smith, L. B.; Till, W. (1998), Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.), "Bromeliaceae", Flowering Plants · Monocotyledons: Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 74–99, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03531-3_8#citeas, ISBN   978-3-662-03531-3 , retrieved 2023-08-30
  3. Cryptbergia R.G.Wilson & C.L.Wilson". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2022-11-12.[ dead link ]
  4. 1 2 Leme, Elton M. C.; Zizka, Georg; Paule, Juraj; Aguirre-Santoro, Julián; Heller, Sascha; Ramírez-Morillo, Ivón M.; Halbritter, Heidemarie; Mariath, Jorge E. A.; Carvalho, Jordano D. T. De & Forzza, Rafaela C. (2021). "Re-evaluation of the Amazonian Hylaeaicum (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) based on neglected morphological traits and molecular evidence". Phytotaxa. 499 (1): 1–60. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.499.1.1. S2CID   235568878.