Chamaesaracha coronopus

Chamaesaracha coronopus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Solanales
Family:	Solanaceae
Genus:	Chamaesaracha
Species:	C. coronopus
Binomial name
	Chamaesaracha coronopus;

Last updated March 19, 2019

Chamaesaracha coronopus (formerly Solanum coronopus), commonly called greenleaf five eyes, is a plant in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) found in dry open flat areas from southeastern California to Kansas and western Texas.^[1]

The Solanaceae, or nightshades, are an economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of important agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamentals. Many members of the family contain potent alkaloids, and some are highly toxic, but many—including tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, bell and chili peppers, and tobacco—are widely used. The family belongs to the order Solanales, in the asterid group and class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The Solanaceae consists of about 98 genera and some 2,700 species, with a great diversity of habitats, morphology and ecology.

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States. With 39.6 million residents, California is the most populous U.S. state and the third-largest by area. The state capital is Sacramento. The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second and fifth most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 8.8 million residents respectively. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second most populous, after New York City. California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The City and County of San Francisco is both the country's second-most densely populated major city after New York City and the fifth-most densely populated county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs.

Kansas is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka and its largest city is Wichita, with its most populated county being Johnson County. Kansas is bordered by Nebraska on the north; Missouri on the east; Oklahoma on the south; and Colorado on the west. Kansas is named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the (south) wind" although this was probably not the term's original meaning. For thousands of years, what is now Kansas was home to numerous and diverse Native American tribes. Tribes in the eastern part of the state generally lived in villages along the river valleys. Tribes in the western part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison.

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Chamaesaracha is a genus of perennial herbs in the nightshade family which are known commonly as five eyes. There are around nine species of five eyes, and they are native to the southwestern and western United States and parts of Mexico. These are hairy plants growing low to the ground and covered in crinkly dull green leaves. The flowers are star-shaped to wheel-shaped and their dried remnants can be found around the fruits, which are spherical berries filled with flat, kidney-shaped seeds.

Coronopus is a synonym for the accepted genus name Lepidium. It was applied to some species of flowering plants in the cabbage and mustard family Brassicaceae known commonly as swinecress or wartcress. These are generally low spreading annual herbaceous plants with many long stems, deeply lobed leaves and small white flowers. They have a strong scent, smelling like garden cress, Lepidium sativum, when crushed. Lepidium squamatus may be native to the Mediterranean but Lepidium didymum may be native to South America. Both species are widespread weedy introduced species in other areas.

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References

↑ Spellenberg, Richard (2012). Sonoran Desert Wildflowers (2nd ed.). p. 69. ISBN 9780762773688.

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[SDF-1] Spellenberg, Richard (2012). Sonoran Desert Wildflowers (2nd ed.). p. 69. ISBN 9780762773688.

Taxon identifiers
Chamaesaracha coronopus	Wd: Q15527715 Calflora: 1919 EoL: 581025 EPPO: CHFCO GBIF: 2928868 GRIN: 454731 iNaturalist: 76239 IPNI: 815386-1 ITIS: 30507 NCBI: 304120 PfaF: coronopus Chamaesaracha coronopus Plant List: kew-2715698 PLANTS: CHCO2 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:815386-1 Tropicos: 29602640
Solanum coronopus	Wd: Q39930275 GBIF: 3797208 GRIN: 454732 IPNI: 818811-1 Tropicos: 29601337