The Center for Bio-Ethical Reform (CBR) is an American anti-abortion [1] organization. The Executive Director of the CBR is Gregg Cunningham, a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives who has also held a number of other government positions. He was a member of the Reagan administration. [2]
CBR projects include the Reproductive "Choice" Campaign, the Genocide Awareness Project, Matthew 28:20, and the AbortionNO web site.
The CBR has compared Nazi genocide and lynching victims to aborted fetuses, in the context of its Genocide Awareness Project. Shopping mall owners in California attempted to prohibit their "grisly or gruesome displays", but the California Supreme Court upheld the Center's constitutional right to free speech and political activities in such public places. [3]
The Guardian describes a group called Abort67, "whose parent organisation is the Center for Bio-Ethical Reform, which is run by an ex-Republican politician who has come over to train their activists". [4]
In 2019 the UK affiliate of CBR targeted Labour MP and women's rights campaigner Stella Creasy, who was pregnant, by advertising on billboards and leafleting in her constituency. The material depicted a fetus, and prompted hundreds of complaints. The advertising agency responsible for the billboards apologised, [5] conceding that they should have monitored the content more closely, and they removed the posters [6] Campaigning in the UK has been done under the banner of Abort67, a project of the Centre for Bio-Ethical Reform UK, which was founded as a company in 2010. The Centre claimed at least £29,000 in gift aid, according to its accounts, prompting the BBC and the Charity Commission to investigate their charity status. [1]
The group's Irish branch campaigned against the legalization of abortion in Ireland. [7]
The CBR advocates displaying graphic pictures of aborted fetuses, as well as the dead bodies of Holocaust and lynching victims. During their protest at Liberty University and The College of William and Mary, [8] the group was condemned by anti-abortion organizations on campus, who consider the group's tactics and messages to be neither helpful nor appropriate. [9]
The Genocide Awareness Project is a movable display which has been temporarily installed on multiple university campuses in the United States and Canada since 1997. The display includes pictures which they say depict aborted fetuses or represent what an aborted fetus would look like, juxtaposed with images of genocide victims. In 2001, the display was mounted on trucks and driven around San Francisco Bay Area. This approach was also used earlier in Florida, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and the Los Angeles area. [10]
At the University of Maryland, over 500 students signed the petition "I Am Insulted by the Exploitation of the Holocaust for Political Gain". [11]
According to Charity Navigator, 6.76%, or $66,440, of the group's expenses goes to compensating secretary Gregg Cunningham. [12]
Numerous religious traditions have taken a stance on abortion but few are absolute. These stances span a broad spectrum, based on numerous teachings, deities, or religious print, and some of those views are highlighted below.
Abortion in Sweden was first legislated by the Abortion Act of 1938. This stated that an abortion could be legally performed in Sweden upon medical, humanitarian, or eugenical grounds. That is, if the pregnancy constituted a serious threat to the woman's life, if she had been impregnated by rape, or if there was a considerable chance that any serious condition might be inherited by her child, she could request an abortion. The law was later augmented in 1946 to include socio-medical grounds and again in 1963 to include the risk of serious fetal damage. A committee investigated whether these conditions were met in each individual case and, as a result of this prolonged process, abortion was often not granted until the middle of the second trimester. As such, a new law was created in 1974, stating that the choice of an abortion is entirely up to the woman until the end of the 18th week.
Frank Anthony Pavone is an American anti-abortion activist and secularized Catholic priest. He is the national director of Priests for Life and the chairman and pastoral director of its Rachel's Vineyard project. He is also the president of the National Pro-Life Religious Council, an umbrella group of various anti-abortion Christian denominations, and the pastoral director of the Silent No More campaign.
The United Statesanti-abortion movement is a movement in the United States that opposes induced abortion and advocates for the protection of fetal life. Advocates support legal prohibition or restriction on ethical, moral, or religious grounds, arguing that human life begins at conception and that the human zygote, embryo or fetus is a person and therefore has a right to life. The anti-abortion movement includes a variety of organizations, with no single centralized decision-making body. There are diverse arguments and rationales for the anti-abortion stance. Some allow for some permissible abortions, including therapeutic abortions, in exceptional circumstances such as incest, rape, severe fetal defects, or when the woman's health is at risk.
