Bryconops piracolina

Last updated

Bryconops piracolina
Bryconops piracolina preserved.png
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Iguanodectidae
Genus: Bryconops
Species:
B. piracolina
Binomial name
Bryconops piracolina

Bryconops piracolina is a small fish that inhabits the waters of Brazil. It is slender and silvery in color, like many fish in Bryconops, but can be distinguished from other members by way of its dorsal fin, which has a black patch of color extending up from the fin-base; congeners usually have light pigment in the dorsal fin, or a brighter color (as in the orangefin tetra, B. affinis).

Contents

Its specific epithet, piracolina, is in reference to the stream where it was found, the Igarapé Piracolina (which is located in the Río Madeira basin).

Description

Bryconops piracolina reaches a maximum of roughly 7.1cm (2.8 in) in standard length (excluding the tail fin). [2] This places it slightly to the smaller side of the genus Bryconops as a whole. [3] Its dorsal fin sports pigmentation along the base that streaks away from the body, which is a unique feature that can be used to distinguish it from its congeners. [2] It lacks humeral spots, which is another distinguishing feature, and its adipose fin is entirely black. [4] The lattermost aspect is shared with Bryconops inpai and Bryconops munduruku , but these two are dissimilar to B. piracolina in many ways. [5] [6] Its slender body shape and general silver coloration are otherwise common aspects.

When a specimen is preserved in alcohol, the scattered black chromatophores (pigment cells) on its face, head, and upper jaw become more evident, though they have little impact on overall coloration. [5] Its lateral line also becomes much clearer, manifesting as a bold, dark stripe against scales that turn a yellowish-brown. [4] The lateral line scales themselves are pored only to the end of the hypural plate, the plate that joins the fish's tail to its body. [2]

Taxonomy

Bryconops piracolina, upon being named in 2011, was assigned to the subgenus Bryconops. [5] It has fewer teeth than is necessary on the maxilla (one to three teeth on both sides) for assignment to the other subgenus, Creatochanes. [7] As with the rest of Bryconops, it was once considered a member of the family Characidae, but research in 2011 moved Bryconops to the family Iguanodectidae, alongside the genera Iguanodectes and Piabucus . [8] [9]

Bryconops piracolina has no known scientific synonyms, having retained its original name. [10] [11] It also has no widely-accepted common names, [12] though "Piracolina tetra" has been suggested as a result of its type locality. (The specific epithet "piracolina" originates from the Igarapé Piracolina, where B. piracolina was first described.) [13] Members of Bryconops are but a handful of fish often referred to as "tetras"; examples include B. affinis (the orangefin tetra), [14] B. caudomaculatus (the tailspot tetra), [15] and B. melanurus (the tail-light tetra). [16]

Distribution and ecology

As is reflected in the specific epithet, B. piracolina was first cited from the Igarapé Piracolina (or Piracolina Creek in English), a small stream that flows into the Rio Machado located in Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil. [5] In turn, the Río Machado is a tributary of the Río Madeira. [17] There is evidence to suggest that B. piracolina is endemic to the area, along with several other species therein. [17] Endemism is a trait known from tributaries of the Río Machado, though in a somewhat limited capacity. [18]

The Igarapé Piracolina itself is a clear-water creek with a fast current and sandy substrate. [18] Its width ranges from 1-3 m (about 3-10 ft), and depth from 0.3-1.5 m (1-5 ft). [17] The Piracolina and its tributaries are surrounded by cultivated farmland, largely soy and corn, with very little riparian vegetation. [19]

Conservation status

Though little is known of population trends and environmental threats, B. piracolina is considered a species of least concern by the IUCN. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Bryconops</i> Genus of fishes

Bryconops is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Iguanodectidae from South America. It consists of small fish, all under half-a-foot long, with slender bodies and silvery scales, though there is some mild color variation. Several species can be identified by way of a humeral patch, and others have a reddish ocellus, or eyespot, on one or both lobes of the dorsal fin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iguanodectidae</span> Family of fish

Iguanodectidae is a family of freshwater fish in the order Characiformes that lives in South America. It is home to the subfamily Iguanodectinae and the monotypic Bryconops clade. Several species in the family, such as the green line lizard tetra, the tailspot tetra, and the orangefin tetra, are sometimes taken as aquarium fish.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orangefin tetra</span> Species of fish

The orangefin tetra is a small species of freshwater fish from South America that belongs to the family Iguanodectidae. Though common in its native range, it seems to prefer fast-flowing and shallow creeks. It is an active swimmer that feeds on plant material and various invertebrates, sometimes jumping out of the water to catch prey above the surface.

