Cambarus gentryi

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Cambarus gentryi
Status TNC G4.svg
Apparently Secure  (NatureServe) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Cambaridae
Genus: Cambarus
Species:
C. gentryi
Binomial name
Cambarus gentryi
Hobbs, 1970

Cambarus gentryi, the linear cobalt crayfish, [2] is a small species of burrowing crayfish. One of 115 species in the genus Cambarus , [3] it is notable for its deep blue carapace. [4] It is endemic to Tennessee in the United States. [1] [2]

Taxonomy and description

Although three specimens of C. gentryi were collected and stored in the 1890s, the species was not described until 1970 by Horton Hobbs Jr. [5] This followed its 1968 collection by Dr. Glenn Gentry, from which the species name was derived. [5]

Geographic range

The linear cobalt crayfish has been found in the Cumberland and Duck river basins in Tennessee. [4] There are 37 reported sightings of C. gentryi on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) between 1962-2022. [6] They are all localized to the southern part of Tennessee in the USA, North America. [6]

Physical description

Cambarus gentryi has a shell length of around 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) and pincers about 2 cm (0.79 in) long. [4] Its shell is cobalt blue in colour with orange or yellow to yellowish-green markings. [4] The eyes are small and well-developed, and the areola (a structure which runs along the centre of the cephalothorax) is sublinear, or mostly uncurved. [5] Like other decapods, C. gentryi has ten pairs of legs, of which the forward-most pair are modified into robust pincers known as chela. [7] A detailed description of the morphological identifiers unique to C. gentryi, alongside drawings of the type specimen, may be found in the original species description in the Biodiversity Heritage Library: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34572783. [5]

The type specimen is stored in the Smithsonian Institute in Washington, D.C., USA under the identifier USNM 130283. [8] The allotype (female) and morphotype (male) are in the same institution under the identifiers USNM 130284 and 130285. [8]

Habitat

The linear cobalt crayfish creates burrows in damp areas along river banks. [5] Its burrows have been described in several locations across its range; although sometimes limited by soil depth, they can have multiple openings to the surface and have been found to be up to about 2.5 m (8 ft) in length and 0.91 m (3 ft) in depth. [5] [8]

Development and reproduction

Adults in family Cambaridae alternate molts between reproductive (form I) and non reproductive (Form II) forms. [7] Male form I has larger claws and altered sperm transfer gonopods; in some species, the female form I has a wider abdomen. [7] On collection of C. gentryi specimens in and prior to 1970, first-form males were collected at various times of year (April, May, and November) and egg- or young-bearing females had not been collected or identified. [5]

Lifespan

The exact lifespan of C. gentryi is not known; however, other individuals in this family (Cambaridae) have been known to live 6-7 years. [7]

Ecological Interactions

C. gentryi is a known host of Uncinocythere zancla, an entocytherid osctracod. [9] This is a small crustacean which lives as an obligate ectosymbiont to other crustaceans by attaching to the carapaces. [10]

Conservation status

Cambarus gentryi is listed as least concern by the IUCN. [1]

Genomic information

Five publicly available gene fragment sequences exist for C. gentryi, available through NCBI genbank with taxonomy ID NCBI:txid318489. [11] The following gene fragments are available: [11]

  1. Isolate JF2508 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene; Accession no. KX417101.1
  2. Histone H3 (H3) gene, partial cds; Accession no. DQ411804.1
  3. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1) gene, partial cds; mitochondrial; Accession no. DQ411785.1
  4. 12S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; mitochondrial; Accession no. DQ411731.1
  5. 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; mitochondrial; Accession no. AY853664.1

Related Research Articles

<i>Cambarus</i> Genus of crayfishes

Cambarus is a large and diverse genus of crayfish from the United States and Canada. The adults range in size from about 5 cm (2.0 in) up to approximately 15 cm (5.9 in).

Cambarus bouchardi, the Big South Fork crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America.

Cambarus catagius, the Greensboro burrowing crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found only in a limited area of North Carolina, where it is considered a species of special conservation concern.

