Chamaecytisus albus

Chamaecytisus albus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Faboideae
Genus:	Chamaecytisus
Species:	C. albus
Binomial name
Chamaecytisus albus (Hacq.) Rothm.
Synonyms
Chamaecytisus supinus subsp. albus(Hacq.) Briq. Cytisus albusHacq. Cytisus leucanthusWaldst. & Kit. Chamaecytisus albus(Hacq.) Rothm. subsp. albus

Chamaecytisus albus, also called white broom or Portuguese broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Central Europe, Moldova and Ukraine, Southeastern Europe and Western Asia. ^[1] The species is critically endangered in Poland and can only be found in one natural locality - near Hrubieszczów in the Lublin Voivodeship.

Taxonomy

Chamaecytisus albus was first described by Belsazar Hacquet in 1790 as Cytisus albus. It was later transferred to the genus Chamaecytisus in 1894 as a subspecies of Chamaecytisus supinus. ^[2]

Etymology

The Latin specific epithet albus means "white", which refers to the color of the species' flowers, as the English common name also suggests.

Description

Small, leguminous shrub, typically 20-80 centimeters high. Blooms from June to July.

Leaves are trifoliate, leaflets oblong-obovate, with a length to width ratio of roughly 3:1, sometimes 4:1.

Stems are slender, erect, typically covered in silver-gray to white hairs.

The flower's calyx is 11-13 mm, corolla roughly 20 mm; white, white-yellow or sulphur-yellow depending on specimen, flowers are gathered in capitula.

• 
  Trifoliate leaves
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  Seed pods
• 
  Flowers

As a broom species, it utilizes nitrogen fixation to colonize disturbed lands and control erosion of soil by supplying it with essential nutrients. ^[3]

Habitats

Found in open woodlands, scrublands, dry hillsides ^[3] and temperate grasslands.

Toxicity

Just like other plants in the Fabaceae family, such as Cytisus scoparius or Laburnum anagyroides, the species contains alkaloids, notably cytisine, known to cause respiratory issues, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain when ingested in significant amounts. Additionally, it has potential to cause an allergic reaction or skin irritation in some individuals. ^{[3] [4]}

References

1. "Cytisus albus Hacq". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2025-07-16.
2. "Chamaecytisus albus (Hacq.) Rothm. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2025-08-29.
3. "Chamaecytisus albus White Broom PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 2025-07-21.
4. Keeler RF. Handbook of Natural Toxins: Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. CRC Press. p. 43.