<i>Bryconops alburnoides</i> Species of fish

Bryconops alburnoides is a small freshwater fish, approximately 6 inches long at its largest, that lives in the rivers of South America. It has a slender body, with a yellowish dorsal fin and yellow-tinged back scales that fade into silver on its belly. It is largely an insectivore that picks land-dwelling insects from the riverbanks, though it eats much more whenever rain washes prey into the water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tailspot tetra</span> Species of fish

The tailspot tetra is a freshwater fish that lives in the coastal river regions of upper South America. Both its common and scientific names reference the distinct spot of color present on the tail fin, which is one of its defining characteristics. It is a small fish, reaching 4.8 in at its longest. Despite its small size, it is an active swimmer, with a preference for fast-flowing waters.

Bryconops colanegra is a small, slender-bodied species of freshwater fish from South America, about 3.5 in long. It has a black tail fin that bears hints of red, and its scales are dark along the back, transitioning to a silver belly. It is endemic to a single river system in Venezuela, the Rio Caroní.

<i>Bryconops colaroja</i> Species of fish

Bryconops colaroja is a small species of fish endemic to tributaries and creeks of the Cuyuni River basin in Venezuela. The specific epithet "colaroja" means "red tailed", and it gets this name from its most distinctive feature - a deep red caudal fin, largely unique amongst members of its genus.

<i>Bryconops collettei</i> Species of fish

Bryconops collettei is a small freshwater fish from the rivers of South America. It is mostly silvery, with notable green iridescence on its sides, and a diffuse ocellus (eyespot) on the upper lobe of the caudal fin. Before its distinction as a separate species, specimens of B. collettei were misidentified as specimens of Bryconops caudomaculatus due to several morphological similarities, including a caudal ocellus and generally similar fin coloration.

Bryconops disruptus is a small freshwater fish of the family Iguanodectidae. It is only found in the Rio Negro in South America. Like the rest of the genus Bryconops, B. disruptus is silvery in color, with a relatively deep chest and a notable set of teeth. The specific epithet "disruptus" refers to the incomplete lateral line.

Bryconops durbinae, sometimes listed under the name Bryconops durbini, is a small species of freshwater fish in the family Iguanodectidae. It is the smallest species of the genus Bryconops, and is endemic to the Tapajós river basin in Brazil.

<i>Bryconops giacopinii</i> Species of fish

Bryconops giacopinii is a mid-sized species of freshwater fish in the family Iguanodectidae. It is the largest member of the genus Bryconops, and is therefore difficult to confuse with any of its congeners. With a diet that consists largely of land-dwelling insects, it serves as an important link between the terrestrial and aquatic aspects of its native range.

Bryconops humeralis is a small freshwater fish distributed across northern South America. The name "humeralis" means "relating to the shoulder", in reference to the distinct humeral patches that the fish sports. It is slightly longer than average in terms of the genus Bryconops, though still firmly within the standard range, and is slightly more slender than is usual for its congeners.

Bryconops inpai is a small freshwater fish native to the rivers of South America. It only lives in two particular river systems - the Casiquiare and Negro - which means that its range is restricted to the northern half of the continent. It has indistinct humeral spots, and is bluish-silver in life, which is unusual for members of Bryconops; they are more often plain silver or greenish-silver.

Bryconops munduruku is a small freshwater fish of the family Iguanodectidae that lives in the rivers of South America. Its adipose fin is black, with a clear base, and it has two humeral spots, which is a feature it shares with few congeners. Its fins are a variety of yellow, red, black, and clear, and mature males have hooks on select fin-rays.

<i>Bryconops tocantinensis</i> Species of fish

Bryconops tocantinensis is a small freshwater fish from the rivers of Brazil. It has yellow-gold scales on its back and white scales on its belly, with a bright-silver stripe marking the divide between the two. It gets the name "tocantinensis" from its endemism to the upper Tocantins basin drainage - specifically, the Conceição River.

Bryconops vibex is a small freshwater fish from the rivers of Venezuela, known solely from the Rio Cataniapo. The body is slender, though with an element of sturdiness, and it has one humeral spot by each pectoral fin. It bears visual similarities to several congeners, but can be differentiated by way of many factors.

Bryconops allisoni is a species of freshwater fish known from the rivers of Brazil. It is a recent addition to the genus (2019), currently considered a member incertae sedis. Its name honors Antonio Machado-Allison, an ichthyologist responsible for a great deal of work on the genus Bryconops.

Bryconops chernoffi is a species of freshwater fish that inhabits the rivers of Brazil. Specifically, it is found in the Rio Maicuru and Rio Ipixuna; the latter is a tributary of the former, which is a tributary of the Amazon river main. B. chernoffi demonstrates a preference for clear-water streams with sandy and rocky bottoms.