Cambarus chaugaensis, the Chauga crayfish or Chauga River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the Carolinas in the United States of America. The common and scientific names refer to the Chauga River of South Carolina, where the first specimens were collected.

Cambarus coosawattae, the Coosawattae crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Georgia. The common name refers to the Coosawattee River, with the original specimens being collected in the Cartecay River which combines with another river to form the Coosawattee.

Cambarus cymatilis, the Conasauga blue burrower is a species of burrowing crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to Tennessee and Georgia in the United States. The common name refers to the Conasauga River.

Cambarus deweesae, the valley flame crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in Kentucky and Tennessee.

Cambarus elkensis, the Elk River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to West Virginia in the United States.

Cambarus extraneus, the Chickamauga crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America.

<i>Cambarus georgiae</i> Species of crayfish

Cambarus georgiae, the Little Tennessee crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in Georgia and North Carolina.

Cambarus harti, the Piedmont blue burrower, is a species of burrowing crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Georgia in the United States. The common name refers to the Piedmont plateau region.

<i>Cambarus howardi</i> Species of crayfish

Cambarus howardi, the Chattahoochee crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America. The common name refers to the Chattahoochee River, where the first specimens were collected.

Cambarus pristinus, the pristine crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Tennessee.

<i>Cambarus scotti</i> Species of crayfish

Cambarus scotti, the Chattooga River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Alabama and Georgia. The common name refers to the Chattooga River. The original specimens were collected from Clarks Creek in Chattooga County.

Cambarus speciosus, the beautiful crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Georgia.

Cambarus truncatus, the Oconee burrowing crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America.

<i>Cambarus unestami</i> Species of crayfish

Cambarus unestami, the blackbarred crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to Alabama and Georgia in the United States.

Cambarus williami, the Brawleys Fork crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Tennessee.

Horton Holcombe Hobbs Jr. was an American taxonomist and carcinologist, specialising in freshwater decapods. He was also a capable artist, musician, cook and botanist.

<i>Cambarus asperimanus</i> Species of crayfish

Cambarus asperimanus, the mitten crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Cordeiro, J.; Jones, T. & Thoma, R.F. (2010). "Cambarus gentryi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T153803A4547037. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T153803A4547037.en .
  2. 1 2 3 "Cambarus gentryi". NatureServe Explorer An online encyclopedia of life. 7.1. NatureServe. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  3. ↑ "ITIS - Report: Cambarus". itis.gov. Retrieved 2023-10-30.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Biological Society of Washington; Washington, Biological Society of; Washington, Biological Society of; Washington, Biological Society of; Institution, Smithsonian; Institution, Smithsonian (1970). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Vol. 83. Washington: Biological Society of Washington.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hobbs, Horton H (May 27, 1970). "A new crayfish from the Nashville basin, Tennessee". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 83 (14): 161–170 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  6. 1 2 "Search". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-10-02.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Thorp, James H.; Rogers, D. Christopher (2011), "Crayfish, Crabs, and Shrimp", Field Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates of North America, Elsevier, pp. 157–168, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-381426-5.00018-1, ISBN   978-0-12-381426-5 , retrieved 2023-10-02
  8. 1 2 3 Hobbs, Horton Holcombe Jr. (1989). "An Illustrated Checklist of the American Crayfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae, Cambaridae, Parastacidae)". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology (480): 22. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.480.
  9. ↑ Hobbs, Horton H.; Peters, Daniel J. (1993). "New record of enterocytherid ostracods infesting burrowing and cave-dwelling crayfishes, with descriptions of two new species". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 106 (3): 455–466 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  10. ↑ Weaver, Patricia G.; Williams, Bronwyn W. (2017-06-07). "A new genus and species of entocytherid ostracod (Ostracoda: Entocytheridae) from the John Day River Basin of Oregon, U.S.A., with a key to genera of the subfamily Entocytherinae". Zootaxa. 4273 (4). doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4273.4.7. ISSN   1175-5334.
  11. 1 2 "Cambarus Gentryi". NCBI taxonomy browser. Retrieved October 1, 2023.


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