A bunker is a defensive military fortification designed to protect people and valued materials from falling bombs,artillery,or other attacks. Bunkers are almost always underground,in contrast to blockhouses which are mostly above ground. They were used extensively in World War I,World War II,and the Cold War for weapons facilities,command and control centers,and storage facilities. Bunkers can also be used as protection from tornadoes.
Stonecutters Island or Ngong Shuen Chau is a former island in Victoria Harbour,Hong Kong. Following land reclamation,it is now attached to the Kowloon Peninsula.
Hawthorne Army Depot (HWAD) is a U.S. Army Joint Munitions Command ammunition storage depot located near the town of Hawthorne in western Nevada in the United States. It is directly south of Walker Lake. The depot covers 147,000 acres (59,000 ha) or 226 sq. mi. and has 600,000 square feet (56,000 m2) storage space in 2,427 bunkers. HWAD is the "World's Largest Depot". It is divided into three ammunition storage and production areas,plus an industrial area housing command headquarters,facilities,engineering shops,etc.
Canadian Forces Station Debert was a Canadian Forces station located in Debert,Nova Scotia. It was most recently used during the Cold War as a communications facility and was home to a "Regional Emergency Government Headquarters" (REGH) complex,more commonly known by their nickname "Diefenbunker."
The Al Qa'qaa high explosives controversy concerns the possible removal of about 377 tonnes of high explosives from the Al Qa'qaa facility by the Iraqi insurgency,after the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Although Pentagon spokesman Lawrence Di Rita said that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has not come forward with documentation that explains how it arrived at the figure of 377 tons of missing explosives. The IAEA so far only has verified in its paperwork that 219 tons of explosive materials were at Al Qaqaa and surrounding facilities.
The Battle of Hong Kong,also known as the Defence of Hong Kong and the Fall of Hong Kong,was one of the first battles of the Pacific War in World War II. On the same morning as the attack on Pearl Harbor,forces of the Empire of Japan attacked the British Crown colony of Hong Kong around the same time that Japan declared war on Great Britain. The Hong Kong garrison consisted of British,Indian and Canadian units,also the Auxiliary Defence Units and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC).
The Battle of Pasir Panjang,which took place between 13 and 15 February 1942,was part of the final stage of the Empire of Japan's invasion of Singapore during World War II. The battle was initiated upon the advancement of elite Imperial Japanese Army forces towards Pasir Panjang Ridge on 13 February.
The Imperial Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began when the Governor of Hong Kong,Sir Mark Young,surrendered the British Crown colony of Hong Kong to the Empire of Japan on 25 December 1941. His surrender occurred after 18 days of fierce fighting against the Japanese forces that invaded the territory. The occupation lasted for three years and eight months until Japan surrendered at the end of the Second World War. The length of the period later became a metonym of the occupation.
The Royal Army Ordnance Corps (RAOC) was a corps of the British Army. At its renaming as a Royal Corps in 1918 it was both a supply and repair corps. In the supply area it had responsibility for weapons,armoured vehicles and other military equipment,ammunition and clothing and certain minor functions such as laundry,mobile baths and photography. The RAOC was also responsible for a major element of the repair of Army equipment. In 1942 the latter function was transferred to the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) and the vehicle storage and spares responsibilities of the Royal Army Service Corps were in turn passed over to the RAOC. The RAOC retained repair responsibilities for ammunition,clothing and certain ranges of general stores. In 1964 the McLeod Reorganisation of Army Logistics resulted in the RAOC absorbing petroleum,rations and accommodation stores functions from the Royal Army Service Corps as well as the Army Fire Service,barrack services,sponsorship of NAAFI (EFI) and the management of staff clerks from the same Corps. On 5 April 1993,the RAOC was one of the corps that amalgamated to form The Royal Logistic Corps (RLC).
ROF Chorley was a UK government-owned munitions filling Royal Ordnance Factory. It was planned as a permanent Royal Ordnance Factory with the intention that it,unlike some other similar facilities,would remain open for production after the end of World War II;and,together with ROF Bridgend,would replace the Royal Filling Factory located at the Royal Arsenal,Woolwich. It was built largely in Euxton,but was known as ROF Chorley.
Wellington Barracks was a military barracks located to the east of Garden Road in Admiralty,Hong Kong. One of many military complexes constructed by the British Army in the area,the land was returned to the Hong Kong government in the 1970s and gradually reverted to civilian use. As a result,the barracks was closed at the end of that decade,demolished in the mid-1980s and replaced with Harcourt Garden.
An ammunition technician (AT) is a British Army soldier,formerly of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps but since 1993 of the Royal Logistic Corps,trained to inspect,repair,test,store,and modify all ammunition,guided missiles,and explosives used by the British Army. These technicians are also trained to use demolition to safely dispose of individual items of ammunition and explosives (EODs) or to conduct logistics disposal of bulk stocks of multi items. After gaining sufficient experience,those who show the appropriate qualities are given extra training to render safe improvised explosive devices (IEDs) by a process called improvised explosive device disposal. Experienced ATs may be called to give evidence as expert witnesses in criminal or coroner's courts in relation to ammunition or explosives or to EOD and IEDD duties.
Shouson Hill is a hill on the coast of Deep Water Bay east of Wong Chuk Hang,in Southern District,on Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong.
Sai Wan War Cemetery is a military cemetery located in Chai Wan,Hong Kong which was built in 1946. The cemetery was created to commemorate soldiers of Hong Kong Garrison who perished during the Second World War. The cemetery also contains 12 World War I burials. A total of 1,528 soldiers,mainly from the Commonwealth,are commemorated here. Most of the remaining burials are located at the Stanley Military Cemetery.
The Defence Explosive Ordnance Disposal,Munitions and Search Training Regiment is an element of the Royal School of Military Engineering responsible for the provision of training to British Army Ammunition Technicians,Ammunition Technical Officers and Search Operators. The Regiment provides training from two locations:Marlborough Barracks,MoD Kineton near Kineton,Warwickshire and St George's Barracks,MoD Bicester,near Bicester,Oxfordshire.
The Naval Ammunition Depot Hastings near Hastings,Nebraska was the largest United States World War II naval munitions plant operating from 1942 to 1946 and produced over 40% of the U.S. Navy's munitions.
Crown Worldwide Group is a multinational privately owned company headquartered in Hong Kong that provides a range of logistics and related services.
A Royal Naval Armament Depot (RNAD) is an armament depot dedicated to supplying the Royal Navy. They were sister depots of Royal Naval Cordite Factories,Royal Naval Torpedo and Royal Naval Mine Depots. The only current RNAD is RNAD Coulport,which is the UK Strategic Weapon Facility for the nuclear-armed Trident Missile System;with many others being retained as tri-service 'Defence Munitions' sites.
Supply depots are a type of military installation used by militaries to store battlefield supplies temporarily on or near the front lines until they can be distributed to military units. Supply depots are responsible for nearly all other types of materiel,except ammunition.
The Vorbunker was an underground concrete structure originally intended to be a temporary air-raid shelter for Adolf Hitler and his guards and servants. It was located behind the large reception hall that was added onto the old Reich Chancellery,in Berlin,Germany,in 1936. The bunker was officially called the "Reich Chancellery Air-Raid Shelter" until 1943,when the complex was expanded with the addition of the Führerbunker,located one level below. On 16 January 1945,Hitler moved into the Führerbunker. He was joined by his senior staff,including Martin Bormann. Later,Eva Braun and Joseph Goebbels moved into the Führerbunker while Magda Goebbels and their six children took residence in the upper Vorbunker. The Goebbels family lived in the Vorbunker until their deaths on 1 May 1945.