Bryconops rheoruber is a species of freshwater fish from the rivers of Brazil. Its back scales are tan-to-cream, and its belly is silvery; the divide between the two colors is marked by a broad iridescent-silver stripe. Its fins are a mixture of pale, clear, and reddish, which contributed to its specific name. "Rheo" means "flow" or "current" in Greek, and "ruber" means "red" in Latin.

Bryconops sapezal is a small freshwater fish native to the Rio Tapajós basin of Brazil. It is one of the more recent additions to its genus, described in 2018, and has a name that means "covered in sapê", or thatching. This originates from the Sapezal municipality of Mato Grosso, Brazil, which is type locality of B. sapezal.

References

  1. 1 2 Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio). 2022. Bryconops piracolina. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T134696024A134696035. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T134696024A134696035.pt. Accessed on 05 November 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Bryconops piracolina" in FishBase . November 2022 version.
  3. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Bryconops in FishBase . November 2022 version.
  4. 1 2 "Bryconops piracolina, Wingert & Malabarba, 2011". Plazi TreatmentBank. Plazi. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Wingert, Juliana M.; Malabarba, Luiz R. (2011). "A new species of Bryconops (Teleostei: Characidae) from the rio Madeira basin, Northern Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 9 (3): 471–476. doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252011000300002 . hdl: 10183/81588 . ISSN   1679-6225.
  6. ↑ Silva-Oliveira, Cárlison; Canto, André Luiz C.; Ribeiro, Frank Raynner V. (30 July 2015). "Bryconops munduruku (Characiformes: Characidae), a new species of fish from the lower Tapajós River basin, Brazil". Zootaxa. 3994 (1): 133–141. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3994.1.7. PMID   26250264 – via ResearchGate.
  7. ↑ Chernoff, Barry; Machado-Allison, Antonio (31 December 2005). "Bryconops". doi:10.5281/zenodo.6265593.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. ↑ Bailly, Nicolas (17 April 2015). "WoRMS taxon details - Iguanodectidae Eigenmann, 1909". World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  9. ↑ Oliveira, Claudio; Avelino, Gleisy S.; Abe, Kelly T.; Mariguela, Tatiane C.; Benine, Ricardo C.; Ortí, Guillermo; Vari, Richard P.; Corrêa e Castro, Ricardo M. (December 2011). "Phylogenetic relationships within the speciose family Characidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) based on multilocus analysis and extensive ingroup sampling". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11 (1): 275. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-275 . PMC   3190395 . PMID   21943181. S2CID   974820.
  10. ↑ Bailly, Nicolas (4 July 2017). "WoRMS taxon details - Bryconops piracolina Wingert & Malabarba, 2011". World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  11. ↑ Bryconops piracolina Wingert & Malabarba, 2011 in GBIF Secretariat (2021). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2022-11-06.
  12. ↑ "Bryconops piracolina Wingert & Malabarba 2011 Names". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  13. ↑ Scharpf, Christopher; Lazara, Kenneth J. (15 September 2020). "Order CHARACIFORMES: Families IGUANODECTIDAE, TRIPORTHEIDAE, BRYCONIDAE, CHALCEIDAE and GASTEROPELECIDAE". The ETYFish Project. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  14. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Bryconops affinis" in FishBase . November 2022 version.
  15. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Bryconops caudomaculatus" in FishBase . November 2022 version.
  16. ↑ Dawes, John (2001). Complete Encyclopedia of the Freshwater Aquarium (1st ed.). New York: Firefly Books. p. 195. ISBN   9781552975442 . Retrieved 31 October 2022.
  17. 1 2 3 Loeb, Marina Vianna; Ohara, Willian Massaharu (27 April 2022). "Fish fauna of moderate altitude from first order stream in upper Rio Machado, Rondônia, Brazil". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 62: e202262028. doi: 10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.028 . S2CID   248465588 . Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  18. 1 2 Ohara, Willian M.; Lima, Flávio. C.T. (13 June 2015). "Hyphessobrycon lucenorum (Characiformes: Characidae), a new species from the rio Madeira basin, Rondônia State, Brazil". Zootaxa. 3972 (4): 562–572. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3972.4.7. PMID   26249511 . Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  19. ↑ Bockmann, Flávio A.; Reis, Roberto E. (4 June 2021). "Two new, remarkably colored species of the Neotropical catfish genus Cetopsorhamdia Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916 (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) from Chapada dos Parecis, western Brazil, with an assessment of the morphological characters bearing on their phylogenetic relationships". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 61: e20216156. doi: 10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.56 . hdl: 10923/20262 . S2CID   236226384 . Retrieved 6 November 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.