Chilades parrhasius

Small Cupid
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Lycaenidae
Genus:	Chilades
Species:	C. parrhasius
Binomial name
	Chilades parrhasius; (Fabricius 1793)
Synonyms
	Hesperia parrhasiusFabricius, 1793; Freyeria parrhasius; Euchrysops contracta nilaEvans, 1925; Euchrysops parrhasius minutaEvans, 1932;

Last updated January 03, 2024

Chilades parrhasius, the small Cupid,^[2] is a small butterfly that belongs to the lycaenids or blues family. It is found in Nepal, southern Turan, southern Ghissar, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, Oman and southern, central and north-west India.^[2]^[1]^[3]

Description

Wet-season Brood: Male. Upperside dark greyish-blue, with a lilacine tint. Forewing with a black terminal band broadening slightly towards the apex. Hindwing with the costal margin broadly blackish; the outer margin with a narrow black band, the upper portion composed of a series of spots joined together, inwardly pale-edged, and often with black marks running shortly up the veins, two large jet black spots in interspaces 2 and 3, and two minute black spots at the anal angle, all capped more or less with orange. Tails black tipped with white. Cilia of forewing grey, of hindwing white with black points at the vein ends. Underside greyish-white, all the markings white-edged. Forewing with a lunular mark at the end of the cell, a discal row of six lunular marks in line, the upper one a little inwards. Hindwing with three sub-basal small black spots, the middle one well inwards, and another similar spot, sub-apical close to the costa; a slender mark at the end of the cell, and a discal row of six lunular marks, the upper one inwards, just below the sub-apical black spot, the lowest mark also well inwards, the others in a gentle outward curve; the discal row on both wings well separated from the marginal series; both wings with a terminal brownish line and sub-terminal series of marks, lunular in the hindwings and between them a row of brownish spots, the two spots in interspaces 2 and 3, and sometimes another in interspace 4 black and large with some metallic specks and capped with obscure orange. Antennae black, ringed with white, head and body blackish above, with blue pubescence, white beneath.
Female. Upperside paler than the male, the blackish bands on both wings much broader; blackish lunular line generally present at the end of the cell on both wings. Underside more white than the male, the discal series similarly well separated from the marginal series in both wings, the lunular marks composing them darker and more prominent.
Dry-season Brood: Male and Female. Upperside pale lilacine greyish-blue; veins more or less prominent, the terminal bands narrower and much paler, the black spots capped with orange on the hindwing, small and generally present in both sexes. Underside with the markings similar to those of the wet-season form, but very minute and indistinct.
— Charles Swinhoe, Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. VII^[3]

larva
pupa
upper side (male)
upper side (female)

Subspecies

Chilades parrhasius parrhasius (India)^[2]
Chilades parrhasius nilaEvans, 1925 (Sri Lanka)
Chilades parrhasius minuta(Evans, 1932) (Pakistan)

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References

1 2 Savela, Markku. "Chilades parrhasius (Fabricius, 1793)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
1 2 3 R.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 143. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
1 2 One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain : Swinhoe, Charles (1905–1910). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. VII. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 265–267.

Sources

Evans, W.H. (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd ed.). Mumbai, India: Bombay Natural History Society.
Gaonkar, Harish (1996). Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka) - A Biodiversity Assessment of a Threatened Mountain System. Bangalore, India: Centre for Ecological Sciences.
Gay, Thomas; Kehimkar, Isaac David; Punetha, Jagdish Chandra (1992). Common Butterflies of India. Nature Guides. Bombay, India: World Wide Fund for Nature-India by Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195631647.
Haribal, Meena (1992). The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Their Natural History. Gangtok, Sikkim, India: Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation.
Kunte, Krushnamegh (2000). Butterflies of Peninsular India. India, A Lifescape. Hyderabad, India: Universities Press. ISBN 978-8173713545.
Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander (1957). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay, India: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 978-8170192329.

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[funet-1] 1 2 Savela, Markku. "Chilades parrhasius (Fabricius, 1793)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 1, 2018.

[Smetacek-2] 1 2 3 R.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 143. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.

[SwinhoeIndica-3] 1 2 One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain : Swinhoe, Charles (1905–1910). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. VII. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 265–267.

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