Cheng Hoon Teng

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Coordinates: 2°11′50.9″N102°14′48.7″E / 2.197472°N 102.246861°E / 2.197472; 102.246861

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Cheng Hoon Teng temple ChengHoonTeng.jpg
Cheng Hoon Teng temple
Inside the Cheng Hoon Teng temple Melaka-Qing-Yun-Ting-2152.jpg
Inside the Cheng Hoon Teng temple
One of the guardian lions at the gate Melaka-Qing-Yun-Ting-lions-2147.jpg
One of the guardian lions at the gate

The Cheng Hoon Teng temple (Chinese :青云亭; Pe̍h-ōe-jī :Tshinn-hûn-tîng; lit. "Temple of Green Cloud" [1] ) is a Chinese temple practicing the Three Doctrinal Systems of Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism located at No. 25 Jalan Tokong, Malacca City, Malaysia. It is the oldest functioning temple in Malaysia. [2]

Simplified Chinese characters standardized Chinese characters developed in mainland China

Simplified Chinese characters are standardized Chinese characters prescribed in the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters for use in mainland China. Along with traditional Chinese characters, they are one of the two standard character sets of the contemporary Chinese written language. The government of the People's Republic of China in mainland China has promoted them for use in printing since the 1950s and 1960s to encourage literacy. They are officially used in the People's Republic of China and Singapore.

Pe̍h-ōe-jī romanization system of Min Nan Chinese

Pe̍h-ōe-jī is an orthography used to write variants of Southern Min Chinese, particularly Taiwanese Hokkien and Amoy Hokkien. Developed by Western missionaries working among the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia in the 19th century and refined by missionaries working in Xiamen and Tainan, it uses a modified Latin alphabet and some diacritics to represent the spoken language. After initial success in Fujian, POJ became most widespread in Taiwan and, in the mid-20th century, there were over 100,000 people literate in POJ. A large amount of printed material, religious and secular, has been produced in the script, including Taiwan's first newspaper, the Taiwan Church News.

Malacca City City and State Capital in Malacca, Malaysia

Malacca City, is the capital city of the Malaysian state of Malacca. As of 2010 it has a population of 484,885. It is the oldest Malaysian city on the Straits of Malacca, having become a successful entrepôt in the era of the Malacca Sultanate. The present-day city was founded by Parameswara, a Sumatran prince who escaped to the Malay Peninsula when Srivijaya fell to the Majapahit. Following the establishment of the Malacca Sultanate, the city drew the attention of traders from the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia, as well as the Portuguese, who intended to dominate the trade route in Asia. After Malacca was conquered by Portugal, the city became an area of conflict when the sultanates of Aceh and Johor attempted to take control from the Portuguese.

Overview

The Cheng Hoon Teng temple is situated close to Jalan Tukang Emas, also known as "Harmony Street" because of its proximity to the Kampung Kling Mosque and Sri Poyatha Moorthi Temple.

Kampung Kling Mosque mosque in Malaysia

Kampong Kling Mosque is an old mosque in Malacca City, Malacca, Malaysia.

Sri Poyatha Moorthi Temple

Sri Poyatha Moorthi Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Malaysia and one of the oldest functioning Hindu temples in Maritime Southeast Asia. Located in the state of Malacca, the temple is one of the few existing Chitty temples in Malaysia.

The richly decorated Cheng Hoon Teng temple covers an area of 4,600 m2.

Featuring a magnificent main gate along Jalan Tokong, the Cheng Hoon Teng temple consists of a complex of several prayer halls, with a large main prayer hall dedicated to the goddess of mercy, Kuan Yin. Additional smaller prayer quarters were added later. One of these is dedicated to the Buddhist gods of wealth, longevity and propagation, while another houses ancestral tablets.

One of the most dramatic features of Cheng Hoon Teng temple is the seven-metre red flag-pole facing the left wing of the main prayer hall, which houses the remains of two of the three Kapitans who contributed to the construction of the temple. Across the road is a traditional opera theatre, which forms a part of the Cheng Hoon Teng temple complex.

The building conforms to the principles of feng shui. The complex is laid out to ensure a view of the river and high ground on either side.

Feng shui Chinese philosophical system of harmonizing everyone with the surrounding environment

Feng shui or fengshui, also known as Chinese geomancy, is a pseudoscience originating from China, which claims to use energy forces to harmonize individuals with their surrounding environment. The term feng shui literally translates as "wind-water" in English. This is a cultural shorthand taken from the passage of the now-lost Book of Burial recorded in Guo Pu's commentary: Feng shui is one of the Five Arts of Chinese Metaphysics, classified as physiognomy. The feng shui practice discusses architecture in terms of "invisible forces" that bind the universe, earth, and humanity together, known as qi.

History

The temple has a long history of association with the Kapitans China of Malacca, who headed the governance of the local Chinese community. Built in 1673 [3] by Kapitan Lee Wei King with building materials imported from China, Cheng Hoon Teng served as the main place of worship for the local Hoklo (Hokkien) community. The main hall was built by Kapitan Chan Ki Lock in 1704. A rebuilding programme in 1801 contributed to the aesthetic and magnificent structural additions of the building, and was undertaken under the patronage of Kapitan China Choa Su Cheong, father of Choa Chong Long, first Kapitan China of Singapore.

China State in East Asia

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.404 billion. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area. Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

Hoklo people ethnic group

The Hoklo people are Han Chinese people whose traditional ancestral homes are in southern Fujian, China and speakers of Hokkien which is the prestige dialect of the Southern Min varieties. They are also known by various endonyms, or other related terms such as Banlam (Minnan) people or Hokkien people. "Hokkien" is sometimes erroneously used to refer to all Fujianese people.

Kapitan China Choa Chong Long, served as the first Kapitan China of Singapore under the British colonial government, and was a prominent magnate, revenue farmer and pioneering colonist.

In 1962, then abbot Seck Kim Seng ordained Houn Jiyu-Kennett, a Zen nun from England and the future founder of the Order of Buddhist Contemplatives, at this temple.

In 2003, Cheng Hoon Teng was awarded a UNESCO award for outstanding architectural restoration. [1]

See also

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