Troy Edward Newman-Mariotti, known as Troy Newman, is an American anti-abortion activist. He is the president of Operation Rescue, which is based in Wichita, Kansas, and sits on the board of the Center for Medical Progress.
Philip "Flip" Benham is an Evangelical Christian minister and the national leader of Concord, North Carolina–based Operation Save America, an anti-abortion group that evolved from Operation Rescue.
Priests for Life (PFL) is an anti-abortion organization based in Titusville, Florida. PFL functions as a network to promote and coordinate anti-abortion activism, especially among Roman Catholic priests and laymen, with the primary strategic goal of ending abortion and euthanasia and to spread the message of the Evangelium vitae encyclical, written by Pope John Paul II.
The Silent Scream is a 1984 anti-abortion film created and narrated by Bernard Nathanson, a former abortion provider who had become an anti-abortion activist. It was produced by Crusade for Life, Inc., an evangelical anti-abortion organization, and has been described as a pro-life propaganda film. The film depicts the abortion process via ultrasound and shows an abortion taking place in the uterus. During the abortion process, the fetus is described as appearing to make outcries of pain and discomfort. The video has been a popular tool used by the anti-abortion campaign in arguing against abortion, but it has been criticized as misleading by members of the medical community.
The genetics and abortion issue is an extension of the abortion debate and the disability rights movement. Since the advent of forms of prenatal diagnosis, such as amniocentesis and ultrasound, it has become possible to detect the presence of congenital disorders in the fetus before birth. Specifically, disability-selective abortion is the abortion of fetuses that are found to have non-fatal mental or physical defects detected through prenatal testing. Many prenatal tests are now considered routine, such as testing for Down syndrome. Women who are discovered to be carrying fetuses with disabilities are often faced with the decision of whether to abort or to prepare to parent a child with disabilities.
In Judaism, views on abortion draw primarily upon the legal and ethical teachings of the Hebrew Bible, the Talmud, the case-by-case decisions of responsa, and other rabbinic literature. While most major Jewish religious movements discourage abortion, except to save the life of a pregnant woman, authorities differ on when and whether it is permitted in other cases.
John Fingland Mason is a Scottish independent politician who has served as the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Glasgow Shettleston since 2011. He was a member of the Scottish National Party until his expulsion in 2024.
Gregg L. Cunningham is a Republican former member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He is now executive director of the Center for Bio-Ethical Reform, an anti-abortion advocacy group.
Stella Judith Creasy is a British Labour and Co-operative politician who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Walthamstow since 2010.
Mark Harrington is an American anti-abortion activist. From 1999–2011, he was the executive director of the Midwest office of the Center for Bio-Ethical Reform and president of the Pro-Life Institute. In 2011, Harrington became the founder and executive director of Reform America, DBA Created Equal.
Abort67 is an anti-abortion educational organisation in the UK known for using methods such as demonstrating in public places, speaking to people who stop to engage and displaying graphic images of aborted fetuses. The group was founded by Kathryn Attwood and Andrew Stephenson in January 2012, both former directors of the Centre for Bio-Ethical Reform UK.
Anti-abortion movements, also self-styled as pro-life movements, are involved in the abortion debate advocating against the practice of abortion and its legality. Many anti-abortion movements began as countermovements in response to the legalization of elective abortions.
The Canadian Centre for Bio-Ethical Reform is an anti-abortion group based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Survivors of the Abortion Holocaust is a Christian American anti-abortion group based in California, founded by Jeff White. The group is best known for displaying graphic images of aborted fetuses in public locations. Survivors of the Abortion Holocaust has attracted nationwide and international attention, regarding the use of graphic abortion imagery, and the debate over the protection of the use of such imagery, by freedom of speech.
Alissa Golob is a Canadian pro-life activist, and co-founder of RightNow, a political group that aids in electing pro-life candidates in local nomination elections.