Chess has been recorded as played in Australia since the middle of the nineteenth century, during which a chess club was established in Melbourne. [1]
The Australian Chess Federation consists of seven chess association members, corresponding to each of the six Australian states and the Australian Capital Territory. [2] [3] Regionally, it is associated with the Asian Chess Federation, and Australian chess players can compete in the Asian Chess Championship and Asian Junior Chess Championship, where the girls' championship has been held thrice in Adelaide.
The Australian Chess Championship is held every two years, and the Australian Women's Championship is held every year in which an open championship does not fall. The Australian Junior and Girls Championships are held every year by the ACF. [4] The Australian Open, described by its organizers as one of Australia's "premier chess events", is open to players around the world.
Australia is also home to the Southern Hemisphere's largest collection of chess literature at the State Library Victoria, the MV Anderson Chess Collection. The MV Anderson Chess Collection contains 13,000 volumes of chess-related literature, and is home to numerous pieces of chess history such as an excerpt from the mid fifteenth century informational book The Game and Playe of the Chesse . [5]
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Moves | 1.d4 Na6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ECO | A40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent | Queen's Pawn Game |
The Australian Defense — is an unorthodox chess opening in the Queen's Pawn Game, defined by the moves: 1. d4 Na6. [6]
It refers to Semi-Closed Games, is black's response to Queen's pawn opening. The name of the opening comes from the Australian Champion in 1992 and Ocean Champion in 2000, Aleksandar Wohl, International Master. In tournaments, he repeatedly and effectively used this defense, although in general this debut at world-class competitions is extremely rare. [7] The Australian Defense is described in his chess course by International Master (Grandmaster since 2022) Renato Quintiliano in 2018. [8] This defense is often used by Hungarian grandmaster Ticia Gara. [9] Black's ideas in this defense are similar to White's Durkin Attack, the advantage of the opening is that the pawn structure is not affected.
It is recognized as somewhat dubious, but can transpose to the slightly more acceptable de Bruycker Defense in the Caro–Kann if the game continues 2. e4 c6. The Australian Defense has been played by American grandmaster Hikaru Nakamura to draw a game with Chinese grandmaster Wang Yue in 2018, English grandmaster Tony Miles in 1996 to draw a game with Swedish grandmaster Ulf Andersson, [10] and American grandmaster Andrew Tang to defeat international master Craig Hilby in the Professional Rapid Online Chess League.
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin. For a list of unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece; for a list of terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems; for a list of named opening lines, see List of chess openings; for a list of chess-related games, see List of chess variants; for a list of terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
The Queen's Gambit is the chess opening that starts with the moves:
The Bogo-Indian Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
Ulf Andersson is a leading Swedish chess player. FIDE awarded him the International Master title in 1970 and the Grandmaster title in 1972.
The Caro–Kann Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
Robert Hübner was a German chess grandmaster, chess writer, and papyrologist. He was one of the world's leading players in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Yuri Lvovich Averbakh was a Russian chess grandmaster and author. He was chairman of the USSR Chess Federation from 1973 to 1978. He was the first centenarian FIDE Grandmaster. Despite his eyesight and hearing having worsened, by his 100th birthday he continued to devote time to chess-related activities.
Andrew Eden Soltis is an American chess grandmaster, author and columnist. He was inducted into the United States Chess Hall of Fame in September 2011.
The Queen's Pawn Game is any chess opening starting with the move:
The King's Pawn Game is any chess opening starting with the move:
Handicaps in chess are handicapping variants which enable a weaker player to have a chance of winning against a stronger one. There are a variety of such handicaps, such as material odds, extra moves, extra time on the chess clock, and special conditions. Various permutations of these, such as "pawn and two moves", are also possible.
The Slav Defense is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
The Queen's Gambit Accepted (QGA) is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
Thomas Luther is a German chess player and International Grandmaster of chess. In 2000 he was a member of the German team that won the silver medal in the 34th Chess Olympiad in Istanbul.
Keith Charles Arkell is an English chess Grandmaster.
Ashot Nadanian is an Armenian chess International Master (1997), chess theoretician and chess coach.
The World Chess Championship 2014 was a match between the world champion Magnus Carlsen and challenger Viswanathan Anand, to determine the World Chess Champion. It was held from 7 to 25 November 2014, under the auspices of the World Chess Federation (FIDE) in Sochi, Russia.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to chess:
Tícia Gara is a Hungarian chess player holding the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM). She was the Hungarian women's champion in 2006, 2007 and 2019. In the 2009 edition she and her sister Anita were tied for first place, with Anita receiving the title on tie-break. Gara has played for the Hungarian team in the Women's Chess Olympiad, the Women's European Team Chess Championship, the European Youth Girls Team Championship and the Women's Mitropa Cup. Her team won the gold medal in the 2015 Women's Mitropa Cup in Mayrhofen, Austria. She contributed to the victory scoring six wins from six games playing board two.
The World Chess Championship 2021 was a chess match between the reigning world champion Magnus Carlsen and the challenger Ian Nepomniachtchi to determine the World Chess Champion. It was held under the auspices of FIDE and played during Expo 2020 at Dubai Exhibition Centre in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, between 24 November and 12 December 2021. It was originally scheduled for the latter half of 2020 but was postponed until 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, this is the first sporting event to be held at an international exposition since the 1904 Summer Olympics during the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, United States.